The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Components of the movement-related cortical potential and their scalp topography
Abstract
In order to clarify the significance of the various components of the movement-related cortical potentials, scalp-recorded potential changes associated with voluntary, self-paced middle finger flexion and extension were studied by an opisthochronic averaging program in 14 normal right-handed subjects. Topographical study, based on 14 simultaneously recorded and averaged EEG channels, enabled us to identify at least 8 components; 4 pre-motion and 4 post-motion. The pre-motion components are the Beretischaftspotential (BP) (a symmetric early negative shift), NS'(-500 to -90) (a negative slope maximal over the contralateral precentral region and culminating in N-90 ipsilaterally), P-50 (corresponding to the pre-motion positivity, PMP), and N-10 (probably corresponding to the motor potential, MP). The post-motion components include N+50 (a sharp negative post-motion activity over the contralateral frontal region), P+90, N+160 (presumably representing sensory functions) and P+300 (a large positivity maximal over the contralateral precentral region but widely distributed).
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“It has been suggested that the RAP represents reafferent sensory information following movement production24, potentially generated in the motor cortex30.”
From Event-related potentials of automatic imitation are modulated by ethnicity during stimulus processing, but not during motor execution (2018) · cites this paper as [24]
Citations
Cites
The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900
Kornhuber, H. H., & Deecke, L. (1965) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00412364 · Cited by 1,902
Voluntary finger movement in man: Cerebral potentials and theory
Deecke, L., Gr�zinger, B., & Kornhuber, H. H. (1976) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/bf00336013 · Cited by 757
Deecke, L., Scheid, P., & Kornhuber, H. (1969) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00235441 · Cited by 748
Topography of the human motor potential
Vaughan, H. G., Costa, L. D., & Ritter, W. (1968) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(68)90080-1 · Cited by 450
Projection from low‐threshold muscle afferents of hand and forearm to area 3a of baboon's cortex
Phillips, C. G., Powell, T. P. S., & Wiesendanger, M. (1971) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009579 · Cited by 373
Summated human EEG potentials with voluntary movement
Gilden, L., Vaughan, H. G., & Costa, L. D. (1966) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(66)90100-3 · Cited by 292
Attention, Voluntary Contraction and Event-Related Cerebral Potentials
Desmedt, J. E. (1977) · Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) · Cited by 205
Projection from area 3a to the motor cortex by neurons activated from group I muscle afferents
Zarzecki, P., Shinoda, Y., & Asanuma, H. (1978) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00238065 · Cited by 120
Cortical potentials associated with voluntary movements in the monkey
Arezzo, J. C., & Vaughan, H. G. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90954-3 · Cited by 113
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Deecke, 1973, Human brain potentials preceding voluntary limb movements, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 87
- Hillyard, 1973, The CNV and human behaviour. A review, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 161
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–584 of 584
Human EEG Potentials before Express Saccades
Moiseeva, V. V., Shul'govsky, V. V., & Slavutskaya, M. V. (2008) · Activitas Nervosa Superior · doi:10.1007/bf03379551 · Cited by 1
Neurophysiological adaptations to resistance training and repetitive grasping
Falvo, M. (2010) · Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) · doi:10.7936/k7f769n6 · Cited by 1
Event-related evoked potentials in the definition of eloquent cortical areas
(2003) · Handbook of clinical neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1567-4231(03)03025-9 · Cited by 1
Changes in Inter-Cortical Correlation of Electroencephalograph in Motor Learning Process.
Kimura, T., Fujiwara, T., Nishimura, N., Ohira, M., Yanagihashi, R., & Oshita, S. (1999) · Journal of Physical Therapy Science · doi:10.1589/jpts.11.87 · Cited by 1
Human Cerebral Cortex Initiation Potentials Preceding Memory-Guided Saccades
Slavutskaya, M. V., Moiseeva, V., Fonsova, N., & Шульговский, В. В. (2011) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-011-9430-9 · Cited by 1
Brain activity related to abandonment of motor intention in point-to-point finger movement
Tokiwa, T., Fukuda, H., & Hiwaki, O. (2013) · International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering · doi:10.1109/ner.2013.6695970 · Cited by 1
Brown, C. R., Barry, R. J., & Clarke, A. R. (2009) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.08.010 · Cited by 1
Salmon, E. (2013) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) · Cited by 1
Measurement of readiness potential of involuntary movement.
NISHIGAI, S., Hayasaka, Y., YAMAZAKI, K., & OKAMOTO, K. (2000) · Journal of Advanced Science · doi:10.2978/jsas.12.53 · Cited by 1
Perspectives on the experience of will
Rigoni, D., Sammicheli, L., & Braß, M. (2011) · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) · Cited by 1
Brain–computer interface technologies for monitoring and control of bionic systems
Berestov, R. M., Bobkov, E. A., Belov, V., & Nevedin, A. V. (2021) · Journal of Physics, Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2058/1/012030
122a. Multiple subpial transections
Harkness, W. F. J. (2008) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780203091708-132 · Cited by 1
Bianco, V., Sarrias-Arrabal, E., Vázquez-Marrufo, M., & Russo, F. D. (2023) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3545-2_3 · Cited by 1
Slow Negative Potentials during Problem-Solving
Kadobayashi, I., Toyoshima, A., Nakamura, M., & Kato, N. (1982) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1982.tb00255.x · Cited by 1
Load effect on background rhythms during motor execution: A magnetoencephalographic study
Toyoshima, T., Yazawa, S., Murahara, T., Ishiguro, M., Shinozaki, J., Ichihara‐Takeda, S., Shiraishi, H., Matsuhashi, M., Shimohama, S., & Nagamine, T. (2016) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/j.neures.2016.06.002 · Cited by 1
Motor command detection for a repetitive facilitation exercise assistance system
Miura, S., Takazawa, J., Kobayashi, Y., & Fujie, M. G. (2017) · IEEE International Conference on Real-time Computing and Robotics (RCAR) · doi:10.1109/rcar.2017.8311872 · Cited by 1
MOVEMENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIALS
Синицкая, Е. Ю., & Gribanov, A. V. (2014) · Экология человека · doi:10.17816/humeco17274 · Cited by 1
Cr, M., Kamarajan, C., & Padmanabhapillai, A. (2019) · Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.15406/jpcpy.2019.10.00659 · Cited by 1
Naturalizing the context for interpreting SMA function
Scholz, J. P., Turvey, M. T., & Kelso, J. A. S. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045271 · Cited by 1
Moiseeva, V., Slavutskaya, M. V., & Шульговский, В. В. (2004) · Human Physiology · doi:10.1023/b:hump.0000049578.28464.fb · Cited by 1
A prelude to the Goldberg variations on motor organization
Brown, J. W. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045179 · Cited by 1
Systems and system interactions
Gray, J. A. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045209 · Cited by 1
KOBAYASHI, R., Homma, I., & Iikura, Y. (2002) · The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.15369/sujms1989.14.161 · Cited by 1
Cassvan, A., Pease, W. S., MacLean, I. C., Ma, D. M., & Johnson, E. W. (1987) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/0003-9993(87)90006-2 · Cited by 1
EEG During Pedaling: Brain Activity During a Locomotion-Like Task in Humans
Jain, S. G. (2009) · e-Publications@Marquette (Marquette University) · Cited by 1
A Neuropsychophysiological Approach to Specific Developmental Learning Disabilities
Chiarenza, G. A. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-75342-8_8
Mayer, M., Bötzel, K., Plendl, H., Proeckel, D., Danek, A., & Paulus, W. (1995) · Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-9415-7_35
Hierarchical error processing during motor control
Krigolson, O. E. (2007) · UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)
Movement-Related Cortical Potentials Associated with Oral and Facial Functions in Humans
Nakajima, I., Schunichi, O., Ohba, H., & Yoshida, M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/25860
Chapter 3 EEG (MEG)/EMG correlation
Shibasaki, H., & Nagamine, T. (2003) · Handbook of clinical neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1567-4231(09)70151-0
Self-citationEvent-Related Potential due to vocalization of a single syllable in Down syndrome
Yazawa, N., Shoji, H., Gunji, A., & Ozaki, H. (2004) · International Congress Series · doi:10.1016/j.ics.2004.04.095
Effect of EMG onset variation on average motor potentials
Greeley, H. P. (1983) · Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0143-0815/4/2/009
Iwatsuki, H. (2000) · Journal of Physical Therapy Science · doi:10.1589/jpts.12.39
Lukhanina, E. P., In, K., Мельник, Н. А., & Berezetskaya, N. M. (2008) · Neurophysiology · doi:10.1007/s11062-008-9038-z
Neafsey, E. J. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045234
Трошина, Е. М. (1990) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf01268106
Tokiwa, T., Ishimaru, N., Fukuda, H., & Hiwaki, O. (2013) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc.2013.6611012
Changes in cortical negative potential associated with local anesthetization of apex of tooth root
Uchida, A., Yoshida, M., & Yamaguchi, T. (2006) · Pediatric Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/s0917-2394(06)70058-1
Abnormal movement-related cortical potential in patients with subcortical heterotopia
Lu, M., Chang, F., Yang, Y.-W., Lin, Y., Lee, C.-C., & Tsai, C. (2006) · Brain and Development · doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2006.03.010
Louvel, J., Turak, B., & Buser, P. (2009) · Neurophysiologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2009.06.008
Where there is a ‘will,’ there is a way (to understand it)
Goldberg, G. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045325
Yoshida, M., Uchida, A., & Yamaguchi, T. (2006) · Pediatric Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/s0917-2394(06)70059-3
Medial versus lateral motor control
Weinrich, M. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00045301
Brain Activity Related to Abandonment of Motor Intention in Point-to-Point Finger Movement
Tokiwa, T., Fukuda, H., & Hiwaki, O. (2015) · Journal of Signal Processing · doi:10.2299/jsp.19.27
Basic Functions and Clinical Applications
Nagamine, T., & Matsuhashi, M. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55729-6_2
Kimura, J. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199738687.003.0020
CNP is affected by the chewing strength
Yoshida, M., Uchida, Y., & Yamaguchi, T. (2006) · Pediatric Dental Journal · doi:10.11411/pdj.16.11
Electrodiagnosis. 4. Central Evoked Potentials
Cassvan, A., Pease, W. S., MacLean, I. C., Ma, D. M., & Johnson, E. W. (1987)
Smith, A. (2009) · UWSpace (University of Waterloo)
McArdle, J. J. (2006) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)
Hatta, A., Nishihira, Y., Higashiura, T., & Kim, S. R. (2010) · Biomechanisms · doi:10.3951/biomechanisms.20.43
Brown, C. R. (2011) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
Movement-related cortical potential in patients with acute stroke
Elsayed, A. E., Nahas, N. E., Moustafa, R., Sayed, T. E., & Elbokl, A. M. (2019) · Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research · doi:10.4103/jmisr.jmisr_14_19
Wasaka, T. (2004) · SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Investigation of neural frequencies within the human cortex and their clinical manifestations
Woolfe, M. (2020) · Griffith Research Online · doi:10.25904/1912/3937
Conscious decisions to move and cortical movement preparation: which comes first?
Trevena, J. A. (2000) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago)
Nakajima, I., Shinohara, M., & Ohba, H. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.96149
Measuring Free Will with the Bereitschaftspotential? New Data on an Old Misunderstanding
Verleger, R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71040-8_6
(2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/9780470689394.refs
Lopes, F. H. D. S., & Halgren, E. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0048
(1983) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)62050-6
Wakim, K., Foxe, J. J., & Molholm, S. (2022) · doi:10.22541/au.166853521.16135258/v1
Movement-Related Cortical Potentials and Event-Related Potentials
Utianski, R. L., & Caviness, J. N. (2021) · doi:10.1093/med/9780190067854.003.0047
Chang, L.-F., Lu, P.-S., Ko, L., & Chen, C. (2023) · International Automatic Control Conference · doi:10.1109/cacs60074.2023.10325860
Kimura, J., & Strakowski, J. A. (2025) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197658017.003.0020
Zhu, W. D., Xi, X., Wang, T., Du, S., & Li, L. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70120
Closed-Loop Brain-Controlled Exoskeleton System with a Hybrid Model for Stroke Rehabilitation
Lin, Y., Luo, S.-Y., Cheng, P., Chen, C., Chen, Z., Liu, Y.-Z., & Ko, L. (2025) · IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB) · doi:10.1109/cibcb66090.2025.11177096
Role of the medial frontal wall for readiness of motor execution
Inoue, M., Masaoka, Y., Kawamura, M., Okamoto, Y., & Homma, I. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-99039-0_11
Engan, Ø. (2011) · BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway))
Clinical neurophysiology of tics
Latorre, A., Meloni, M., & Rocchi, L. (2026) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13554-5.00019-5
Fu, J.-T., Tsai, C., & Lu, M. (2026) · Acta Neurologica Taiwanica · doi:10.4103/ant.ant_113_0056
Arjona, A., Conde, L. S., Beño‐Ruiz‐de‐la‐Sierra, R. M., Hernández-García, M., Fernández‐Linsenbarth, I., Díez, Á., Roig-Herrero, A., Osorio-Iriarte, E., Talavera, J. C. F., & Molina, V. (2026) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbag041
Movement-related cortical potential markers of motor skill learning
Wright, D. J. (2026) · e-space (Manchester Metropolitan University) · doi:10.83056/mmu.32435469
Deecke, L., Hoffman, R. E., & Kravitz, R. E. (1993) · Birkhäuser Boston eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0355-1_17
Effects of Delayed Auditory Feedback on the Bereitschaftspotential
Johnson, J. L. (2007) · ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University)
Movement-related brain potentials.
Синицкая, Е. Ю., & Gribanov, A. V. (2014) · doi:10.33396/1728-0869-2014-1-49-59
Worsley (1996) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0193(1996)4:1
- Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Shibasaki, H., Barrett, G., Halliday, E., & Halliday, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Venue
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1980-08
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 213-226
- ISSN
- 0013-4694 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010314431
- Cited by
- 585
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Free Will and Agency
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Keywords
- movement-related cortical potentials, voluntary movement, scalp topography, motor cortex, sensory feedback
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Dominance, Cerebral, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Female, Finger Joint, Humans, Male, Movement, Muscle Contraction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review