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A natural measure on the set of all universes
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“Gibbons, Hawking and Stewart (GHS, [63]) showed that there is nevertheless a unique measure satisfying a small number of reasonable constraints: it is positive, independent of coordinate choices, respects the symmetries of the theory, and does not require the introduction of any additional structures.”
From In What Sense Is the Early Universe Fine-Tuned? (2014) · cites this paper as [63]
Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gibbons, G. W., Hawking, S. W., & Stewart, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- Nuclear Physics B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-02
- Volume
- 281
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 736-751
- ISSN
- 0550-3213 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993745521
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 14.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nuclear Physics B (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Mathematical Physics › Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
- Keywords
- Hamiltonian systems, Friedmann models, massive scalar field, cosmic inflation
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