Alcohol-induced changes in serum lipoproteins and in their metabolism.
Abstract
The effects of alcohol intake on serum lipids and lipoproteins depend on the dose and mode of alcohol intake, individual susceptibility, genetic variables, and dietary factors. Therefore the changes of lipoprotein pattern are different among moderate and heavy drinkers. Moderate intake of alcohol increases the concentrations of apolipoproteins (apo) AI, apo AII, and high-density lipoprotein subfraction (HDL3) in plasma without any effects on other lipoproteins. If alcohol intake exceeds 60 to 80 gm per day, the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles is stimulated. Even short-term use of alcohol stimulates lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in adipose tissue, and consequently the concentration of VLDL in plasma stays normal or is even subnormal. If alcohol intake continues in excessive amounts, the increased transport rate of VLDL particles as a result of high LPL activity results in the up regulation of HDL2. This is clearly evident in chronic alcoholics. Low or subnormal low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are another characteristic of the lipoprotein pattern in chronic alcoholics. The increase of HDL (HDL2) and reduction of LDL levels could well explain the reduced risk of coronary heart disease in chronic alcoholics, whereas the causal factors remain open among moderate drinkers.
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The effects of alcohol on triglycerides may be related to the mode of intake.
“The effects of alcohol vary interindividually, tend to be amplified in subjects with underlying lipid disorders, are dose-dependent (106), and may be related to the mode of intake (107).”
From Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2012) · cites this paper as [107]
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Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
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- Authors
- Taskinen, M.-R., Nikkilä, E. A., Välimäki, M., Sane, T., Kuusi, T., Kesäniemi, Y. A., & Ylikahri, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Taskinen, Marja-Riitta
- Venue
- American Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-02
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 458-464
- ISSN
- 0002-8703 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094036485
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Keywords
- alcohol consumption, serum lipoproteins, lipoprotein metabolism, apolipoproteins, HDL2, HDL3, VLDL synthesis, lipoprotein lipase, LDL cholesterol, chronic alcoholism, coronary heart disease risk, moderate drinking, heavy drinking
- MeSH terms
- Ethanol, Alcoholism, Coronary Disease, Humans, Lipoprotein Lipase, Lipoproteins, Liver, Male, Risk
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