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Cited by 425Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsMartial Arts: Techniques, Psychology, and EducationStress Responses and Cortisol

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Efficacy of Tai Chi, brisk walking, meditation, and reading in reducing mental and emotional stress

Jin, Putai·1992·Journal of Psychosomatic Research
DOI 10.1016/0022-3999(92)90072-a
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Abstract

Tai Chi, a moving meditation, is examined for its efficacy in post-stressor recovery. Forty-eight male and 48 female Tai Chi practitioners were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: Tai Chi, brisk walking, mediation and neutral reading. Mental arithmetic and other difficult tests were chosen as mental challenges, and a stressful film was used to produce emotional disturbance. Tai Chi and the other treatments were applied after these stressors. After all treatments, the salivary cortisol level dropped significantly, and the mood states were also improved. In general the stress-reduction effect of Tai Chi characterized moderate physical exercise. Heart rate, blood pressure, and urinary catecholamine changes for Tai Chi were found to be similar to those for walking at a speed of 6 km/hr. Although Tai Chi appeared to be superior to neutral reading in the reduction of state anxiety and the enhancement of vigour, this effect could be partially accounted for by the subjects' high expectations about gains from Tai Chi. Approaches controlling for expectancy level are recommended for further assessment.

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Crossref · 10.1016/0022-3999(92)90072-a

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33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Wan, 1989, Rehabilitation effect of Tai Chi Chuan for inpatients with chronic diseases, Tai Chi Chuan J, 63, 33
  2. Zhang, 1989, Therapeutic effect of Yang Style Tai Chi Chuan with medical treatment on 137 hepatitis cases, Tai Chi Chuan J, 64, 26

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Metadata

Authors
Jin, P.
Affiliations
La Trobe University (AU)
Corresponding author
Jin, Putai
Venue
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1992-05
Volume
36
Issue
4
Pages
361-370
ISSN
0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0022-3999(92)90072-a
OpenAlex
W2080970832
Cited by
425
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 21
FWCI
2.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Martial Arts: Techniques, Psychology, and Education
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
Tai Chi, brisk walking, meditation, reading, stress reduction, salivary cortisol, mood states, state anxiety, vigor, heart rate, blood pressure, urinary catecholamines, mental arithmetic, expectancy effects, physical activity
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anxiety, Arousal, Blood Pressure, Catecholamines, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reading, Relaxation Therapy, Stress, Psychological, Walking, Martial Arts

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