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Cited by 1,550Sex and Gender in HealthcareMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPediatric Pain Management Techniques

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 307 of the 307 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Gender variations in clinical pain experience

Unruh, Anita M.·1996·Pain
DOI 10.1016/0304-3959(95)00214-6
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Abstract

This review is a critical summary of research examining gender variations in clinical pain experience. Gender-comparative pain research was identified through Medline and Psychlit searches and references obtained from bibliographies of pertinent papers and books. Review of this research demonstrates that women are more likely than men to experience a variety of recurrent pains. In addition, many women have moderate or severe pains from menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth. In most studies, women report more severe levels of pain, more frequent pain and pain of longer duration than do men. Women may be at greater risk for pain-related disability than men but women also respond more aggressively to pain through health related activities. Women may be more vulnerable than men to unwarranted psychogenic attributions by health care providers for pain. Underlying biological mechanisms of pain and the contribution of psychological and social factors as they contribute to the meaning of pain for women and men warrant greater attention in pain research.

Overview

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0304-3959(95)00214-6

Cites

307 of 307 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. Berkley, 1993, Sex and chronobiology: Opportunities for a focus on the positive, IASP Newsletter, 2
  2. Guzinski, 1990, Gynecological pain, Vol. 2, 1344
  3. Polleri, 1992, Pain and sex steroids, Vol. 20, 253
  4. Prins, 1986, Comparison of sickness absence in Belgian, German and Dutch firms, Br. J. Ind. Med., 43, 529
  5. Ratinahirana, 1990, Migraine and pregnancy: a prospective study in 702 women after delivery, Neurology, 40, 437
  6. Wall, 1994, Introduction to the edition after this one, 1
  7. Waters, 1975, Migraine in general practioners, Br. J. Prev. Soc. Med., 29, 48

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Metadata

Authors
Unruh, A. M.
Affiliations
Dalhousie University (CA)
Corresponding author
Unruh, Anita M.
Venue
Pain
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1996-05
Volume
65
Issue
2
Pages
123-167
ISSN
0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0304-3959(95)00214-6
OpenAlex
W2030619935
Cited by
1,550
References
305
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 71
FWCI
34.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
Keywords
gender differences, pain experience, women, dysmenorrhea, pregnancy pain, labor pain, pain intensity, pain frequency, pain duration, pain-related disability, psychological factors, social factors
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Analgesics, Female, Disabled Persons, Persons with Disabilities, Humans, Male, Pain, Pregnancy, Recurrence, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological, Prevalence, Pain Management

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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