The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The use of multiple-item scales for pain intensity measurement in chronic pain patients
Abstract
This study examined the relative predictive validities of several measures of pain intensity. Forty chronic pain patients completed 6-14 days worth of hourly pain ratings, which were averaged to obtain a measure of actual average pain intensity. These patients then made ratings, on 101-point numerical rating scales, of worst, least, and usual pain during the previous 2 wks, and of their current pain. A series of correlation coefficients were computed and regression analyses were performed to determine the individual or composite measures that best predicted actual average pain intensity. Consistent with previous research, the best single predictor of actual average pain intensity was patient rating of least pain in the previous 2 wks. Of all possible composites of usual, least, worst, and current pain ratings, the arithmetic mean of least and usual pain had the strongest relationship to actual average pain. The inclusion of ratings of most pain or current pain in any composite score actually weakened the relationship between the composite score and actual average pain intensity. These results suggest that, when clinicians or researchers wish to assess average pain among chronic pain patients, but cannot obtain multiple measures of pain over time, the most valid measure would be the arithmetic mean of patient-recalled least and usual pain.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This procedure for measuring pain intensity has been widely used in the pain literature [50].”
From Does Pain Acceptance Contribute to Improved Functionality through Walking in Women with Fibromyalgia? Looking at Depressive Comorbidity (2023) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
Cites
Increasing the reliability and validity of pain intensity measurement in chronic pain patients
Jensen, M. P., & McFarland, C. A. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90148-i · Cited by 720
Memory for pain: Relation between past and present pain intensity
Eich, E., Reeves, J. L., Jaeger, B. A., & Graff‐Radford, S. B. (1985) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(85)90007-7 · Cited by 321
Correlates of improvement in multidisciplinary treatment of chronic pain.
Jensen, M. P., Turner, J. A., & Romano, J. M. (1994) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.62.1.172 · Cited by 280
Effects of present pain level on recall of chronic pain and medication use
Smith, W. B., & Safer, M. A. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90011-d · Cited by 102
Schwartz, L., Slater, M. A., Birchler, G. R., & Atkinson, H. J. (1991) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90148-q · Cited by 83
The accuracy of memory for pain
Salovey, P., Smith, A. F., Turk, D. C., Jobe, J. B., & Willis, G. (1993) · APS Journal · doi:10.1016/s1058-9139(05)80087-7 · Cited by 74
Ralphs, J. A., de C Williams, A. C., Richardson, P. H., Pither, C. E., & Nicholas, M. K. (1994) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90166-x · Cited by 70
Low Back Pain Patients Unresponsive to an Epidural Steroid Injection
Jamison, R. N., VadeBoncouer, T. R., & Ferrante, F. (1991) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-199112000-00010 · Cited by 59
Measurement of characteristic pain intensity in field research
Dworkin, S. F., Korff, M. V., Whitney, C. W., LeResche, L., Dicker, B. G., & Barlow, W. (1990) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(90)92696-n · Cited by 56
Affect, pain, and autobiographical memory.
Eich, E., Rachman, S., & Lopatka, C. (1990) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.2.174 · Cited by 55
Affect, pain, and autobiographical memory.
Eich, E., Rachman, S., & Lopatka, C. (1990) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.99.2.174 · Cited by 54
A multicenter study of tenoxicam and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
Bellamy, N., Buchanan, W. W., Chalmers, A., Ford, P. M., Kean, W. F., Kraag, G., Gerecz-Simon, E. M., & Campbell, J. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 41
Mäentausta, O., Boman, K., ISOMAA, V. V., Stendahl, U., Bäckström, T., & Vihko, R. (1992) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19920915)70:6 · Cited by 36
Are all those pain ratings necessary?
Dworkin, R. H., & Siegfried, R. N. (1994) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90213-5 · Cited by 16
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Nunnally, J.C., Psychometric Theory, 2nd edn., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978, pp. 701.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Barbara, G., Stanghellini, V., De Giorgio, R., Cremon, C., Cottrell, G. S., Santini, D., Pasquinelli, G., Morselli-Labate, A. M., Grady, E. F., Bunnett, N. W., et al. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.055 · Cited by 1,475
Comparative reliability and validity of chronic pain intensity measures.
Jensen, M. P., Turner, J. A., Romano, J. M., & Fisher, L. D. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00101-3 · Cited by 1,247
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: further psychometric evaluation with adult samples
Osman, A., Barrios, F. X., Gutierrez, P. M., Kopper, B. A., Merrifield, T., & Grittmann, L. (2000) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1023/a:1005548801037 · Cited by 944
Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., Croft, P. R., NACHEMSON, A. L., Buchbinder, R., Walker, B. F., Wyatt, M., Cassidy, J. D., Rossignol, M., Leboeuf‐Yde, C., et al. (2008) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e31815e7f94 · Cited by 769
Assessing global pain severity by self-report in clinical and health services research
Von Korff, M., Jensen, M. P., & Karoly, P. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200012150-00009 · Cited by 649
Metadata
- Authors
- Jensen, M. P., Turner, L. R., Turner, J. A., & Romano, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jensen, Mark P
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 1996-09
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35-40
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071290055
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- chronic pain, pain intensity assessment, numerical rating scale, predictive validity, patient recall, composite score
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Chronic Disease, Humans, Memory, Middle Aged, Pain, Pain Measurement, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychometrics, Regression Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
