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Deficits in short-term memory in adult survivors of childhood abuse
Open accessAbstract
Exposure to stress has been associated with alterations in memory function, and we have previously shown deficits in short-term verbal memory in patients with a history of exposure to the stress of combat and the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies of any kind have focused on adult survivors of childhood physical and sexual abuse. The purpose of this study was to investigate short-term memory function in adult survivors of childhood abuse. Adult survivors of severe childhood physical and sexual abuse (n = 21), as defined by specific criteria derived from the Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), who were presenting for psychiatric treatment were compared with healthy subjects (n = 20) matched for several variables including age, alcohol abuse, and years of education. All subjects were assessed with the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) Logical (verbal memory) and Figural (visual memory) components, the Verbal and Visual Selective Reminding Tests (SRT), and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R). Adult survivors of childhood abuse had significantly lower scores on the WMS Logical component for immediate and delayed recall in comparison to normal subjects, with no difference in visual memory, as measured by the WMS or the SRT, or IQ, as measured by the WAIS-R. Deficits in verbal memory, as measured by the WMS, were associated with the severity of abuse, as measured by a composite score on the ETI. Our findings suggest that childhood physical and sexual abuse is associated with long-term deficits in verbal short-term memory. These findings of specific deficits in verbal (and not visual) memory, with no change in IQ, are similar to the pattern of deficits that we have previously found in patients with combat-related PTSD.
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“Consistent with deficits in hippocampal function are deficits in verbal declarative memory (Bremner 1995) and failure of hippocampal activation with memory tasks (Bremner 2003a) in adult women with early abuse-related PTSD.”
From The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology (2006) · cites this paper as Bremner 1995
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Pflege bei posttraumatischen Störungen
Ahrens, R. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-31705-8_22
Biologische Aspekte der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung
Lahousen, T., Bonelli, R. M., & Hofmann, P. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0615-0_3
Metadata
- Authors
- Douglas Bremner, J., Randall, P., Scott, T. M., Capelli, S., Delaney, R., McCarthy, G., & Charney, D. S.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System (US)
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-11
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 97-107
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2084057171
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for PTSD, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- childhood abuse, child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, short-term memory, verbal memory, visual memory, memory impairment, abuse severity, combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder, stress and memory
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Personality Inventory, Reference Values, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales
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