Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives
Abstract
As the term “smart city” gains wider and wider currency, there is still confusion about what a smart city is, especially since several similar terms are often used interchangeably. This paper aims to clarify the meaning of the word “smart” in the context of cities through an approach based on an in-depth literature review of relevant studies as well as official documents of international institutions. It also identifies the main dimensions and elements characterizing a smart city. The different metrics of urban smartness are reviewed to show the need for a shared definition of what constitutes a smart city, what are its features, and how it performs in comparison to traditional cities. Furthermore, performance measures and initiatives in a few smart cities are identified.
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This calls for the development of a holistic framework or theory in which cocreation is recognized as a common practise.
“This calls for the development of a holistic framework or theory in which cocreation is recognized as a common practise (Albino et al., 2015;Hollands, 2015;Meijer and Bolívar, 2015).”
From Smart tourism destinations: ecosystems for tourism destination competitiveness (2016) · cites this paper as Albino et al., 2015
The extension of obsolescence cycles by one year can have an enormous impact on the environment.
“The extension of obsolescence cycles by one year, for example, can have an enormous impact on the environment.5”
A large number and variety of definitions have been suggested with different foci and orientations.
“In all, a large number and variety of definitions (e.g., [3,5]) have been suggested with different foci and orientations.”
From On the sustainability of smart and smarter cities in the era of big data: an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary literature review (2019) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M.
- Affiliations
- Polytechnic University of Bari (IT)
- Toronto Metropolitan University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Berardi, Umberto
- Venue
- Journal of Urban Technology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-01-02
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-21
- ISSN
- 1063-0732 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-1853
- OpenAlex
- W2026942921
- Cited by
- 3,536
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 210 · 2025: 329 · 2024: 305 · 2023: 438 · 2022: 419 · 2021: 484 · 2020: 449 · 2019: 373 · 2018: 301 · 2017: 150 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 280.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Urban Technology (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Sustainable Urban and Rural Development
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
- Keywords
- smart cities, smart city definition, smart city dimensions, smart city initiatives, urban technology
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