Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Abstract
We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as wall as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions.
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Since the concept of ECLSS was formally proposed by NASA, a series of ecosystems have been developed to simulate the lives of humans in the planet cabin environment by providing necessary survival resources for a period of time.
“Since the concept of ECLSS was formally proposed by NASA, a series of ecosystems have been developed to simulate the lives of humans in the planet cabin environment by providing necessary survival resources for a period of time.”
From Energy system and resource utilization in space: A state-of-the-art review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
These ecosystems mainly include ECLSS and CELSS by NASA, BIOS series by Soviet Union/Russia, MELiSSA by ESA, CELSS Integrated Experimental Platform and Lunar Palace by China, and CEEF by Japan.
“These ecosystems mainly include ECLSS and Controlled Ecological Life-Support System (CELSS) by NASA, BIOS series by Soviet Union/Russia, Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) by European Space Agency (ESA), CELSS Integrated Experimental Platform and Lunar Palace by China, and Closed Ecological Experimental Facility (CEEF) by Japan. 47-52”
From Energy system and resource utilization in space: A state-of-the-art review (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
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Lamotte, L., Saugier, B., Smernoff, D. T., & André, M. J. (1999) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(99)00483-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Development of Work on Life Support Systems and Strategies of Space Mastering
Игоревич, Б. С., Mezhevikin, V. V., & Okhonin, V. A. (1997) · SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series · doi:10.4271/972298 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gitelson, I. I., Terskov, I. A., Kovrov, B. G., Lisovskii, G. M., Okladnikov, Y. N., Sid'ko, F. Y., Trubachev, I. N., Shilenko, M. P., Alekseev, S. S., Pan'kova, I. M., & Tirranen, L. S.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Biophysics (RU)
- Venue
- Advances in Space Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1989-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 65-71
- ISSN
- 0273-1177 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2020009588
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in Space Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Exploration and Technology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Keywords
- closed ecological systems, life support systems, long-duration spaceflight, material recycling, phytotron, crew health
- MeSH terms
- Air Conditioning, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Life Support Systems, Light, Photosynthesis, Plants, Water, Triticum, Ecological Systems, Closed, Waste Management, Biomass, Crops, Agricultural, Plant Development
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