Mate guarding, reproductive success and female choice in African elephants

Observational study of behavior: sampling methods

Altmann, J. (1974) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853974x00534 · Cited by 13,891

The descent of man and selection in relation to sex

チャールス, ダ., & 茂穂, 田. (1907) · Tokyo Jinrui Gakkai zasshi · doi:10.1537/ase1887.22.495 · Cited by 10,909

The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex

Darwin, C. R. (1871) · J. Murray eBooks · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.2092 · Cited by 4,168

Heritable True Fitness and Bright Birds: A Role for Parasites?

Hamilton, W. D., & Zuk, M. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7123238 · Cited by 3,733

Red Deer. Behavior and Ecology of Two Sexes

Watson, A., Clutton-Brock, T. H., GUINNESS, F. E., & Albon, S. D. (1983) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/4471 · Cited by 2,460

Female choice selects for extreme tail length in a widowbird

Andersson, M. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/299818a0 · Cited by 976

Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution

(1987) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400858149 · Cited by 917

The logical stag: Adaptive aspects of fighting in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)

Clutton-Brock, T. H., Albon, S. D., Gibson, R. M., & GUINNESS, F. E. (1979) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(79)90141-6 · Cited by 800

Male-male Competition and Reproductive Success in Elephant Seals

Bœuf, B. J. L. (1974) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/14.1.163 · Cited by 666

EVOLUTION OF CONDITION-DEPENDENT SEX ORNAMENTS AND MATING PREFERENCES: SEXUAL SELECTION BASED ON VIABILITY DIFFERENCES

Andersson, M. (1986) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1986.tb00540.x · Cited by 638

Tuskless bulls in Asian elephant Elephas maximus . History and population genetics of a man-made phenomenon

Kurt, F., Hartl, G. B., & Tiedemann, R. (1995) · ACTA THERIOLOGICA · doi:10.4098/at.arch.95-51 · Cited by 38

The red deer rut revisited: female excursions but no evidence females move to mate with preferred males

Stopher, K. V., Nussey, D. H., Clutton-Brock, T. H., GUINNESS, F. E., Morris, A., & Pemberton, J. M. (2011) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arr052 · Cited by 38

Musth, Sexual Selection, Testosterone, and Metabolites

Schulte, B. A., & Rasmussen, L. E. L. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4733-4_33 · Cited by 38

The influence of forage, protected areas, and mating prospects on grouping patterns of male elephants

Chiyo, P. I., Wilson, J. W., Archie, E. A., Lee, P. C., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2014) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/aru152 · Cited by 37

Behavioural and chemical confirmation of the preovulatory pheromone, (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, in wild Asian elephants: its relationship to musth

Rasmussen, L. E. L., Sukumar, R., & Krishnamurthy, V. (2005) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539053778300 · Cited by 36

Intrasexual chemical communication and social responses of captive female African elephants, Loxodonta africana

Meyer, J. M., Goodwin, T. E., & Schulte, B. A. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.12.019 · Cited by 36

Reproductive cycle of the elephant

Hildebrandt, T. B., Lüeders, I., Hermes, R. E., Göritz, F., & Saragusty, J. (2010) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.08.027 · Cited by 36

Reproductive evaluation of elephants culled in Kruger National Park, South Africa between 1975 and 1995

Freeman, E. W., Whyte, I. J., & Brown, J. L. (2008) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00957.x · Cited by 35

A sex skew in life-history research: the problem of missing males

Archer, C. R., Paniw, M., Vega‐Trejo, R., & Sepil, I. (2022) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2022.1117 · Cited by 28

EFFECTS OF RAINFALL, HOST DEMOGRAPHY, AND MUSTH ON STRONGYLE FECAL EGG COUNTS IN AFRICAN ELEPHANTS (LOXODONTA AFRICANA) IN NAMIBIA

Thurber, M. I., O'Connell‐Rodwell, C. E., Turner, W. C., Nambandi, K., Kinzley, C., Rodwell, T. C., Faulkner, C. T., Felt, S. A., & Bouley, D. M. (2011) · Journal of Wildlife Diseases · doi:10.7589/0090-3558-47.1.172 · Cited by 29

Male African elephants (Loxodonta africana) queue when the stakes are high

O'Connell‐Rodwell, C. E., WOOD, J. D., Kinzley, C., Rodwell, T. C., Alarcón, C. N., Wasser, S. K., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2011) · Ethology Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1080/03949370.2011.598569 · Cited by 29

Effects of poaching on bull mating success in a free ranging African elephant (Loxodonta africana) population in Tarangire National Park, Tanzania

Ishengoma, D. S., Shedlock, A. M., Foley, C., Foley, L. J., Wasser, S. K., Balthazary, S. T., & Mutayoba, B. M. (2007) · Conservation Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10592-007-9332-0 · Cited by 29

Musth and sexual selection in elephants: a review of signalling properties and potential fitness consequences

LaDue, C. A., Schulte, B. A., Kiso, W. K., & Freeman, E. W. (2021) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-bja10120 · Cited by 30

Musth and its effects on male–male and male–female associations in Asian elephants

Keerthipriya, P., Nandini, S., Gautam, H., Revathe, T., & Vidya, T. N. C. (2019) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyz190 · Cited by 28

Effects of male age and female presence on male associations in a large, polygynous mammal in Southern India: the Asian elephant

Keerthipriya, P., Nandini, S., & Vidya, T. N. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.616666 · Cited by 27

CONTROL OF MUSTH IN AN ASIAN ELEPHANT BULL (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS) USING LEUPROLIDE ACETATE

de Oliveira, C. A., West, G. D., Houck, R., & Leblanc, M. (2004) · Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine · doi:10.1638/02-091 · Cited by 27

Elephant are not beetles: implications of the ivory trade for the survival of the African elephant

Poole, J. H., & Thomsen, J. B. (1989) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605300023012 · Cited by 27

Estrous state influences on investigative, aggressive, and tail flicking behavior in captive female Asian elephants

Slade, B. E., Rasmussen, L. E. L., & Schulte, B. A. (2008) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20181 · Cited by 26

REPRODUCTIVE CONTROL OF ELEPHANTS

Bertschinger, H. J., Delsink, A., Altena, J. J. V., Kirkpatrick, J. F., Killian, H., Ganswindt, A., Slotow, R., & Castley, J. G. (2008) · Wits University Press eBooks · doi:10.18772/22008034792.17 · Cited by 25

Estrous female goats use testosterone-dependent cues to assess mates

Longpre, K. M., & Katz, L. S. (2010) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.10.014 · Cited by 25

Infrasonic and Seismic Communication in the Vertebrates with Special Emphasis on the Afrotheria: An Update and Future Directions

Narins, P. M., Stoeger, A. S., & O'Connell‐Rodwell, C. E. (2016) · Springer handbook of auditory research · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27721-9_7 · Cited by 24

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Injured Elephants in Masai Mara and the Putative Negative and Positive Roles of the Local Community

Mijele, D., Obanda, V., Omondi, P., Soriguer, R. C., Gakuya, F., Otiende, M. Y., Hongo, P., & Alasaad, S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071179 · Cited by 24

Facilitating the social behaviour of bull elephants in zoos

Hartley, M., Wood, A., & Yon, L. (2019) · International Zoo Yearbook · doi:10.1111/izy.12245 · Cited by 24

Why Do African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) Simulate Oestrus? An Analysis of Longitudinal Data

Bates, L. A., Handford, R., Lee, P. C., Njiraini, N., Poole, J. H., Sayialel, K. N., Sayialel, S., Moss, C. J., & Byrne, R. W. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010052 · Cited by 24

Female strategies of harassment reduction in southern elephant seals

Galimberti, F., Boitani, L., & Marzetti, I. (2000) · Ethology Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1080/08927014.2000.9522793 · Cited by 24

Sexual Conflict in Nonhuman Primates

Palombit, R. A. (2014) · Advances in the study of behavior · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800286-5.00005-5 · Cited by 23

Behavioral characterization of musth in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus): Defining progressive stages of male sexual behavior in in-situ and ex-situ populations

LaDue, C. A., Vandercone, R. P. G., Kiso, W. K., & Freeman, E. W. (2022) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105639 · Cited by 22

African and Asian Elephant Vocal Communication: A Cross-Species Comparison

Stoeger, A. S., & de Silva, S. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7414-8_3 · Cited by 22

Reproductive Endocrinology and Musth Indicators in a Captive Asian Elephant ( Elephas maximus )

Duer, C., Tomasi, T., & Abramson, C. I. (2016) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/0033294116667092 · Cited by 22

Estrous synchrony in a group of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) under human care

Weissenböck, N. M., Schwammer, H. M., & Ruf, T. (2008) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.07.003 · Cited by 21

LACK OF SPATIAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION APPLICATION IN AFRICAN ELEPHANTS (LOXODONTA AFRICANA)

Delsink, A., Kirkpatrick, J., Altena, J. V. V., Bertschinger, H., Ferreira, S., & Slotow, R. (2013) · Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine · doi:10.1638/1042-7260-44.4s.s52 · Cited by 21

Sexual dimorphism in the performance of chemosensory investigatory behaviours by African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Loizi, H., Goodwin, T. E., Rasmussen, Whitehouse, A. M., & Schulte, B. A. (2009) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853909x410964 · Cited by 21

Paternity analysis of two male mating tactics in the fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi

Reaney, L. T., Maurer, G., Backwell, P. R. Y., & Linde, C. C. (2012) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-012-1349-9 · Cited by 20

Interplay of male traits, male mating strategies and female mate choice in the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus

Chelliah, K., & Sukumar, R. (2015) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-00003271 · Cited by 20

Sexual aggression in mammals

Cassini, M. H. (2020) · Mammal Review · doi:10.1111/mam.12228 · Cited by 20

Concomitant Assessment of Depth of Sedation by Changes in Bispectral Index and Changes in Autonomic Variables (Heart Rate and/or BP) in Pediatric Critically Ill Patients Receiving Neuromuscular Blockade

Trope, R. M., Silver, P. C., & Sagy, M. (2005) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.128.1.303 · Cited by 21

Fecal 20-oxo-pregnane concentrations in free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana) treated with porcine zona pellucida vaccine

Ahlers, M. J., Ganswindt, A., Muenscher, S., & Bertschinger, H. J. (2012) · Theriogenology · doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.01.023 · Cited by 20

Some Preliminary Evidence of the Social Facilitation of Mounting Behavior in a Juvenile Bull Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

Rees, P. A. (2004) · Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science · doi:10.1207/s15327604jaws0701_3 · Cited by 20

Ovarian cycle activity varies with respect to age and social status in free-ranging elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa

Freeman, E. W., Meyer, J. M., Putman, S. B., Schulte, B. A., & Brown, J. L. (2013) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/cot025 · Cited by 20

Normalized difference vegetation index, temperature and age affect faecal thyroid hormone concentrations in free-ranging African elephants

Szott, I. D., Pretorius, Y., Ganswindt, A., & Koyama, N. F. (2020) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/coaa010 · Cited by 19

Acknowledging the Relevance of Elephant Sensory Perception to Human–Elephant Conflict Mitigation

Ball, R., Jacobson, S. L., Rudolph, M. S., Trapani, M. R., & Plotnik, J. M. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12081018 · Cited by 21

Does age matter in song bird vocal interactions? Results from interactive playback experiments

Kiefer, S., Scharff, C., & Kipper, S. (2011) · Frontiers in Zoology · doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-29 · Cited by 19

Assessing chemical communication in elephants

Schulte, B. A., Bagley, K. R., Correll, M. D., Gray, A., Heineman, S. M., Loizi, H., Malament, M., Scott, N. L., Slade, B. E., Stanley, L., et al. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-25160-x_18 · Cited by 19

Investigating temporary acyclicity in a captive group of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus): relationship between management, adrenal activity and social factors

Edwards, K. L., Trotter, J., Jones, M., Brown, J. L., Steinmetz, H. W., & Walker, S. L. (2016) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.09.011 · Cited by 18

Knowledge transmission, culture and the consequences of social disruption in wild elephants

Bates, L. A., Fishlock, V. L., Plotnik, J. M., de Silva, S., & Shannon, G. (2025) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2024.0132 · Cited by 23

The impact of male contraception on dominance hierarchy and herd association patterns of African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) in a fenced game reserve

Doughty, L. S., Slater, K., Zitzer, H. R., Avent, T., & Thompson, S. (2014) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2014.08.004 · Cited by 18

Behavioral indices of estrus in a group of captive African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Ortolani, A., Leong, K. M., Graham, L., & Savage, A. (2005) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20053 · Cited by 18

Behavioural ecology of 'hand‐reared' African elephants (Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach)) in Tsavo East National Park, Kenya

McKnight, B. L. (1995) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1995.tb00802.x · Cited by 18

Effects of reproductive and social context on vocal communication in captive female African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Leong, K. M., Burks, K. D., Rizkalla, C. E., & Savage, A. (2005) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20063 · Cited by 18

Characterization of Longitudinal Testosterone, Cortisol, and Musth in Male Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus), Effects of Aging, and Adrenal Responses to Social Changes and Health Events

Glaeser, S. S., Edwards, K. L., Paris, S., Scarlata, C. D., Lee, B., Wielebnowski, N. C., Finnell, S., Somgird, C., & Brown, J. L. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12101332 · Cited by 18

Fine‐scale group structure and demography of African savanna elephants recolonizing lands outside protected areas

Ahlering, M., Maldonado, J. E., Fleischer, R. C., Western, D., & Eggert, L. S. (2012) · Diversity and Distributions · doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00896.x · Cited by 17

Male mate guarding increases females' predation risk? A case study on tandem oviposition in the damselflyCoenagrion puella(Insecta: Odonata)

Zeiss, C., Martens, A., & Rolff, J. (1999) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z99-050 · Cited by 17

Chemosensory Behavior and Development of African Male Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)

Bagley, K. R. (2004) · Cited by 17

Role of Sound Communication in Mating of Malaysian Callosciurus (Sciuridae)

Tamura, N. (1993) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1382404 · Cited by 17

Development of Chemosensory Behaviors in African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana) and Male Responses to Female Urinary Compounds

Loizi, H. (2004) · Cited by 17

Ecological and Biochemical Constraints on Pheromonal Signaling Systems in Asian Elephants and Their Evolutionary Implications

Rasmussen, L. E. L., & Schulte, B. A. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4733-4_3 · Cited by 16

Behavior and Social Life

Schulte, B. A. (2006) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470344484.ch4 · Cited by 16

Chemical analysis of preovulatory female african elephant urine: A search for putative pheromones

Goodwin, T. E., Rasmussen, L. E. L., Schulte, B. A., Brown, P. A., Davis, B. L., Dill, W. M., Dowdy, N. C., Hicks, A. R., Morshedi, R. G., Mwanza, D., et al. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-25160-x_17 · Cited by 15

Female copulation calls vary with male ejaculation in captive olive baboons

Vaglio, S., Ducroix, L., Villanueva, M. R., Consiglio, R., Kim, A. J., Neilands, P., Stucky, K., & Lameira, A. R. (2020) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-bja10024 · Cited by 14

Experience Matters: Females Use Smell to Select Experienced Males for Paternal Care

Fletcher, N., Storey, E. J., Johnson, M. L., Reish, D. J., & Hardege, J. D. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007672 · Cited by 14

Strategies, costs and counter‐strategies to sexual coercion

Smit, N. (2025) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.70013 · Cited by 14

Sounds of senescence: male swamp sparrows respond less aggressively to the songs of older individuals

Zipple, M. N., Peters, S. S., Searcy, W. A., & Nowicki, S. (2019) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arz218 · Cited by 13

Courtship and behavioral maturation of male mouflons

Bon, R., Recarte, J. M., Gonzalez, G., & Cugnasse, J. M. (1995) · ACTA THERIOLOGICA · doi:10.4098/at.arch.95-26 · Cited by 12

Mate choice and competition for mates in the boat-tailed grackle

Poston, J. P. (1997) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1996.0447 · Cited by 12

Mating calls are a sensitive indicator of phylogenetic relationships in tropical tree squirrels (Callosciurus spp.)

Tamura, N., Boonkhaw, P., Prayoon, U., Kanchanasaka, B., & Hayashi, F. (2018) · Mammalian Biology · doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2018.05.006 · Cited by 11

Sexual Dimorphic Social Development and Female Intrasexual Chemical Signaling of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Meyer, J. M. (2006) · Cited by 11

MALE REPRODUCTIVE TACTICS AND FEMALE CHOICE IN THE SOLITARY, PROMISCUOUS BRIDLED NAILTAIL WALLABY (ONYCHOGALEA FRAENATA)

Sigg, D. P., & Goldizen, A. W. (2006) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/05-mamm-a-298r1.1 · Cited by 11

The impact of competition on elephant musth strategies: A game–theoretic model

Wyse, J. M., Hardy, I. C. W., Yon, L., & Mesterton‐Gibbons, M. (2017) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.01.025 · Cited by 11

Estrus Cycle Monitoring in Wild Mammals: Challenges and Perspectives

Silva, A. R., Moreira, N., Pereira, A. F., Peixoto, G. C. X., Maia, K. M., Campos, L. B., & Borges, A. A. (2017) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.69444 · Cited by 11

Determinants of Conflict Outcomes

Hamilton, W. J., & McNutt, J. W. (1997) · Perspectives in ethology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1745-4_7 · Cited by 11

Cognitive Abilities in Elephants

Bates, L. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108131797.003 · Cited by 10

Effects of Host Demography, Season and Rainfall on the Prevalence and Parasitic Load of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Free-Living Elephants (Loxodonta africana) of the Chad Basin National Park, Nigeria

Mbaya, A. W., Ogwiji, M., & Kumshe, H. A. (2013) · Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.3923/pjbs.2013.1152.1158 · Cited by 10

Elephant Social Systems: What Do We Know and How Have Molecular Tools Helped?

Athira, T. K., & Vidya, T. N. C. (2021) · Journal of the Indian Institute of Science · doi:10.1007/s41745-021-00226-4 · Cited by 10

Social and Seasonal Factors Contribute to Shifts in Male African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Foraging and Activity Patterns in Kruger National Park, South Africa

du Plessis, K., Ganswindt, S., Bertschinger, H., Crossey, B., Henley, M., Ramahlo, M., & Ganswindt, A. (2021) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11113070 · Cited by 14

The behaviour and fate of translocated bull African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) into a novel environment

Tiller, L. N., King, L. E., Okita‐Ouma, B., Lala, F., Pope, F., Douglas‐Hamilton, I., & Thouless, C. R. (2022) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/aje.13038 · Cited by 10

Scars of human–elephant conflict: patterns inferred from field observations of Asian elephants in Sri Lanka

LaDue, C. A., Vandercone, R. P. G., Kiso, W. K., & Freeman, E. W. (2021) · Wildlife Research · doi:10.1071/wr20175 · Cited by 11

Sexually Dimorphic Developmental Patterns of Chemosensory Behaviors in African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)

Vyas, D. K. (2006) · Cited by 10

Age Effects on Social and Investigative Behaviors in a Closed Population of African Elephants

Merte, C. (2006) · Cited by 10

Everyone matters: identification with facial wrinkles allows more accurate inference of elephant social dynamics

Chui, S. Y. S., & Karczmarski, L. (2022) · Mammalian Biology · doi:10.1007/s42991-022-00257-z · Cited by 9

Intersexual ‘Arms Race’ and the Evolution of the Sphragis inPteronymiaButterflies

Carvalho, A. P. S., Mota, L. L., & Kawahara, A. Y. (2019) · Insect Systematics and Diversity · doi:10.1093/isd/ixy021 · Cited by 9

Paternity control for externally fertilised eggs: behavioural mechanisms in the waterfrog species complex

Lengagne, T., & Joly, P. B. (2010) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-010-0934-z · Cited by 9

Sex, science and satisfaction: A heady brew

Allen, W. R. T. (2010) · Animal Reproduction Science · doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.04.178 · Cited by 9

A stochastic simulation model for Asian elephant Elephas maximus populations and the inheritance of tusks

Tiedemann, R., & Kurt, F. (1995) · ACTA THERIOLOGICA · doi:10.4098/at.arch.95-50 · Cited by 9

Postcopulatory song as a mate-guarding tactic in the Pacific field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus

Hagg, L., LaMere, C. J., & Zuk, M. (2023) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.11.001 · Cited by 8

Social play in African savannah elephants may inform selection against aggression

Norscia, I., Hecker, M., Caselli, M., Collarini, E., Aldama, B. G., Santos, S. B., & Cordoni, G. (2024) · Current Zoology · doi:10.1093/cz/zoae009 · Cited by 7

Monitoring Behaviour in African Elephants during Introduction into a New Group: Differences between Related and Unrelated Animals

Hörner, F., Oerke, A.-K., Müller, D. W. H., Westerhüs, U., Azogu-Sepe, I., Hruby, J., & Preisfeld, G. (2021) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11102990 · Cited by 8

Male African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Behavioral Responses to Estrous Call Playbacks May Inform Conservation Management Tools

O'Connell‐Rodwell, C. E., Sandri, M. N., Berezin, J. L., Munevar, J. M., Kinzley, C., WOOD, J. D., Wiśniewska, M., & Kilian, J. W. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12091162 · Cited by 8

Strategies of protected area use by Asian elephants in relation to motivational state and social affiliations

Madsen, A. E., Minge, C., Pushpakumara, T. V., Weerathunga, U. S., Padmalal, U. K. G. K., Weerakoon, D. K., & de Silva, S. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-22989-1 · Cited by 8

Are female tree agamas (Acanthocercus atricollis atricollis) turned on by males or resources?

Reaney, L. T., & Whiting, M. J. (2003) · Ethology Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1080/08927014.2003.9522687 · Cited by 8

Mate Choice in Female Red‐necked Pademelons, Thylogale thetis (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea)

Radford, S. L., Croft, D. B., & Moss, G. L. (1998) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00064.x · Cited by 8

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION AND MUSTH IN CAPTIVE MALE ELEPHANTS

Scott, N. L. (2002) · doi:10.13140/2.1.1175.9680 · Cited by 8

Putative origin and maternal relatedness of male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) recently stranded in the North Sea

Autenrieth, M., Ernst, A., Deaville, R., Demaret, F., IJsseldijk, L. L., Siebert, U., & Tiedemann, R. (2017) · Mammalian Biology · doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2017.09.003 · Cited by 7

Vasectomies of male African elephants as a population management tool: A case study

Zitzer, H. R., & Boult, V. L. (2018) · Bothalia · doi:10.4102/abc.v48i2.2313 · Cited by 7

Exaggerated male legs increase mating success by reducing disturbance to females in the cave wētā Pachyrhamma waitomoensis

Fea, M. P., & Holwell, G. I. (2018) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.0401 · Cited by 7

African elephant genetics: enigmas and anomalies$$^\dagger $$

Roca, A. L. (2019) · Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1007/s12041-019-1125-y · Cited by 7

The social structure, distribution and demographic status of the African elephant population in the Central Limpopo River Valley of Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa

Selier, J. (2008) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · Cited by 7

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Asian and African Elephants: A Systematic Review

Qurratul-Saadah, Z. (2023) · Tropical biomedicine · doi:10.47665/tb.40.1.012 · Cited by 6

FEMALE MATE CHOICE IN NONHUMAN MAMMALS

Charlton, B. D. (2008) · Figshare · Cited by 6

Successful Genotyping of Microsatellites in the Woolly Mammoth

Ishida, Y., Roca, A. L., Fratpietro, S., & Greenwood, A. D. (2012) · Journal of Heredity · doi:10.1093/jhered/esr139 · Cited by 6

Examining Human-Elephant Conflict in Southern Africa: Causes and Options for Coexistence

Warner, M. (2008) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania) · Cited by 6

Age, musth and paternity success in wild male African elephants, Loxodonta africana

Hollister‐Smith, J. A., Poole, J. H., Archie, E. A., Vance, E. A., Georgiadis, N. J., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2007) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.12.008 · Cited by 159

Oestrous Behaviour and Female Choice in the African Elephant

Moss, C. J. (1983) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853983x00354 · Cited by 152

Interplay of male traits, male mating strategies and female mate choice in the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus

Chelliah, K., & Sukumar, R. (2015) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-00003271 · Cited by 20

Age- and tactic-related paternity success in male African elephants

Rasmussen, H. B., Okello, J. B. A., Wittemyer, G., SIEGISMUND, H. R., Arctander, P., Vollrath, F. W., & Douglas‐Hamilton, I. (2007) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arm093 · Cited by 66

Age- and tactic-related paternity success in male African elephants H.B. Rasmussen,a,b,c J.B.A. Okello,d G. Wittemyer,c,e H.R. Siegismund,b P. Arctander,b

Vollrath, F., & Douglas-hamiltonc, I. (2014)