The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oxygenation dependence of the transverse relaxation time of water protons in whole blood at high field
Abstract
At high and medium magnetic field, the transverse NMR relaxation rate (T-1(2)) of water proteins in blood is determined predominantly by the oxygenation state of haemoglobin. T-1(2) depends quadratically on the field strength and on the proportion of haemoglobin that is deoxygenated. Deoxygenation increases the volume magnetic susceptibility within the erythrocytes and thus creates local field gradients around these cells. From volume susceptibility measurements and the dependence of T-1(2) on the pulse rate in the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill experiment, we show that the increase in T-1(2) with increasing blood deoxygenation arises from diffusion of water through these field gradients.
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In the citing paper
“What causes the BOLD effect is the varying concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin relative to the total hemoglobin that is either deoxygenated or oxygenated (123).”
From Electrophysiological source imaging: A noninvasive window to brain dynamics (2018) · cites this paper as [123]
In the citing paper
“As a result, the concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin decreases in capillary and venous vessels, reducing the paramagnetic susceptibility effect and thus increasing the T2*-weighted signal (123).”
From Electrophysiological source imaging: A noninvasive window to brain dynamics (2018) · cites this paper as [123]
In the citing paper
“Because fMRI signal intensity is sensitive to the amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin (5-7), this change in blood oxygen content at the site of increased brain activity can be detected with fMRI.”
From A default mode of brain function (2001) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
A default mode of brain function
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.98.2.676 · Cited by 12,190
Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.
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Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of human brain activity during primary sensory stimulation.
Kwong, K. K., Belliveau, J. W., Chesler, D. A., Goldberg, I. E., Weisskoff, R. M., Poncelet, B. P., Kennedy, D. N., Hoppel, B. E., Cohen, M. S., & Turner, R. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5675 · Cited by 4,212
The brain's default mode network
Raichle, M. E. (2015) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030 · Cited by 3,904
Ogawa, S., Tank, D. W., Menon, R., Ellermann, J. M., Kim, S. G., Merkle, H., & Ugurbil, K. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.5951 · Cited by 3,681
Metadata
- Authors
- Thulborn, K. R., Waterton, J. C., Matthews, P. M., & Radda, G. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1982-02
- Volume
- 714
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 265-270
- ISSN
- 0304-4165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1980086703
- Cited by
- 1,134
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › NMR spectroscopy and applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- T2 relaxation, water protons, whole blood, hemoglobin oxygenation, volume magnetic susceptibility, erythrocytes, diffusion, high magnetic fields, NMR relaxation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Water, Erythrocytes, Hematocrit, Hemoglobins, Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Oxygen, Protons, Rabbits, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats
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