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Cited by 69Circadian rhythm and melatoninNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

Suprachiasmatic neurons in tissue slices from ovariectomized rats: electrophysiological and neuropharmacological characterization and the effects of estrogen treatment

Kow, Lee-Ming, Pfaff, Donald W.·1984·Brain Research
DOI 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90568-7
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Abstract

Single-unit activity and unit responses to putative neurotransmitters were recorded from suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons in brain tissue slices from ovariectomized rats either treated or untreated with estrogen. Altogether, 204 units were studied from estrogen-treated and untreated preparations, and at the resting state, 37% of these units fired regularly, 57% fired irregularly, and 6% were silent but evokable by electrical stimulation. Most of the irregular units fired continuously (n = 100), while the rest fired intermittently (n = 12) or phasically (n = 4). Neurons with different types of firing patterns also varied significantly in resting firing rate and in responsiveness to transmitters and to estrogen treatment. The average resting firing rate decreased significantly from regular, irregular and continuous, intermittent, to silent units. Acetylcholine (ACh) and/or serotonin (5-HT) injected directly into the perfusion chamber evoked responses from more irregular (69% of 61 units) than regular units (20% of 46 units). None of the 5 silent units tested was activated by ACh or 5-HT. Responses to ACh (predominantly inhibitory) and 5-HT (predominantly excitatory) seen here in vitro were opposite to those observed in vivo with iontophoretic application, and were not reversed or abolished by the blockade of synaptic transmission. Comparisons of data between the two types of preparations showed that only the responsiveness of the irregular units to ACh and to 5-HT were significantly different: both types of responsiveness were higher in estrogen-treated than in untreated preparations. No significant difference was found in the responsiveness of regular units, or in firing patterns or firing rate. Thus, the present in vitro studies have demonstrated that SCN contains a heterogeneous population of neurons distinguishable by their electrophysiological and neuropharmacological characteristics, and that estrogen has a specific action on specific types of SCN neurons.

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  • In females, estrogen increases the sensitivity of SCN neurons to the neurotransmitter 5-HT.

    “In females, estrogen increases the sensitivity of SCN neurons to the neurotransmitter 5-HT [96], which conveys photic information from the raphe nuclei.”

    From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [96]

  • In females, gonadal hormones can increase the sensitivity of the SCN to cholinergic inputs.

    “In females gonadal hormones can also increase the sensitivity of the SCN to cholinergic inputs (ACh; [96, 117, 118]), which are thought to potentially mediate the influence of cognition (sustained attention) on chronotype [63].”

    From The neuroendocrine control of the circadian system: Adolescent chronotype (2012) · cites this paper as [96]

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Authors
Kow, L.-M., & Pfaff, D. W.
Affiliations
Rockefeller University (US)
Corresponding author
Kow, Lee-Ming
ORCID
Venue
Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1984-04
Volume
297
Issue
2
Pages
275-286
ISSN
0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0006-8993(84)90568-7
OpenAlex
W2009308275
Cited by
69
References
42
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Brain Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Rockefeller Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords
suprachiasmatic nucleus, ovariectomy, estrogen, acetylcholine, serotonin, neuronal firing patterns, neuronal heterogeneity, circadian rhythm, single-unit activity
MeSH terms
Acetylcholine, Animals, Atropine, Castration, Circadian Rhythm, Electric Stimulation, Estradiol, Evoked Potentials, Female, Hippocampus, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Serotonin, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Culture Techniques, Rats

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