The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Z-contrast stem for materials science
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Relativistic Hartree–Fock X-ray and electron scattering factors
Doyle, P. A., & Turner, P. S. (1968) · Acta Crystallographica Section A · doi:10.1107/s0567739468000756 · Cited by 1,927
The Theoretical Resolution Limit of the Electron Microscope
Scherzer, O. (1949) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1698233 · Cited by 915
Electronmicroscopy and Analysis-1981
Goodhew, P. J., & Humphreys, J. F. (1984) · Solar Energy · doi:10.1016/0038-092x(84)90025-2 · Cited by 816
Chemically sensitive structure-imaging with a scanning transmission electron microscope
Pennycook, S. J., & Boatner, L. A. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/336565a0 · Cited by 735
Self-citationSimulation of annular dark field stem images using a modified multislice method
Kirkland, E. J., Loane, R. F., & Silcox, J. (1987) · Ultramicroscopy · doi:10.1016/0304-3991(87)90229-4 · Cited by 349
CARR, K. E., TONER, P. G., & SALEH, K. M. (1982) · Histopathology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.1982.tb02698.x · Cited by 174
Molecular weight determination by scanning transmission electron microscopy
Engel, A. (1978) · Ultramicroscopy · doi:10.1016/s0304-3991(78)80037-0 · Cited by 163
Crystallization instability at the amorphous-silicon/liquid-silicon interface
Tsao, J. Y., & Peercy, P. S. (1987) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.58.2782 · Cited by 45
The physics of the high-resolution scanning microscope
Crewe, A. V. (1980) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/43/5/002 · Cited by 40
Cited by
Single-atom catalysis of CO oxidation using Pt1/FeOx
Qiao, B., Wang, A., Yang, X., Allard, L. F., Jiang, Z., Cui, Y., Liu, J., Li, J., & Zhang, T. (2011) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1095 · Cited by 7,526
Zhang, S., Hao, Y., Su, D., Doan-Nguyen, V. V. T., Wu, Y., Li, J., Sun, S., & Murray, C. B. (2014) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja5099066 · Cited by 179
Werckmann, J., Cypriano, J., Lefèvre, C. T., Dembelé, K., Ersen, O., Bazylinski, D. A., Lins, U., & Farina, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08994-9 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Pennycook, S. J.
- Venue
- Ultramicroscopy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1989-06
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 58-69
- ISSN
- 0304-3991 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2063415728
- Cited by
- 580
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 10.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Z-contrast stem for materials science. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0304-3991(89)90173-3
- The paper
- Pennycook, S. J. (1989). Z-contrast stem for materials science. Ultramicroscopy. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(89)90173-3
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
