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Cited by 232Neuroscience and Neural EngineeringDeep Brain Stimulation and Movement DisordersEpilepsy research and treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Parameters for direct cortical electrical stimulation in the human: histopathologic confirmation

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Gordon, Barry, Lesser, Ronald P., Rance, Naomi E., Hart, John, Webber, Robert, Uematsu, Sumio, Fisher, Robert S.·1990·Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
DOI 10.1016/0013-4694(90)90082-u
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Abstract

Safe parameters for electrical cortical stimulation in humans are difficult to estimate from the animal experimental literature. We therefore examined the light microscopic histology at a total of 11 sites of direct subdural electrical stimulation, taken as part of anterior temporal lobectomies in 3 patients. Stimulations had been done through 3.175 mm diameter electrodes, with 0.3 msec square wave pulses of alternating polarity at 50 pulses/sec. In 2 patients, one site each had been used as a common reference for stimulation, receiving over 251 stimulation trials, most of 2-5 sec duration, at currents of 12.5-15.0 mA, 1 day prior to resection. The maximum charge per phase was 4.0-4.4 microC; the maximum charge density was 52-57 microC per geometric cm2 per pulse at the electrode surfaces. Comparison of hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and cresyl violet-stained material from the electrode sites with that from other regions did not show any histologic abnormalities attributable to the electrical stimulation. The relatively brief and intermittent periods utilized for human stimulation testing do not appear to cause structural damage at the light microscopic level at charge densities that exceed the threshold for damage established in animal studies with more continuous, chronic stimulation schedules.

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Crossref · 10.1016/0013-4694(90)90082-u

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34 of 34 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Cusick, 1985, Introduction, Vol. 1
  2. Kluin, 1988, Inferior speech area in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, Neurology, 38, 277
  3. Risinger, 1988, Comprehension deficits with electrical stimulation of Wernicke's area, Neurology, 38, 185

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Metadata

Authors
Gordon, B., Lesser, R. P., Rance, N. E., Hart, J., Webber, R., Uematsu, S., & Fisher, R. S.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Gordon, Barry
ORCID
Venue
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1990-05
Volume
75
Issue
5
Pages
371-377
ISSN
0013-4694 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0013-4694(90)90082-u
OpenAlex
W2084399712
Cited by
232
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
FWCI
1.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01ns026553-05)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (1-RO1-NS26553)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Epilepsy research and treatment
Keywords
subdural electrodes, charge density, histopathology, temporal lobectomy
MeSH terms
Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Gliosis, Humans, Subarachnoid Space, Temporal Lobe

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