Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 624

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Open access
Petri, Michelle, Perez-Gutthann, Susanne, Spence, Denise, Hochberg, Marc C.·1992·The American Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-y
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

PURPOSE: To estimate the frequency of and examine risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a prospective longitudinal study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were SLE are enrolled in The Johns Hopkins Lupus Cohort, a prospective study of outcomes in 229 subjects with SLE. CAD was defined as angina, myocardial infarction, or sudden death. Data on CAD risk factors were obtained prospectively every 3 months and were analyzed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: CAD occurred in 19 (8.3%) of 229 patients with SLE and accounted for 3 (30%) of 10 deaths as of December 31, 1990. Compared to subjects without CAD, those with CAD were more likely to have been older at both diagnosis of SLE (37.1 years versus 28.9 years, p = 0.004) and at entry into the cohort (47.1 years versus 34.7 years, p < 0.0001), to have a longer mean duration of SLE (12.3 years versus 8.1 years, p = 0.013) and a longer mean duration of prednisone use (14.3 years versus 7.2 years, p < 0.0001), to have a higher mean serum cholesterol (271.2 mg/dL versus 214.9 mg/dL, p < 0.0001) or a cholesterol level greater than 200 mg/dL (odds ratio [OR] 14.5, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.9, 112.1), and to have both a history of hypertension (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3, 9.6) and a history of use of antihypertensive medications (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.8, 17.2). There were no significant associations with other known CAD risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, family history of CAD, race, or sex, or variables related to steroid therapy including the presence of cushingoid features or ever use of corticosteroids. The best multiple logistic regression model for CAD included age at diagnosis, duration of prednisone use, requirement for antihypertensive treatment, maximum cholesterol level, and obesity (using NHANES-II [National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey] definitions). CONCLUSION: Primary and secondary prevention strategies directed at hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, as well as other known CAD risk factors, should be routinely employed in the management of patients with SLE.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-y

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 42 references

Cited by

See all 624

Metadata

Authors
Petri, M., Perez-Gutthann, S., Spence, D., & Hochberg, M. C.
Venue
The American Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1992-11
Volume
93
Issue
5
Pages
513-519
ISSN
0002-9343 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-y
OpenAlex
W2089151341
Cited by
624
References
42
FWCI
5.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-y
The paper
Petri, M., Perez-Gutthann, S., Spence, D., & Hochberg, M. C. (1992). Risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The American Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(92)90578-y

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.