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Parameters for direct cortical electrical stimulation in the human: histopathologic confirmation
Open accessAbstract
Safe parameters for electrical cortical stimulation in humans are difficult to estimate from the animal experimental literature. We therefore examined the light microscopic histology at a total of 11 sites of direct subdural electrical stimulation, taken as part of anterior temporal lobectomies in 3 patients. Stimulations had been done through 3.175 mm diameter electrodes, with 0.3 msec square wave pulses of alternating polarity at 50 pulses/sec. In 2 patients, one site each had been used as a common reference for stimulation, receiving over 251 stimulation trials, most of 2-5 sec duration, at currents of 12.5-15.0 mA, 1 day prior to resection. The maximum charge per phase was 4.0-4.4 microC; the maximum charge density was 52-57 microC per geometric cm2 per pulse at the electrode surfaces. Comparison of hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and cresyl violet-stained material from the electrode sites with that from other regions did not show any histologic abnormalities attributable to the electrical stimulation. The relatively brief and intermittent periods utilized for human stimulation testing do not appear to cause structural damage at the light microscopic level at charge densities that exceed the threshold for damage established in animal studies with more continuous, chronic stimulation schedules.
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Language Representation in the Human Brain: Evidence from Cortical Mapping
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Vincent, M., Rossel, O., Hayashibe, M., Herbet, G., Duffau, H., Guiraud, D., & Bonnetblanc, F. (2015) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2015-0029 · Cited by 38
Metadata
- Authors
- Gordon, B., Lesser, R. P., Rance, N. E., Hart, J., Webber, R., Uematsu, S., & Fisher, R. S.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gordon, Barry
- Venue
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1990-05
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 371-377
- ISSN
- 0013-4694 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2084399712
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns026553-05)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (1-RO1-NS26553)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Keywords
- subdural electrodes, charge density, histopathology, temporal lobectomy
- MeSH terms
- Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Gliosis, Humans, Subarachnoid Space, Temporal Lobe
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