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Cited by 45Ear Surgery and Otitis MediaBacterial Infections and VaccinesPneumonia and Respiratory Infections

Spectrum of diseases due to Branhamella Catarrhalis in children with particular reference to acute otitis media

Marchant, Colin D.·1990·The American Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1016/0002-9343(90)90255-c
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Abstract

For many years Branhamella catarrhalis was regarded as a non-pathogenic inhabitant of the respiratory tract. This article outlines the spectrum of B. catarrhalis disease in childhood and the extent of the evidence for a pathogenic role of the organism. B. catarrhalis is a rare etiologic agent in septicemia, meningitis, and other systemic illness in both apparently normal and immunocompromised infants and children. It is an unusual cause of ophthalmia neonatorum, but can be confused with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Whether or not B. catarrhalis is acquired from the birth canal in these cases has not been established. B. catarrhalis is most common as a respiratory tract pathogen in children, including pneumonia, bacterial tracheitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. Since it is difficult to rigorously document pathogenicity of any bacterium in bronchopulmonary infections in children, it is probable that the spectrum of B. catarrhalis disease is wider than that reported to date. The evidence for pathogenicity in acute otitis media is more extensive than for other infections. Otitis media due to B. catarrhalis is clinically similar to that due to other pathogens. B. catarrhalis can be isolated in pure culture from the middle ear exudate and persists if there is no antibacterial treatment. Gram-negative intracellular and extracellular diplococci can be seen on smears of the inflammatory exudate. There is preliminary evidence that there is an antibody response in B. catarrhalis otitis media. B. catarrhalis has emerged as an important and common pathogen in neonates, infants, and children.

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  • M. catarrhalis is a cause of pneumonia and invasive disease such as bacteraemia and meningitis, with bacteraemia being a common complication of pneumonia, particularly in adults.

    “M. catarrhalis is a cause of pneumonia (Berg and Bartley, 1987; Hager et al., 1987; Marchant, 1990; Verduin et al., 2002) and invasive disease such as bacteraemia (Ioannidis et al., 1995) and meningitis (Newing and Christie, 1947), with bacteraemia being a common complication of pneumonia, particularly in adults (Collazos et al., 1992; Ioannidis et al., 1995).”

    From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Marchant, 1990

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Authors
Marchant, C. D.
Affiliations
Tufts Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Marchant, Colin D.
ORCID
Marchant, Colin D.
Venue
The American Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1990-05
Volume
88
Issue
5
Pages
S15-S19
ISSN
0002-9343 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0002-9343(90)90255-c
OpenAlex
W2043312832
Cited by
45
References
91
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • The American Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Keywords
Moraxella catarrhalis, acute otitis media, pediatric infection, septicemia, meningitis, neonatal conjunctivitis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, respiratory infections, pneumonia, bacterial tracheitis, sinusitis, pathogenicity, antibody response, infants
MeSH terms
Bacterial Infections, beta-Lactamases, Moraxella catarrhalis, Child, Child, Preschool, Conjunctivitis, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Ophthalmia Neonatorum, Otitis Media, Respiratory Tract Infections, Sepsis

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