Cited by 156Cosmology and Gravitation TheoriesNoncommutative and Quantum Gravity TheoriesMathematical Dynamics and Fractals

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A natural measure on the set of all universes

Gibbons, G.W., Hawking, S.W., Stewart, J.M.·1987·Nuclear Physics B

DOI 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90425-1

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90425-1

Cites

8 of 8 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics
Arnol'd, V. I. (1978) · Graduate texts in mathematics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1693-1 · Cited by 5,169
Chaotic inflation
Linde, A. D. (1983) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90837-7 · Cited by 3,299
Principles of Statistics
Bulmer, M. G. (1965) · Cited by 678
Inflationary stages in cosmological models with a scalar field
Belinsky, V., Грищук, Л. П., Khalatnikov, I. M., & Zel’dovich, Y. B. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)90644-6 · Cited by 248
A fractal set of perpetually bouncing universe?
Page, D. N. (1984) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/1/4/015 · Cited by 116
Principles of Statistics.
Beaumont, G. P., & Bulmer, M. G. (1966) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2343516 · Cited by 100
Global Riemannian Geometry
Willmore, T. J., & Hitchin, N. J. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 85
Inflation in universes with a massive scalar field
Piran, T., & Williams, R. M. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)90291-6 · Cited by 75

Show all 8 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Hartle, 1983, Phys. Rev., D28, 2960

Sorted by citations

Loop quantum cosmology: a status report
Ashtekar, A., & Singh, P. (2011) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/28/21/213001 · Cited by 1,205
Dark Energy
Li, M., Li, X.-D., Wang, S., & Wang, Y. (2011) · Communications in Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1088/0253-6102/56/3/24 · Cited by 896
Wave packets in minisuperspace
Kiefer, C. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.38.1761 · Cited by 213
Thoughts on tachyon cosmology
Gibbons, G. W. (2003) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/20/12/301 · Cited by 216
Self-citation
Cosmological Models
Ellis, G., & van Elst, H. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4455-1_1 · Cited by 223
Untitled work
(2008) · doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.063516 · Cited by 200
Self-citation
Dark energy: A brief review
Li, M., Li, X.-D., Wang, S., & Wang, Y. (2013) · Frontiers of Physics · doi:10.1007/s11467-013-0300-5 · Cited by 203
Quantum effects in cosmology
Grishchuk, L. P. (1993) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/10/12/006 · Cited by 170
Probability of inflation in loop quantum cosmology
Ashtekar, A., & Sloan, D. (2011) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-011-1246-y · Cited by 174
Unitarity approach to quantum cosmology
Barvinsky, A. O. (1993) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(93)90032-9 · Cited by 155
Nonequilibrium Quantum Field Theory
Calzetta, E., & Hu, B. L. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009290036 · Cited by 202
Inflation, Cosmic Perturbations and Non-Gaussianities
Wang, Y. (2014) · Communications in Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1088/0253-6102/62/1/19 · Cited by 178
Loop quantum cosmology and slow roll inflation
Ashtekar, A., & Sloan, D. (2010) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.09.058 · Cited by 154
A Critical Look at Inflationary Cosmology
Earman, J., & Mosterín, J. (1999) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/392675 · Cited by 118
Robustness of inflation to inhomogeneous initial conditions
Clough, K., Lim, E. A., DiNunno, B. S., Fischler, W., Flauger, R., & Paban, S. (2017) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2017/09/025 · Cited by 139
The entropy and stability of the universe
Gibbons, G. W. (1987) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(87)90670-5 · Cited by 113
Self-citation
How probable is inflation
Hawking, S. W., & Page, D. N. (1988) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(88)90008-9 · Cited by 130
Self-citation
Inflationary Theory and Alternative Cosmology
Kofman, L., Linde, A., & Mukhanov, V. (2002) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2002/10/057 · Cited by 97
Measure and probability in cosmology
Schiffrin, J., & Wald, R. M. (2012) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.86.023521 · Cited by 100
Assessing the scientific status of inflation after Planck
Chowdhury, D., Martin, J., Ringeval, C., & Vennin, V. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.100.083537 · Cited by 101
Measure problem in slow roll inflation and loop quantum cosmology
Corichi, A., & Karami, A. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.104006 · Cited by 89
Scalar field cosmologies and the initial spacetime singularity
Foster, S. (1998) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/15/11/014 · Cited by 80
Cosmic Confusions: Not Supporting versus Supporting Not*
Norton, J. (2010) · Philosophia Scientiæ · doi:10.1086/661504 · Cited by 53
Attractor solutions in scalar-field cosmology
Remmen, G. N., & Carroll, S. M. (2013) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.88.083518 · Cited by 73
The case for an open Universe
Coles, P., & Ellis, G. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/370609a0 · Cited by 65
In What Sense Is the Early Universe Fine-Tuned?
Carroll, S. M. (2014) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1406.3057 · Cited by 87
“) In the case of general relativity, Gibbons, Hawking and Stewart (GHS, [63]) showed that there is nevertheless a unique measure satisfying a small number of reasonable constraints: it is positive, independent of coordinate choices, respects the symmetries of the theory, and does not require the introduction of any ad…”
Background
How many e -folds should we expect from high-scale inflation?
Remmen, G. N., & Carroll, S. M. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.063517 · Cited by 61
Quantum cosmology and open universes
Coule, D. H., & Martin, J. (2000) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.61.063501 · Cited by 60
2 Quantum Cosmology: Effective TheoryPreprint
Martin Bojowald, A. (2016) · Cited by 66
Quantum cosmology: effective theory
Martin Bojowald, A. (2012) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/29/21/213001 · Cited by 83
Robustness of inflation to large tensor perturbations
Clough, K., Flauger, R., & Lim, E. A. (2018) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2018/05/065 · Cited by 56
Cosmology as geodesic motion
Townsend, P. K., & Wohlfarth, M. N. R. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/23/006 · Cited by 54
Susskind's Challenge to the Hartle-Hawking No-Boundary Proposal and Possible ResolutionsPreprint
Page, D. N. (2006) · Cited by 57
Does inflation solve the hot big bang model׳s fine-tuning problems?
McCoy, C. D. (2015) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics · doi:10.1016/j.shpsb.2015.06.002 · Cited by 56
83 years of general relativity and cosmology: progress and problems
Ellis, G. (1999) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/16/12a/303 · Cited by 46
The effects of potential shape on inhomogeneous inflation
Aurrekoetxea, J. C., Clough, K., Flauger, R., & Lim, E. A. (2020) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/05/030 · Cited by 47
Inflationary attractors and their measures
Corichi, A., & Sloan, D. (2014) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/31/6/062001 · Cited by 46
Testable solution of the cosmological constant and coincidence problems
Shaw, D. J., & Barrow, J. D. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.043518 · Cited by 43
Inflation in a renormalizable cosmological model and the cosmic no-hair conjecture
Maeda, K.-I., Stein‐Schabes, J. A., & Futamase, T. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.39.2848 · Cited by 41
Scalar Field Cosmologies and the Initial Space-Time Singularity
Foster, S. (1998) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 42
Emergent semiclassical time in quantum gravity: I. Mechanical models
Anderson, E. (2007) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/24/11/011 · Cited by 51
What is a typical wave function for the universe?
Gibbons, G. W., & Грищук, Л. П. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90405-7 · Cited by 41
Self-citation
Does inflation necessarily imply Ω=1?
Ellis, G. (1988) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/5/6/010 · Cited by 41
An alternative way to inflation and the possibility of anti-inflation
Altshuler, B. L. (1990) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/7/2/012 · Cited by 39
Probability ofR2inflation
Page, D. N. (1987) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.36.1607 · Cited by 38
Susskind’s challenge to the Hartle–Hawking no-boundary proposal and possible resolutions
Page, D. N. (2007) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2007/01/004 · Cited by 57
Loop Quantum Cosmology
Agullo, I., & Corichi, A. (2014) · Springer handbooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-41992-8_39 · Cited by 47
Onset of inflation in loop quantum cosmology
Germani, C., Nelson, W., & Sakellariadou, M. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.76.043529 · Cited by 39
A no-hair theorem for R2 models
Mijić, M., & Stein‐Schabes, J. A. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90182-7 · Cited by 37
EMERGENT SEMICLASSICAL TIME IN QUANTUM GRAVITY. I. MECHANICAL MODELS.Preprint
Anderson, E. J. (2006) · Cited by 37
Canonical measure and the flatness of a FRW universe
Coule, D. H. (1995) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/12/2/015 · Cited by 33
Multiverse Theories
Friederich, S. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108765947 · Cited by 35
QUANTUM COSMOLOGICAL METROLAND MODELPreprint
Anderson, E. J., Franzen, A. T., Physics, T., & ElemPart, S. S. T. C. A. (2010) · Cited by 35
The large scale cosmic microwave background cut-off and the tensor-to-scalar ratio
Nicholson, G., & Contaldi, C. (2008) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2008/01/002 · Cited by 34
Initial conditions for noncanonical inflation
Franche, P., Rhiannon Gwyn, C., Underwood, B., & Wissanji, A. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.82.063528 · Cited by 31
Should We Care about Fine-Tuning?
Koperski, J. (2005) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/axi118 · Cited by 28
RECORDS THEORY
Anderson, E. J. (2009) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271809014686 · Cited by 52
Initial conditions for vector inflation
Chiba, T. (2008) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2008/08/004 · Cited by 28
New Difficulties for the Past Hypothesis
Gryb, S. (2020) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/712879 · Cited by 27
Loop quantum cosmology: The horizon problem and the probability of inflation
Chen, L., & Zhu, J.-Y. (2015) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.92.084063 · Cited by 27
Predictability crisis in early universe cosmology
Smeenk, C. (2013) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics · doi:10.1016/j.shpsb.2013.11.003 · Cited by 27
On the beginning and the end of classical evolution in quantum cosmology
Грищук, Л. П., & Rozhansky, L. V. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90631-4 · Cited by 26
Scale invariance via a phase of slow expansion
Joyce, A., & Khoury, J. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.023508 · Cited by 25
Loop Quantum Cosmology
Agulló, I., & Corichi, A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-46035-1_39 · Cited by 29
Perturbative quantum cosmology: The probability measure on superspace and semiclassical expansion
Barvinsky, A. O. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90504-x · Cited by 21
Does the Hartle-Hawking wavefunction predict the universe we live in?
Грищук, Л. П., & Rozhansky, L. V. (1990) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(90)91992-k · Cited by 21
Emergent semiclassical time in quantum gravity: II. Full geometrodynamics and minisuperspace examples
Anderson, E. (2007) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/24/11/012 · Cited by 22
New action for cosmology
Sloan, D. (2021) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.103.043524 · Cited by 21
When scale is surplus
B, S. G. A., & Sloan, D. (2021) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-021-03443-7 · Cited by 21
Initial conditions and sampling for multifield inflation
Easther, R., & Price, L. C. (2013) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2013/07/027 · Cited by 23
Finite measure for the initial conditions of inflation
Finn, K., & Karamitsos, S. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.99.063515 · Cited by 21
Kantowski-Sachs universes and the cosmic no-hair conjecture
Moniz, P. V. (1993) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.47.4315 · Cited by 19
Entropy and the Typicality of Universes
Barbour, J., Koslowski, T., & Mercati, F. (2015) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1507.06498 · Cited by 18
Herglotz action for homogeneous cosmologies
Sloan, D. (2023) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/accef6 · Cited by 18
Attractors, universality, and inflation
Downes, S., Dutta, B., & Sinha, K. (2012) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.86.103509 · Cited by 18
Warm bounce in loop quantum cosmology and the prediction for the duration of inflation
Barboza, L. N., Graef, L. L., & Ramos, R. O. (2020) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.102.103521 · Cited by 16
Fine-tuning criteria for inflation and the search for primordial gravitational waves
Bird, S., Peiris, H. V., & Easther, R. (2008) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.083518 · Cited by 16
The Big bang and the Quantum
Ashtekar, A., Alimi, J., & Fuözfa, A. (2010) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/1.3462605 · Cited by 17
Brane inflation and the overshoot problem
Bird, S., Peiris, H. V., & Baumann, D. (2009) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.023534 · Cited by 15
A probability measure for FLRW models
Kirchner, U., & Ellis, G. F. R. (2003) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/20/6/311 · Cited by 15
Measure, Topology and Probabilistic Reasoning in CosmologyPreprint
Curiel, E. (2015) · PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1509.01878 · Cited by 15
Statistical properties of cosmological billiards
Damour, T., & Lecian, O. M. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.044038 · Cited by 14
Minimal coupling and attractors
Sloan, D. (2014) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245015 · Cited by 14
Polymer inflation
Hassan, S. M., Husain, V., & Seahra, S. S. (2015) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.91.065006 · Cited by 14
Probability of inflation in loop quantum cosmology
Bedić, S., & VERESHCHAGIN, G. V. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.99.043512 · Cited by 18
Relativistic Cosmology 1999: Issues and Problems
Ellis, G. (2000) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1023/a:1001934013797 · Cited by 12
The Measure for the Multiverse and the Probability for InflationPreprint
Li, M., & Wang, Y. (2013) · Cited by 14
Symmetric-bounce quantum state of the universe
Page, D. N. (2009) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2009/09/026 · Cited by 14
Probability of Bianchi type-I inflation
Chmielowski, P., & Page, D. N. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.38.2392 · Cited by 12
Quantum cosmological approach to the cosmic no-hair conjecture in the Bianchi type-IX spacetime
Jun’ichi Yokoyama, B., & Maeda, K.-I. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.41.1047 · Cited by 12
Measures on mixing angles
Gibbons, G. W., Gielen, S., Pope, C. N., & Turok, N. (2009) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.79.013009 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Robustness of inflation to kinetic inhomogeneities
Elley, M., Aurrekoetxea, J. C., Clough, K., Flauger, R., Giannadakis, P., & Lim, E. A. (2025) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2025/01/050 · Cited by 12
The origin of double inflation
Müller, V., & Schmidt, H. (1989) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/bf00904499 · Cited by 12
Last stand of single small field inflation
Bramante, J., Lehman, L., Martin, A., & Downes, S. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.023530 · Cited by 11
Isotropization by scalar field driven inflation and the cosmological quantum boundary
Lukash, V. N., & Schmidt, H. (1988) · Astronomische Nachrichten · doi:10.1002/asna.2113090105 · Cited by 11
Relativistie Cosmology With Quantum Corrections
Müller, V., & Schmidt, H. (1991) · Fortschritte der Physik/Progress of Physics · doi:10.1002/prop.2190390403 · Cited by 11
The implementation, interpretation, and justification of likelihoods in cosmology
McCoy, C. D. (2017) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics · doi:10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.05.002 · Cited by 10
Large and small field inflation from hyperbolic sigma models
Schimmrigk, R. (2022) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.063541 · Cited by 13
Quantum cosmological metroland model
Anderson, E., & Franzen, A. T. (2010) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/27/4/045009 · Cited by 30
No-bang quantum state of the cosmos
Page, D. N. (2008) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/15/154011 · Cited by 11

Authors: Gibbons, G. W., Hawking, S. W., & Stewart, J. M.
Affiliations: University of Cambridge (GB)
ORCID: Gibbons, G.W.
Hawking, S.W.
Venue: Nuclear Physics B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-02
Volume: 281
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 736-751
ISSN: 0550-3213 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90425-1
OpenAlex: W1993745521
Cited by: 156
References: 8
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 14.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Nuclear Physics B (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Mathematical Physics › Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
Keywords: Hamiltonian systems, Friedmann models, massive scalar field, cosmic inflation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A natural measure on the set of all universes

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks