The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The TRACE model of speech perception
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Perception of the speech code.
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Shankweiler, D. P., & Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0020279 · Cited by 3,722
On the time relations of mental processes: An examination of systems of processes in cascade.
McClelland, J. L. (1979) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.86.4.287 · Cited by 1,298
Self-citationAuditory and phonetic memory codes in the discrimination of consonants and vowels
Pisoni, D. B. (1973) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03214136 · Cited by 608
Reaction times to comparisons within and across phonetic categories
Pisoni, D. B., & Tash, J. (1974) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03213946 · Cited by 418
Context-sensitive coding, associative memory, and serial order in (speech) behavior.
Wickelgran, W. A. (1969) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0026823 · Cited by 376
Categorical and noncategorical modes of speech perception along the voicing continuum
Pisoni, D. B., & Lazarus, J. H. (1974) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/1.1914506 · Cited by 206
Cited by
The cortical organization of speech processing
Hickok, G., & Poeppel, D. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2113 · Cited by 5,495
Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains.
Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., & Patterson, K. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.1.56 · Cited by 2,698
Self-citationToward a mechanistic psychology of dialogue.
Pickering, M. J., & Garrod, S. (2004) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x04000056 · Cited by 2,678
Hickok, G., & Poeppel, D. (2004) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.011 · Cited by 2,212
The time course of perceptual choice: The leaky, competing accumulator model.
Usher, M., & McClelland, J. L. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.3.550 · Cited by 2,152
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- McClelland, J. L., & Elman, J. L.
- Venue
- Cognitive Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1986-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-86
- ISSN
- 0010-0285 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135704565
- Cited by
- 2,956
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 29.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The TRACE model of speech perception. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0010-0285(86)90015-0
- The paper
- McClelland, J. L., & Elman, J. L. (1986). The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(86)90015-0
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
