Effect of two oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and gestodene or norgestimate upon androgen parameters and serum binding proteins
Abstract
The effect of a triphasic oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and gestodene (EE/GSD) on various serum hormonal parameters was compared with that of a monophasic formulation containing 35 micrograms ethinylestradiol and 250 micrograms norgestimate (EE/NGM). Blood samples were collected from 46 women on days 2, 11, and 21 of the preceding control cycle and of the third, sixth and twelfth treatment cycle. There was no significant difference in the influence on any hormonal parameter between both formulations. Both EE/GSD and EE/NGM caused a time-dependent suppression of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) by 20-30% (p < 0.01) and a reduction of 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol glucuronide by 50-60% (p < 0.01) during each treatment cycle, while androstenedione levels were reduced by 25% (p < 0.01). There was also a significant decrease in the levels of total testosterone by 30-35% (p < 0.01) and free testosterone by 60% (p < 0.01), while sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was increased by 200-240% on days 11 and 21 (p < 0.01). During the pill-free interval the SHBG levels were reduced to a certain degree but remained elevated by 100% as compared to the pretreatment values. The serum levels of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) which is known to be influenced only by the estrogenic component of combination pills, increased significantly by 170% (p < 0.01) during each treatment cycle. During the pill-free interval of 7 days, the CBG levels decreased but were still elevated by 90-100% as compared to the control cycle. Similarly, the serum levels of cortisol were significantly elevated by 110-140% (p < 0.01) during treatment with both preparations. The results demonstrate a profound suppression of androgen levels and peripheral androgen metabolism.
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The COC-induced increase of CBG plateaus after just over a week of COC use and weans off 4 to 6 weeks after discontinuation.
“This COC-induced increase of CBG plateaus after just over a week of COC use and weans off 4 to 6 weeks after discontinuation (11, 13-17).”
From Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone Can Circumvent Confounding Effects of Oral Contraceptives in the Short Synacthen Test (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Wiegratz, I., Jung-Hoffmann, C., & Kuhl, H.
- Affiliations
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Venue
- Contraception
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-06
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 341-346
- ISSN
- 0010-7824 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114015377
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Contraception (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- oral contraceptives, ethinyl estradiol, gestodene, norgestimate, androgen deprivation therapy, sex hormone-binding globulin, corticosteroid-binding globulin, testosterone, free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, cortisol, androgen metabolism, serum binding proteins
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Androgens, Androstenedione, Carrier Proteins, Contraceptives, Oral, Contraceptives, Oral, Combined, Corticosterone, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Ethinyl Estradiol, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Norgestrel, Norpregnenes, Radioimmunoassay, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Androstane-3,17-diol, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, Estradiol Congeners
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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