CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 25

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Bioremediation of dyes from textile and dye manufacturing industry effluent

Khan, Razia, Patel, Vipul, Khan, Zeenat·2020·Abatement of Environmental Pollutants
DOI 10.1016/b978-0-12-818095-2.00005-9
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/b978-0-12-818095-2.00005-9

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 105

  1. Ahmad, 2015, Recent advances in new generation dye removal technologies: novel search for approaches to reprocess wastewater, RSC Advances, 5, 30801, 10.1039/C4RA16959J · DOI · Paper page
  2. Aksu, 2006, Investigation of biosorption of Gemazol Turquise Blue-G reactive dye by dried Rhizopus arrhizus in batch and continuous systems, Separation and Purification Technology, 48, 24, 10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.017 · DOI
  3. Aksu, 2005, Biosorption of reactive dyes on the green alga Chlorella vulgaris, Process Biochemistry, 40, 1347, 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.06.007 · DOI
  4. Arica, 2007, Biosorption of Reactive Red-120 dye from aqueous solution by native and modified fungus biomass preparations of Lentinus sajor-caju, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 149, 499, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.04.021 · DOI
  5. Bai, 2014, Titanium dioxide nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, Chemical Reviews, 114, 10095, 10.1021/cr400606n · DOI
  6. Bankole, 2018, Biodegradation and detoxification of Scarlet RR dye by a newly isolated filamentous fungus, Peyronellaea prosopidis, Sustainable Environment Research, 28, 214, 10.1016/j.serj.2018.03.001 · DOI
  7. Bilal, 2017, Immobilized ligninolytic enzymes: an innovative and environmental responsive technology to tackle dye-based industrial pollutants–a review, The Science of the Total Environment, 576, 646, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.137 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Blamey, 2017, Enzymatic biocatalysis in chemical transformations: a promising and emerging field in green chemistry practice, Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes, 347, 10.1016/B978-0-12-803725-6.00014-5 · DOI
  9. Borràs, 2008, Trametes versicolor pellets production: low-cost medium and scale-up, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 42, 61, 10.1016/j.bej.2008.05.014 · DOI
  10. Brüschweiler, 2017, Azo dyes in clothing textiles can be cleaved into a series of mutagenic aromatic amines which are not regulated yet, Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 88, 214, 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.06.012 · DOI
  11. Bulc, 2008, The use of constructed wetland for dye-rich textile wastewater treatment, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 155, 76, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.11.068 · DOI
  12. Bulc, 2006, Long term performance of a constructed wetland for landfill leachate treatment, Ecological Engineering, 26, 365, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.01.003 · DOI
  13. Chatha, 2017, Enzyme-based solutions for textile processing and dye contaminant biodegradation—a review, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 14005, 10.1007/s11356-017-8998-1 · DOI
  14. Chen, 2007, Biodegradation of crystal violet by Pseudomonas putida, Biotechnology Letters, 29, 391, 10.1007/s10529-006-9265-6 · DOI
  15. Chen, 2009, Biological decolorization of dye solution containing malachite green by Pandoraea pulmonicola YC32 using a batch and continuous system, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 1439, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.009 · DOI
  16. Chen, 2007, Decolorization of azo dye by immobilized Pseudomonas luteola entrapped in alginate–silicate sol–gel beads, Process Biochemistry, 42, 934, 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.03.001 · DOI
  17. Chen, 2016, Influence of textile dye and decolorized metabolites on microbial fuel cell-assisted bioremediation, Bioresource Technology, 200, 1033, 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.011 · DOI
  18. Daâssi, 2014, Biodegradation of textile dyes by immobilized laccase from Coriolopsis gallica into Ca-alginate beads, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 90, 71, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.02.006 · DOI
  19. Davies, 2005, Phytoremediation of textile effluents containing azo dye by using Phragmites australis in a vertical flow intermittent feeding constructed wetland, Ecological Engineering, 25, 594, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2005.07.003 · DOI
  20. Dellamatrice, 2017, Degradation of textile dyes by cyanobacteria, Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 48, 25, 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.012 · DOI
  21. Dönmez, 2002, Removal of chromium (VI) from saline wastewaters by Dunaliella species, Process Biochemistry, 38, 751, 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00204-2 · DOI
  22. Dos Santos, 2005, Enhancing the electron transfer capacity and subsequent color removal in bioreactors by applying thermophilic anaerobic treatment and redox mediators, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 89, 42, 10.1002/bit.20308 · DOI
  23. El-Sheekh, 2009, Biodegradation of dyes by some green algae and cyanobacteria, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 63, 699, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.04.010 · DOI
  24. Fan, 2011, Cloning and functional analysis of a new laccase gene from Trametes sp. 48424 which had the high yield of laccase and strong ability for decolorizing different dyes, Bioresource Technology, 102, 3126, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.079 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Faraco, 2009, Bio-remediation of colored industrial wastewaters by the white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus and their enzymes, Biodegradation, 20, 209, 10.1007/s10532-008-9214-2 · DOI
  26. Forgacs, 2004, Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review, Environment International, 30, 953, 10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.001 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Fu, 2000, Removal of a dye from an aqueous solution by the fungus Aspergillus niger, Water Quality Research Journal, 35, 95, 10.2166/wqrj.2000.006 · DOI
  28. Fu, 2001, Fungal decolorization of dye wastewaters: a review, Bioresource Technology, 79, 251, 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00028-1 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Fu, 2002, Dye biosorption sites in Aspergillus niger, Bioresource Technology, 82, 139, 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00172-9 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Fu, 2010, Degradation of azo dyes using in-situ Fenton reaction incorporated into H2O2-producing microbial fuel cell, Chemical Engineering Journal, 160, 164, 10.1016/j.cej.2010.03.032 · DOI
  31. Gallagher, 1997, Biosorption of synthetic dye and metal ions from aqueous effluents using fungal biomass, Studies in Environmental Science, 66, 27, 10.1016/S0166-1116(97)80033-7 · DOI
  32. Gao, 2014, Treatment of domestic wastewater by an integrated anaerobic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor under moderate to low temperature conditions, Bioresource Technology, 159, 193, 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.086 · DOI
  33. Gomaa, 2008, Decolorization of Victoria blue by the white rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24, 2349, 10.1007/s11274-008-9750-2 · DOI
  34. Hou, 2011, Effect of enrichment procedures on performance and microbial diversity of microbial fuel cell for Congo red decolorization and electricity generation, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 90, 1563, 10.1007/s00253-011-3226-2 · DOI
  35. Hsueh, 2014, Metabolite analysis on reductive biodegradation of reactive green 19 in Enterobacter cancerogenus bearing microbial fuel cell (MFC) and non-MFC cultures, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 45, 436, 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.05.003 · DOI
  36. Ieropoulos, 2005, Comparative study of three types of microbial fuel cell, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 37, 238, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.03.006 · DOI
  37. Jiang, 2011, Enhanced butyric acid tolerance and bioproduction by Clostridium tyrobutyricum immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 108, 31, 10.1002/bit.22927 · DOI
  38. Jiang, 2014, Pickering emulsion stabilized by lipase-containing periodic mesoporous organosilica particles: A robust biocatalyst system for biodiesel production, Bioresource technology, 153, 278, 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.001 · DOI
  39. Kalme, 2007, Biodegradation of benzidine based dye Direct Blue-6 by Pseudomonas desmolyticum NCIM 2112, Bioresource Technology, 98, 1405, 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.05.023 · DOI
  40. Kapdan, 2000, Effect of environmental conditions on biological decolorization of textile dyestuff by C. versicolor, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 26, 381, 10.1016/S0141-0229(99)00168-4 · DOI
  41. Kasinath, 2003, Decolorization of synthetic dyes by Irpex lacteus in liquid cultures and packed-bed bioreactor, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 32, 167, 10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00279-X · DOI
  42. Khan, 2017, Mineralization of a sulfonated textile dye Reactive Red 31 from simulated wastewater using pellets of Aspergillus bombycis, Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 4, 23, 10.1186/s40643-017-0153-9 · DOI
  43. Khan, 2015, Degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye by a newly isolated bacterium Pseudomonas entomophila BS1, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 62, 220, 10.1139/cjm-2015-0552 · DOI
  44. Khelifi, 2008, Aerobic decolourization of the indigo dye-containing textile wastewater using continuous combined bioreactors, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 152, 683, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.059 · DOI
  45. Kiely, 2010, Anodic biofilms in microbial fuel cells harbor low numbers of higher-power-producing bacteria than abundant genera, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 88, 371, 10.1007/s00253-010-2757-2 · DOI
  46. Kim, 2004, Decolorization of dye solutions by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) using white-rot fungi, Desalination, 168, 287, 10.1016/j.desal.2004.07.011 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Kumar, 2012, Decolorization and biodegradation of triphenylmethane dye, brilliant green, by Aspergillus sp. isolated from Ladakh, India, Process Biochemistry, 47, 1388, 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.05.015 · DOI
  48. Kunamneni, 2008, Engineering and applications of fungal laccases for organic synthesis, Microbial Cell Factories, 7, 32, 10.1186/1475-2859-7-32 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Lade, 2015, Biodegradation and detoxification of textile azo dyes by bacterial consortium under sequential microaerophilic/aerobic processes, EXCLI Journal, 14, 158
  50. Li, 2014, Towards sustainable wastewater treatment by using microbial fuel cells-centered technologies, Energy and Environmental Science, 7, 911, 10.1039/C3EE43106A · DOI
  51. Li, 2010, Azo dye treatment with simultaneous electricity production in an anaerobic–aerobic sequential reactor and microbial fuel cell coupled system, Bioresource Technology, 101, 4440, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.114 · DOI
  52. Liu, 2009, Microbial fuel cell with an azo-dye-feeding cathode, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 85, 175, 10.1007/s00253-009-2147-9 · DOI
  53. Lu, 2009, Production and synthetic dyes decolourization capacity of a recombinant laccase from Pichia pastoris, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 107, 1149, 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04291.x · DOI · Paper page
  54. Mahmoud, 2017, Bioremediation of red azo dye from aqueous solutions by Aspergillus niger strain isolated from textile wastewater, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5, 547, 10.1016/j.jece.2016.12.030 · DOI
  55. Manekar, 2014, Detoxifying of high strength textile effluent through chemical and bio-oxidation processes, Bioresource Technology, 157, 44, 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.046 · DOI
  56. Mbuligwe, 2005, Comparative treatment of dye-rich wastewater in engineered wetland systems (EWSs) vegetated with different plants, Water Research, 39, 271, 10.1016/j.watres.2004.09.022 · DOI
  57. Méndez-Paz, 2005, Anaerobic treatment of azo dye Acid Orange 7 under fed-batch and continuous conditions, Water Research, 39, 771, 10.1016/j.watres.2004.11.022 · DOI
  58. Miran, 2018, Sulfate-reducing mixed communities with the ability to generate bioelectricity and degrade textile diazo dye in microbial fuel cells, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 352, 70, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.03.027 · DOI
  59. Moosvi, 2007, An integrated process for the treatment of CETP wastewater using coagulation, anaerobic and aerobic process, Bioresource Technology, 98, 3384, 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.043 · DOI
  60. Mu, 2009, 3-Phenyllactic acid production by substrate feeding and pH-control in fed-batch fermentation of Lactobacillus sp. SK007, Bioresource technology, 100, 5226, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.024 · DOI
  61. Munck, 2018, Biofilm formation of filamentous fungi Coriolopsis sp. on simple muslin cloth to enhance removal of triphenylmethane dyes, Journal of Environmental Management, 214, 261, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.025 · DOI
  62. Narayanasamy, 2018, Improved performance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa catalyzed MFCs with graphite/polyester composite electrodes doped with metal ions for azo dye degradation, Chemical Engineering Journal, 343, 258, 10.1016/j.cej.2018.02.123 · DOI
  63. Niessen, 2004, Exploiting complex carbohydrates for microbial electricity generation–a bacterial fuel cell operating on starch, Electrochemistry Communications, 6, 955, 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.07.010 · DOI
  64. Nimje, 2009, Stable and high energy generation by a strain of Bacillus subtilis in a microbial fuel cell, Journal of Power Sources, 190, 258, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.01.019 · DOI
  65. O’mahony, 2002, Reactive dye biosorption by Rhizopus arrhizus biomass, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 31, 456, 10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00110-2 · DOI
  66. Ong, 2009, Simultaneous removal of color, organic compounds and nutrients in azo dye-containing wastewater using up-flow constructed wetland, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 165, 696, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.071 · DOI
  67. Ozer, 2006, Personality and the prediction of consequential outcomes, Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 401, 10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190127 · DOI
  68. Park, 1999, Microbial utilization of electrically reduced neutral red as the sole electron donor for growth and metabolite production, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65, 2912, 10.1128/AEM.65.7.2912-2917.1999 · DOI
  69. Patel, 2013, Involvement of ligninolytic enzymes of Myceliophthora vellerea HQ871747 in decolorization and complete mineralization of Reactive Blue 220, Chemical Engineering Journal, 233, 98, 10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.110 · DOI
  70. Pereira, 2009, On the mechanism of biotransformation of the anthraquinonic dye acid blue 62 by laccases, Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 351, 1857, 10.1002/adsc.200900271 · DOI
  71. Pham, 2003, A novel electrochemically active and Fe (III)-reducing bacterium phylogenetically related to Aeromonas hydrophila, isolated from a microbial fuel cell, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 223, 129, 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00354-9 · DOI
  72. Pophali, 2003, Influence of hydraulic shock loads and TDS on the performance of large-scale CETPs treating textile effluents in India, Water Research, 37, 353, 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00268-3 · DOI
  73. Rahimnejad, 2015, Microbial fuel cell as new technology for bioelectricity generation: a review, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 54, 745, 10.1016/j.aej.2015.03.031 · DOI
  74. Rathi, 2013, Common environmental infrastructure: case study on the management of common effluent treatment plants, International Journal of Environmental Engineering, 5, 93, 10.1504/IJEE.2013.050890 · DOI
  75. Rezaei, 2009, Simultaneous cellulose degradation and electricity production by Enterobacter cloacae in a microbial fuel cell, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75, 3673, 10.1128/AEM.02600-08 · DOI
  76. Richter, 2008, Electricity generation by Geobacter sulfurreducens attached to gold electrodes, Langmuir, 24, 4376, 10.1021/la703469y · DOI
  77. Rodríguez-Couto, 2009, Removal of synthetic dyes by an eco-friendly strategy, Engineering in Life Sciences, 9, 116, 10.1002/elsc.200800088 · DOI
  78. Saeed, 2012, A review on nitrogen and organics removal mechanisms in subsurface flow constructed wetlands: dependency on environmental parameters, operating conditions and supporting media, Journal of Environmental Management, 112, 429, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.08.011 · DOI
  79. Saratale, 2013, Decolorization and detoxification of sulfonated azo dye CI Remazol Red and textile effluent by isolated Lysinibacillus sp. RGS, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 115, 658, 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.12.009 · DOI
  80. Saratale, 2009, Ecofriendly degradation of sulfonated diazo dye CI Reactive Green 19A using Micrococcus glutamicus NCIM-2168, Bioresource Technology, 100, 3897, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.051 · DOI
  81. Sarayu, 2012, Current technologies for biological treatment of textile wastewater–a review, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 167, 645, 10.1007/s12010-012-9716-6 · DOI · Paper page
  82. Saroj, 2014, Biodegradation of azo dyes acid red 183, direct blue 15 and direct red 75 by the isolate Penicillium oxalicum SAR-3, Chemosphere, 107, 240, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.049 · DOI
  83. Şatiroğlu, 2002, Application of NaOH treated Polyporus versicolor for removal of divalent ions of Group IIB elements from synthetic wastewater, Process Biochemistry, 38, 65, 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00057-2 · DOI
  84. Shaheen, 2017, Immobilized lignin peroxidase from Ganoderma lucidum IBL-05 with improved dye decolorization and cytotoxicity reduction properties, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 103, 57, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.040 · DOI
  85. Sharma, 2017, Biosensors based on β-galactosidase enzyme: recent advances and perspectives, Analytical Biochemistry, 535, 1, 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.019 · DOI
  86. Shedbalkar, 2008, Biodegradation of triphenylmethane dye cotton blue by Penicillium ochrochloron MTCC 517, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 157, 472, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.023 · DOI
  87. Spadaro, 1992, Degradation of azo dyes by the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58, 2397, 10.1128/AEM.58.8.2397-2401.1992 · DOI
  88. Spagni, 2010, Treatment of a simulated textile wastewater containing the azo-dye reactive orange 16 in an anaerobic-biofilm anoxic–aerobic membrane bioreactor, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 64, 676, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2010.08.004 · DOI
  89. Sun, 2009, Simultaneous decolorization of azo dye and bioelectricity generation using a microfiltration membrane air-cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell, Bioresource Technology, 100, 3185, 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.02.002 · DOI
  90. Sun, 2012, Secretory expression and characterization of a soluble laccase from the Ganoderma lucidum strain 7071-9 in Pichia pastoris, Molecular Biology Reports, 39, 3807, 10.1007/s11033-011-1158-7 · DOI
  91. Taher, 2017, The use of alternative solvents in enzymatic biodiesel production: a review, Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 11, 168, 10.1002/bbb.1727 · DOI
  92. Talha, 2018, Bioremediation of Congo red dye in immobilized batch and continuous packed bed bioreactor by Brevibacillus parabrevis using coconut shell bio-char, Bioresource Technology, 252, 37, 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.081 · DOI
  93. Teerapatsakul, 2017, Repeated batch for dye degradation in an airlift bioreactor by laccase entrapped in copper alginate, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 120, 52, 10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.02.001 · DOI
  94. Torrijos, 2016, Effect of by-pass and effluent recirculation on nitrogen removal in hybrid constructed wetlands for domestic and industrial wastewater treatment, Water Research, 103, 92, 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.028 · DOI
  95. Van der Zee, 2001, Azo dye decolourisation by anaerobic granular sludge, Chemosphere, 44, 1169, 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00270-8 · DOI
  96. Watson, 2010, Power production in MFCs inoculated with Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 or mixed cultures, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 105, 489, 10.1002/bit.22556 · DOI
  97. Won, 2005, Interaction between protonated waste biomass of Corynebacterium glutamicum and anionic dye Reactive Red 4, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 262, 175, 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.04.028 · DOI
  98. Wong, 1999, Laccase-catalyzed decolorization of synthetic dyes, Water Research, 33, 3512, 10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00066-4 · DOI
  99. Xiang, 2016, Molecular-scale electronics: from concept to function, Chemical Reviews, 116, 4318, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00680 · DOI
  100. Zhang, 2016, Porous Co3O4 hollow nanododecahedra for nonenzymatic glucose biosensor and biofuel cell, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 81, 46, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.027 · DOI
  101. Zhang, 1999, Crystal structure of Thermus aquaticus core RNA polymerase at 3.3 Å resolution, Cell, 98, 811, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81515-9 · DOI · Paper page
  102. Zheng, 1999, Decolorization of polymeric dyes by a novel Penicillium isolate, Process Biochemistry, 34, 31, 10.1016/S0032-9592(98)00061-2 · DOI
  103. Zhong, 2010, Recent advances in bioreactor engineering, Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 27, 1035, 10.1007/s11814-010-0277-5 · DOI
  104. Zhou, 1991, Removal of humic acid fractions by Rhizopus arrhizus: uptake and kinetic studies, Environmental Technology, 12, 859, 10.1080/09593339109385080 · DOI
  105. Zhou, 1993, Mechanism of humic acid colour removal from natural waters by fungal biomass biosorption, Chemosphere, 27, 607, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90096-N · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Khan, R., Patel, V., & Khan, Z.
Venue
Abatement of Environmental Pollutants
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
2020
Pages
107-125
DOI
10.1016/b978-0-12-818095-2.00005-9
Cited by
25
References
0
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review