Agriculture for space: People and places paving the way

Wheeler, Raymond M.

doi:10.1515/opag-2017-0002

Cited by 167Space Exploration and TechnologySpace exploration and regulationInnovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems

Agriculture for space: People and places paving the way

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Wheeler, Raymond M.·2017·Open Agriculture

DOI 10.1515/opag-2017-0002

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Abstract

Abstract Agricultural systems for space have been discussed since the works of Tsiolkovsky in the early 20 th century. Central to the concept is the use of photosynthetic organisms and light to generate oxygen and food. Research in the area started in 1950s and 60s through the works of Jack Myers and others, who studied algae for O 2 production and CO 2 removal for the US Air Force and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Studies on algal production and controlled environment agriculture were also carried out by Russian researchers in Krasnoyarsk, Siberia beginning in 1960s including tests with human crews whose air, water, and much of their food were provided by wheat and other crops. NASA initiated its Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) Program ca. 1980 with testing focused on controlled environment production of wheat, soybean, potato, lettuce, and sweetpotato. Findings from these studies were then used to conduct tests in a 20 m 2 , atmospherically closed chamber located at Kennedy Space Center. Related tests with humans and crops were conducted at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in the 1990s. About this same time, Japanese researchers developed a Controlled Ecological Experiment Facility (CEEF) in Aomori Prefecture to conduct closed system studies with plants, humans, animals, and waste recycling systems. CEEF had 150 m 2 of plant growth area, which provided a near-complete diet along with air and water regeneration for two humans and two goats. The European Space Agency MELiSSA Project began in the late 1980s and pursued ecological approaches for providing gas, water and materials recycling for space life support, and later expanded to include plant testing. A Canadian research team at the University of Guelph developed a research facility ca. 1994 for space crop research. The Canadian team eventually developed sophisticated canopy-scale hypobaric plant production chambers ca. 2000 for testing crops for space, and have since expanded their testing for a wide range of controlled environment agriculture topics. Most recently, a group at Beihang University in Beijing designed, built and tested a closed life support facility (Lunar Palace 1), which included a 69-m 2 agricultural module for air, water, and food production for three humans. As a result of these studies for space agriculture, novel technologies and findings have been produced; this includes the first use of light emitting diodes for growing crops, one of the first demonstrations of vertical agriculture, use of hydroponic approaches for subterranean crops like potato and sweetpotato, crop yields that surpassed reported record field yields, the ability to quantify volatile organic compound production (e.g., ethylene) from whole crop stands, innovative approaches for controlling water delivery, approaches for processing and recycling wastes back to crop production systems, and more. The theme of agriculture for space has contributed to, and benefited from terrestrial, controlled environment agriculture and will continue to do so into the future.

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For a BLSS designed for long-duration space flight, food supplied in space must contain biologically active components that deliver benefits beyond basic nutrition, such as health promotion, disease prevention, and psychological health.
“It has been realized that for a BLSS designed for long duration space flight, food supplied in space must not only serve nourishment needs but must also contain biologically active components that deliver benefits beyond basic nutrition, such as health promotion, prevention of disease, and psychological health [87,88].”
From Biologically-Based and Physiochemical Life Support and In Situ Resource Utilization for Exploration of the Solar System—Reviewing the Current State and Defining Future Development Needs (2021) · cites this paper as [87]

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Providing Optimal Root-Zone Fluid Fluxes: Effects of Hysteresis on Capillary-Dominated Water Distributions in Reduced Gravity
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Low Pressure Greenhouse Concepts for Mars
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Self-citation
Radish (Raphanus sativa L. cv. Cherry Bomb II) Growth, Net Carbon Exchange Rate, and Transpiration at Decreased Atmospheric Pressure and / or Oxygen
Stasiak, M., Wehkamp, C. A., Lawson, J., Yorio, N. C., Stutte, G. W., Richards, J., Wheeler, R. M., & Dixon, M. (2012) · Gravitational and Space Research · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Construction of CEEF is Just Started CEEF:Closed Ecology Experiment Facilities
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Rockets, and space travel : The future of flight beyond the stratosphere
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Accumulation of Possible Potato Tuber-inducing Factor in Continuous-use Recirculating NFT sSystem
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SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND PERFORMANCE FACTORS OF A LUNAR GREENHOUSE PROTOTYPE BIOREGENERATIVE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM
Kaçıra, M., Giacomelli, G. A., Patterson, R. L., Furfaro, R., Sadler, P., Boscheri, G., Lobascio, C., Lamantea, M., Wheeler, R. M., & Rossignoli, S. (2012) · Acta Horticulturae · doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.952.73 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Nondestructive Method for Continuously Monitoring Plant Growth
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Utilization of non-conventional systems for conversion of biomass to food components: Potential for utilization of algae in engineered foods
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Plant Facilities for Inflatable Habitats
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Integrated Multicropping of Beet and Lettuce and its Effect on Atmospheric Stability
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Flagged first, then by citations

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Rapid customization of Solanaceae fruit crops for urban agriculture
Kwon, C., Heo, J., Lemmon, Z. H., Capua, Y., Hutton, S. F., Eck, J. M. V., Park, S. J., & Lippman, Z. B. (2019) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0361-2 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Optimizing spectral quality with quantum dots to enhance crop yield in controlled environments
Parrish, C. H., Hebert, D. N., Jackson, A., Ramasamy, K., McDaniel, H., Giacomelli, G. A., & Bergren, M. R. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01646-1 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Plant and microbial science and technology as cornerstones to Bioregenerative Life Support Systems in space
Micco, V. D., Amitrano, C., Mastroleo, F., Aronne, G., Battistelli, A., Carnero-Díaz, E., Pascale, S. D., Detrell, G., Dussap, C., Ganigué, R., et al. (2023) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-023-00317-9 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Optimization of LED Lighting and Quality Evaluation of Romaine Lettuce Grown in An Innovative Indoor Cultivation System
Loconsole, D., Cocetta, G., Santoro, P., & Ferrante, A. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11030841 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
A strategic approach for investigating light recipes for ‘Outredgeous’ red romaine lettuce using white and monochromatic LEDs
Mickens, M. A., Skoog, E. J., Reese, L., Barnwell, P., Spencer, L. E., Massa, G. D., & Wheeler, R. M. (2018) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2018.09.003 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citation
Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application
Malavasi, V., Soru, S., & Cao, G. (2020) · Journal of Phycology · doi:10.1111/jpy.12965 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Towards a Biomanufactory on Mars
Berliner, A. J., Hilzinger, J. M., Abel, A. J., McNulty, M. J., Makrygiorgos, G., Averesch, N. J. H., Gupta, S. S., Benvenuti, A., Caddell, D. F., Cestellos-Blanco, S., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.711550 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Challenges for a Sustainable Food Production System on Board of the International Space Station: A Technical Review
Carillo, P., Morrone, B., Fusco, G. M., De Pascale, S., & Rouphael, Y. (2020) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy10050687 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Biology and crop production in Space environments: Challenges and opportunities
Pascale, S. D., Arena, C., Aronne, G., Micco, V. D., Pannico, A., Paradiso, R., & Rouphael, Y. (2021) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.02.005 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Growth of red pak choi under red and blue, supplemented white, and artificial sunlight provided by LEDs
Mickens, M. A., Torralba, M., Robinson, S. A., Spencer, L. E., Romeyn, M. W., Massa, G. D., & Wheeler, R. M. (2018) · Scientia Horticulturae · doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.10.023 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
Supplemental Food Production With Plants: A Review of NASA Research
Johnson, C. M., Boles, H. O., Spencer, L. E., Poulet, L., Romeyn, M. W., Bunchek, J. M., Fritsche, R. F., Massa, G. D., O’Rourke, A. E., & Wheeler, R. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.734343 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citation
Review of space habitat designs for long term space explorations
Chen, M., Goyal, R., Majji, M., & Skelton, R. E. (2021) · Progress in Aerospace Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2020.100692 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
SpaceHort: redesigning plants to support space exploration and on-earth sustainability
Mortimer, J. C., & Gilliham, M. (2021) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2021.08.018 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Towards sustainable horizons: A comprehensive blueprint for Mars colonization
Neukart, F. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26180 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Hardware Validation of the Advanced Plant Habitat on ISS: Canopy Photosynthesis in Reduced Gravity
Monje, O., Richards, J. T., Carver, J. A., Dimapilis, D. I., Levine, H. G., Dufour, N. F., & Onate, B. G. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00673 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The Multiplanetary Future of Plant Synthetic Biology
Llorente, B., Williams, T. C., & Goold, H. D. (2018) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes9070348 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of the space flight and microgravity response of the Arabidopsis plant transcriptome
Barker, R. J., Kruse, C. P. S., Johnson, C. M., Saravia-Butler, A., Fogle, H. W., Chang, H.-S., Trane, R. M., Kinscherf, N. A., Villacampa, A., Manzano, A., et al. (2023) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-023-00247-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Nanotechnology support the next agricultural revolution: Perspectives to enhancement of nutrient use efficiency
Marchiol, L., Iafisco, M., Fellet, G., & Adamiano, A. (2020) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2019.12.001 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Rocket Science: The Effect of Spaceflight on Germination Physiology, Ageing, and Transcriptome of Eruca sativa Seeds
Chandler, J. O., Haas, F. B., Khan, S., Bowden, L., Ignatz, M., Enfissi, E. M. A., Gawthrop, F., Griffiths, A., Fraser, P. D., Rensing, S. A., et al. (2020) · Life · doi:10.3390/life10040049 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Mars Regolith Simulant Ameliorated by Compost as in situ Cultivation Substrate Improves Lettuce Growth and Nutritional Aspects
Duri, L. G., El-Nakhel, C., Caporale, A. G., Ciriello, M., Graziani, G., Pannico, A., Palladino, M., Ritieni, A., De Pascale, S., Vingiani, S., et al. (2020) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants9050628 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Can the optimisation of pop-up agriculture in remote communities help feed the world?
Dylan Gwynn-jones, A., Dunne, H., Donnison, I. S., Robson, P. R. H., Sanfratello, G. M., Schlarb‐Ridley, B. G., Hughes, K. A., & Convey, P. (2018) · Global Food Security · doi:10.1016/j.gfs.2018.07.003 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Plant biology for space exploration – Building on the past, preparing for the future
Kordyum, E. L., & Hasenstein, K. H. (2021) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.01.003 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Large-Scale Crop Production for the Moon and Mars: Current Gaps and Future Perspectives
Poulet, L., Engeling, K. W., Hatch, T., Stahl-Rommel, S., Justiniano, Y.-A. V., Castro-Wallace, S. L., Bunchek, J. M., Monje, O., Hummerick, M. E., Khodadad, C. L. M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.733944 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citation
Suitability of Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Microtom’ for growth in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems: exploring the effect of high‐ LET ionising radiation on photosynthesis, leaf structure and fruit traits
Arena, C., Vitale, E., Mele, B. H., Cataletto, P. R., Turano, M., Simoniello, P., & Micco, V. D. (2018) · Plant Biology · doi:10.1111/plb.12952 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Biomass Production of the EDEN ISS Space Greenhouse in Antarctica During the 2018 Experiment Phase
Zabel, P., Zeidler, C., Vrakking, V., Dörn, M., & Schubert, D. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00656 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Molecular pharming to support human life on the moon, mars, and beyond
McNulty, M. J., Xiong, Y., Yates, K., Karuppanan, K., Hilzinger, J. M., Berliner, A. J., Delzio, J., Arkin, A. P., Lane, N. E., Nandi, S., et al. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/07388551.2021.1888070 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Sustaining Astronauts: Resource Limitations, Technology Needs, and Parallels between Spaceflight Food Systems and those on Earth
Douglas, G. L., Wheeler, R. M., & Fritsche, R. F. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13169424 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citation
Cultivar-Specific Performance and Qualitative Descriptors for Butterhead Salanova Lettuce Produced in Closed Soilless Cultivation as a Candidate Salad Crop for Human Life Support in Space
El-Nakhel, C., Giordano, M., Pannico, A., Carillo, P., Fusco, G. M., De Pascale, S., & Rouphael, Y. (2019) · Life · doi:10.3390/life9030061 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Fusarium oxysporum as an Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen on Zinnia hybrida Plants Grown on board the International Space Station
Schuerger, A. C., Amaradasa, B. S., Dufault, N. S., Hummerick, M. E., Richards, J. T., Khodadad, C. L. M., Smith, T. M., & Massa, G. D. (2021) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2020.2399 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Highly stretchable, robust, and resilient wearable electronics for remote, autonomous plant growth monitoring
Wang, S., Edupulapati, B., Hagel, J. M., Kwok, J. J., Quebedeaux, J. C., Khasbaatar, A., Baek, J. M., Davies, D. W., Elangovan, K. E., Wheeler, R. M., et al. (2024) · Device · doi:10.1016/j.device.2024.100322 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citation
The World Smallest Plants (Wolffia Sp.) as Potential Species for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems in Space
Romano, L. E., & Aronne, G. (2021) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants10091896 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
A review of existing analog habitats and lessons for future lunar and Martian habitats
Heinicke, C., & Arnhof, M. (2021) · REACH · doi:10.1016/j.reach.2021.100038 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Understanding Reduced Gravity Effects on Early Plant Development Before Attempting Life-Support Farming in the Moon and Mars
Medina, F. J., Manzano, A., Villacampa, A., Ciska, M., & Herranz, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.729154 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Can lunar and martian soils support food plant production? Effects of horse/swine monogastric manure fertilisation on regolith simulants enzymatic activity, nutrient bioavailability, and lettuce growth
Caporale, A. G., Amato, M., Duri, L. G., Bochicchio, R., De Pascale, S., Simeone, G. D. R., Palladino, M., Pannico, A., Rao, M. A., Rouphael, Y., et al. (2022) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants11233345 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Test of Arabidopsis Space Transcriptome: A Discovery Environment to Explore Multiple Plant Biology Spaceflight Experiments
Barker, R. J., Lombardino, J., Rasmussen, K., & Gilroy, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00147 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Spatial Characterization of Microbial Communities on Multi-Species Leafy Greens Grown Simultaneously in the Vegetable Production Systems on the International Space Station
Hummerick, M. E., Khodadad, C. L. M., Dixit, A. R., Spencer, L. E., Vazquez, G. J. M., Gooden, J. L., Spern, C. J., Fischer, J. A., Dufour, N. F., Wheeler, R. M., et al. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11101060 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria improve the growth of Nicotiana benthamiana on lunar regolith simulant by dissociating insoluble inorganic phosphorus
Xia, Y., Yuan, Y., Li, C., & Sun, Z. (2023) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-023-05391-z · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Air Distribution in a Fully-Closed Higher Plant Growth Chamber Impacts Crop Performance of Hydroponically-Grown Lettuce
Peiro, E., Pannico, A., Colleoni, S. G., Bucchieri, L., Rouphael, Y., Pascale, S. D., Paradiso, R., & Gòdia, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00537 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Reducing energy requirements in future Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs): Performance and bioactive composition of diverse lettuce genotypes grown under optimal and suboptimal light conditions
Rouphael, Y., Petropoulos, S. A., El-Nakhel, C., Pannico, A., Kyriacou, M. C., Giordano, M., Troise, A. D., Vitaglione, P., & De Pascale, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01305 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Effect of different light intensity on physiology, antioxidant capacity and photosynthetic characteristics on wheat seedlings under high CO2 concentration in a closed artificial ecosystem
Yi, Z., Cui, J., Fu, Y., & Liu, H. (2020) · Photosynthesis Research · doi:10.1007/s11120-020-00726-x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Extreme Salinity as a challenge to Grow Potatoes under Mars-like Soil Conditions: Targeting Promising Genotypes
Ramírez, D. A., Kreuze, J., Amoros, W., Valdivia-Silva, J. E., Ranck, J., Garcia, S., Salas, E., & Yactayo, W. (2019) · International Journal of Astrobiology · doi:10.1017/s1473550417000453 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Key Gaps for Enabling Plant Growth in Future Missions
Anderson, M. S., Barta, D., Douglas, G. L., Motil, B., Massa, G. D., Fritsche, R. F., Quincy, C., Romeyn, M. W., & Hanford, A. J. (2017) · AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition · doi:10.2514/6.2017-5142 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Potatoes as a Crop for Space Life Support: Effect of CO2, Irradiance, and Photoperiod on Leaf Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance
Wheeler, R. M., Fitzpatrick, A. H., & Tibbitts, T. W. (2019) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01632 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effect of wheat seedling density on photosynthesis may be associated with the phyllosphere microorganisms
Yi, Z., Cui, J., Fu, Y., & Liu, H. (2020) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-020-10934-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Recycling nutrients from organic waste for growing higher plants in the Micro Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) loop during long-term space missions
Frossard, E., Crain, G., Bordóns, I. G. D. A., Hirschvogel, C., Oberson, A., Paillé, C., Pellegri, G., & Udert, K. M. (2023) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2023.08.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Biologically-Based and Physiochemical Life Support and In Situ Resource Utilization for Exploration of the Solar System—Reviewing the Current State and Defining Future Development Needs
Keller, R. J., Porter, W., Goli, K., Rosenthal, R., Butler, N., & Jones, J. A. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11080844 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“It has been realized that for a BLSS designed for long duration space flight, food supplied in space must not only serve nourishment needs but must also contain biologically active components that deliver benefits beyond basic nutrition, such as health promotion, prevention of disease, and psychological health [87,88].”
Background
Paradigm shift in algal biomass refinery and its challenges
Park, W.-K., Min, K., Yun, J., Kim, M., Kim, M., Park, G. W., Lee, S. Y., Lee, S., Lee, J., Lee, J.-P., et al. (2021) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126358 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Optimising plant form and function for controlled environment agriculture in space and on earth
Kamran, M., Auroux, L., Johnson, K. L., & Lewsey, M. G. (2023) · Modern Agriculture · doi:10.1002/moda.20 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Lettuce Grown in Different Mixtures of Monogastric-Based Manure With Lunar and Martian Soils
Duri, L. G., Pannico, A., Petropoulos, S. A., Caporale, A. G., Adamo, P., Graziani, G., Ritieni, A., Pascale, S. D., & Rouphael, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.890786 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Radiofrequency cold plasma – A novel tool for flavour modification in fresh and freeze-dried strawberries
Warne, G. R., Lim, M., Wilkinson, K. L., Hessel, V., Williams, P. M., Coad, B. R., & Fisk, I. D. (2023) · Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2023.103497 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The aeroponic rhizosphere microbiome: community dynamics in early succession suggest strong selectional forces
Edmonds, J. W., Sackett, J., Lomprey, H., Hudson, H. L., & Moser, D. P. (2019) · Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · doi:10.1007/s10482-019-01319-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Space controlled environment agriculture offers pathways to improve the sustainability of controlled environmental agriculture on Earth
Wright, H. C., Fountain, L., Moschopoulos, A., Ryan, A. J., Daniell, T. J., Cullen, D. C., Shaughnessy, B. M., & Cameron, D. D. (2023) · Nature Food · doi:10.1038/s43016-023-00819-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Exploring plant responses to altered gravity for advancing space agriculture
Nie, H., Zhou, W., Zheng, Z., Deng, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, M., Jiang, Z., Zheng, H., Yuan, L., Yang, J., et al. (2025) · Plant Communications · doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101370 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Crew time in a space greenhouse using data from analog missions and Veggie
Poulet, L., Zeidler, C., Bunchek, J. M., Zabel, P., Vrakking, V., Schubert, D., Massa, G. D., & Wheeler, R. (2021) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2021.08.002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
To the farm, Mars, and beyond: Technologies for growing food in space, the future of long-duration space missions, and earth implications in English news media coverage
Shaw, R., & Soma, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2022.1007567 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Challenges and innovations in food and water availability for a sustainable Mars colonization
Maity, T., & Saxena, A. K. (2024) · Life Sciences in Space Research · doi:10.1016/j.lssr.2024.03.008 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
A Look at the Near Future: Industry 5.0 Boosts the Potential of Sustainable Space Agriculture
Concepcion, R., Ramirez, T. J., Alejandrino, J., Janairo, A. G., Baun, J. J., Francisco, K. G., Relano, R.-J. S., Enriquez, M. L., Bautista, M. G. A., Vicerra, R. R. P., et al. (2022) · IEEE International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM) · doi:10.1109/hnicem57413.2022.10109559 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Photosynthetic microorganisms, an overview of their biostimulant effects on plants and perspectives for space agriculture
Renaud, C., Leys, N., & Wattiez, R. (2023) · Journal of Plant Interactions · doi:10.1080/17429145.2023.2242697 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Dynamics of entomopathogenic nematode foraging and infectivity in microgravity
Kaplan, F., Shapiro‐Ilan, D. I., & Schiller, K. C. (2020) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-020-00110-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
‘Development of a mechanistic model of leaf surface gas exchange coupling mass and energy balances for life-support systems applications’.
Poulet, L., Dussap, C.-G., & Fontaine, J.-P. (2020) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.03.048 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The future potential of controlled environment agriculture
Calvo‐Baltanás, V., Vilcinskas, A., Brück, T., Kloas, W., Wilke, T., Rufino, M. C., Henkel, M., Zorn, H., Monje, O., & Asseng, S. (2025) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf078 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Critical investments in bioregenerative life support systems for bioastronautics and sustainable lunar exploration
Porterfield, D. M., Tulodziecki, D., Wheeler, R., Cross, M. K. D., Monje, O., Rothschild, L. J., Barker, R. J., Schwertz, H., Collicott, S. H., & Dutta, S. (2025) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-025-00518-4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Plant Characterization Unit for Closed Life Support: Hardware and Control Design for Atmospheric Systems
Pannico, A., Cimini, G., Quadri, C., Paradiso, R., Bucchieri, L., Rouphael, Y., & Pascale, S. D. (2022) · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences · doi:10.3389/fspas.2022.820752 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
On the Possible Use of Textile Fabrics for Vertical Farming
Ehrmann, A. (2019) · Tekstilec · doi:10.14502/tekstilec2019.62.34-41 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Plant Growth Optimization by Vegetable Production System in HI-SEAS Analog Habitat
Ehrlich, J. W., Massa, G. D., Wheeler, R., Gill, T. R., Quincy, C., Roberson, L. B., Binsted, K. A., & Morrow, R. C. (2017) · AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition · doi:10.2514/6.2017-5143 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Long-Term Analysis of the Possibility of Water Recovery for Hydroponic Lettuce Irrigation in Indoor Vertical Farm. Part 1: Water Recovery from Exhaust Air
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Authors: Wheeler, R. M.
Affiliations: Kennedy Space Center (US)
Corresponding author: Wheeler, Raymond M.
ORCID: Wheeler, Raymond M.
Venue: Open Agriculture
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published: 2017-02-01
Volume: 2
Issue: 1
Pages: 14-32
ISSN: 2391-9531 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1515/opag-2017-0002
OpenAlex: W2588827835
Cited by: 167
References: 192
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3
FWCI: 11.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 (unspecified)
Locations: Open Agriculture (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Exploration and Technology
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space exploration and regulation
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems
Keywords: space agriculture, controlled environment agriculture, closed ecological life support systems, lunar agriculture, Melissa, carbon dioxide removal, hydroponics, vertical farming, LED lighting, plant growth chamber, photosynthetic organisms, Kennedy Space Center

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