The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Guilt, shame and need for a container: a study of post-traumatic stress among ambulance personnel
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress symptoms among ambulance personnel are regarded as a natural behaviour and reaction to working with the severely injured, suicides, injured children and dead people. The findings show that post-traumatic stress symptoms, guilt, shame and self-reproach are common after duty-related traumatic events. To handle these overwhelming feelings it is necessary to talk about them with fellow workers, friends or family members. By using another person as a container it is possible to internalise the traumatic experience. Poor and un-emphatic behaviour towards a patient and their relatives can have its origin in untreated traumatic experiences. Personnel in ambulance organisations who perform defusing, debriefing and counselling have to be informed of the importance that the roll of guilt and shame may play in the developing of post-traumatic stress symptoms.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Similarly, paramedics report experiencing very high rates of exposure to human suffering9 for which they often feel responsible,55 potentiating substantial emotional stress.55,56”
From Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada (2018) · cites this paper as [55]
Citations
Cites
Hepburn, R. W., Heidegger, M., Macquarrie, J., & Robinson, E. (1927) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 12,201
Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults
Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B., & Valentine, J. D. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.5.748 · Cited by 5,243
Bion, W. R., & Hinshelwood, R. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003411840 · Cited by 3,063
Giorgi, A. P. (1997) · Journal of Phenomenological Psychology · doi:10.1163/156916297x00103 · Cited by 2,275
Phenomenology and Psychological Research
Giorgi, A., & Aanstoos, C. M. (1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,210
Bion, W. R. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429472107 · Cited by 1,424
Levine, H. B. (2024) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781032661230-8 · Cited by 909
International Handbook of Traumatic Stress Syndromes
Wilson, J. P., & Raphael, B. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2820-3 · Cited by 871
Lewis, M. (1992) · Cited by 842
Repression and dissociation: implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-3001 · Cited by 694
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Berger, W., Coutinho, E. S. F., Figueira, I., Marques-Portella, C., Luz, M. P., Neylan, T. C., Marmar, C. R., & Mendlowicz, M. V. (2012) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0408-2 · Cited by 712
Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada
Carleton, R. N., Afifi, T. O., Turner, S., Taillieu, T., Duranceau, S., LeBouthillier, D. M., Sareen, J., Ricciardelli, R., MacPhee, R. S., Groll, D., et al. (2018) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743717723825 · Cited by 558
“Similarly, paramedics report experiencing very high rates of exposure to human suffering(9) for which they often feel responsible,(55) potentiating substantial emotional stress.(55,56) Differences may also be based on populations being served, such as for correctional workers who engage with incarcerated persons in ex…”
BackgroundLawn, S., Roberts, L., Willis, E., Couzner, L., Mohammadi, L., & Goble, E. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02752-4 · Cited by 304
The costs of ‘being with the woman’: secondary traumatic stress in midwifery
Leinweber, J., & Rowe, H. J. (2008) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2008.04.003 · Cited by 174
Suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among public safety personnel in Canada
Carleton, R. N., Afifi, T. O., Turner, S., Taillieu, T., LeBouthillier, D. M., Duranceau, S., Sareen, J., Ricciardelli, R., MacPhee, R. S., Groll, D., et al. (2018) · Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/cap0000136 · Cited by 151
Lentz, L. M., Smith-MacDonald, L., Malloy, D., Carleton, R. N., & Brémault-Phillips, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.639781 · Cited by 143
de la Cruz, S. P., Cebrino, J., Herruzo, J., & Vaquero-Abellán, M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9041007 · Cited by 131
Responses to birth trauma and prevalence of posttraumatic stress among Australian midwives.
Leinweber, J., Creedy, D., Rowe, H., & Gamble, J. (2017) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2016.06.006 · Cited by 121
Mitani, S., Fujita, M., Nakata, K., & Shirakawa, T. (2006) · Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.08.008 · Cited by 116
Exploring the nature of resilience in paramedic practice: A psycho-social study
Clompus, S. R., & Albarran, J. W. (2016) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2015.11.006 · Cited by 113
Trauma-related guilt and posttraumatic stress among journalists.
Browne, T., Evangeli, M., & Greenberg, N. (2012) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21678 · Cited by 102
Factors influencing decision making among ambulance nurses in emergency care situations
Gunnarsson, B., & Stomberg, M. W. (2009) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2008.10.004 · Cited by 102
Beaumont, E., Galpin, A., & Jenkins, P. (2012) · Counselling Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpscpr.2011.27.1.31 · Cited by 108
Sheen, K., Slade, P., & Spiby, H. (2013) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12274 · Cited by 89
Managing stress in prehospital care: Strategies used by ambulance nurses
Bohström, D., Carlström, E., & Sjöström, N. (2016) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2016.08.004 · Cited by 123
Paramedics’ Experiences and Coping Strategies When Encountering Critical Incidents
Avraham, N., Goldblatt, H., & Yafe, E. (2014) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732313519867 · Cited by 78
Svensson, A., & Fridlund, B. (2008) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2007.10.002 · Cited by 95
Occupational stress, paramedic informal coping strategies: a review of the literature
Mildenhall, J. (2012) · Journal of Paramedic Practice · doi:10.12968/jpar.2012.4.6.318 · Cited by 70
de Boer, J., van Rikxoort, S., Bakker, A. B., & Smit, B. J. (2013) · Nursing in Critical Care · doi:10.1111/nicc.12020 · Cited by 65
Minnie, L., Goodman, S., & Wallis, L. A. (2015) · African Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2014.10.010 · Cited by 64
Mishra, S. K., Goebert, D. A., Char, E., DUKES, P., & Ahmed, I. (2010) · Emergency Medicine Journal · doi:10.1136/emj.2009.080622 · Cited by 68
Kang, P., Lv, Y., Hao, L., Tang, B., Liu, Z., Liu, X., Liu, Y., & Zhang, L. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.047 · Cited by 55
Elmir, R., Pangas, J., Dahlen, H. G., & Schmied, V. A. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.13965 · Cited by 54
Auth, N. M., Booker, M. J., Wild, J., & Riley, R. A. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047814 · Cited by 62
A socioecological model of posttraumatic stress among Australian midwives
Leinweber, J., Creedy, D. K., Rowe, H. J., & Gamble, J. A. (2016) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2016.12.001 · Cited by 48
Beaumont, E., Durkin, M. A., McAndrew, S., & Martin, C. R. (2016) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x16000209 · Cited by 58
Stress monitoring of ambulance personnel during work and leisure time
Aasa, U., Kalezic, N., Lyskov, E., Ängquist, K.-A., & Barnekow-Bergkvist, M. (2006) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-006-0103-x · Cited by 43
Work related post-traumatic stress as described by Jordanian emergency nurses
Jönsson, A., & Halabi, J. O. (2006) · Accident and Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.aaen.2006.02.001 · Cited by 42
Behnke, A., Rojas, R., Karrasch, S., Hitzler, M., & Kolassa, I. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02305 · Cited by 41
Caring science research in the ambulance services: an integrative systematic review
Sundström, B. W., Bremer, A., Lindström, V., & Vicente, V. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.12607 · Cited by 35
Nordén, C., Hult, K., & Engström, Å. H. (2013) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2013.04.003 · Cited by 34
Myall, M., Rowsell, A., Lund, S., Turnbull, J. C., Arber, M. R., Crouch, R., Pocock, H., Deakin, C. D., & Richardson, A. M. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036925 · Cited by 33
Causo, F., & Quinlan, E. (2021) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050067.2021.1890983 · Cited by 35
Oh, S., & Lee, M. (2008) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.07.012 · Cited by 31
Building Personal Resilience in Primary Care Paramedic Students, and Subsequent Skill Decay
Vaughan, A. D., Stoliker, B. E., & Andérson, G. S. (2020) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · doi:10.33151/ajp.17.803 · Cited by 30
Okumuş, M., Ceceli, E., Tuncay, F., Kocaoglu, S., Palulu, N., & Yorgancioglu, Z. R. (2010) · Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/bmr-2010-0264 · Cited by 28
Honkavuo, L. K., & Lindström, U. Å. (2012) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01468.x · Cited by 27
Karlsson, K., Niemelä, P., & Jönsson, A. (2011) · Prehospital and Disaster Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1049023x10000129 · Cited by 36
van Doorn, S. C. M., Verhalle, R. C., Ebben, R. H. A., Frost, D. M., Vloet, L. C. M., & de Brouwer, C. P. M. (2020) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2020.100952 · Cited by 24
Ambulance nurses' experiences of deciding a patient does not require ambulance care
Backman, T., Juuso, P., Borg, R., & Engström, Å. H. (2019) · Nursing Open · doi:10.1002/nop2.255 · Cited by 24
Edqvist, M., Lindgren, H. E., & Lundgren, I. (2014) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-258 · Cited by 23
An Intervention Framework to Facilitate Psychological Trauma Management in High-Risk Occupations
Jonker, B. E., Graupner, L. I., & Rossouw, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00530 · Cited by 21
Măirean, C. (2016) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1007/s10804-016-9228-7 · Cited by 19
Pre-hospital burn mission as a unique experience: A qualitative study
Froutan, R., Khankeh, H. R., Fallahi‐Khoshknab, M., Ahmadi, F., & Nourozi, K. (2014) · Burns · doi:10.1016/j.burns.2014.04.010 · Cited by 17
Sahebi, A., Yousefi, K., Moayedi, S., Golitaleb, N., Vardanjani, A. E., & Golitaleb, M. (2020) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.18502/ijps.v15i4.4301 · Cited by 16
Léonard, C., Charriau-Perret, A., Debaty, G. P., Belle, L., Ricard, C., Sánchez, C., Dupré, P.-M., Panoff, G., Bougerol, T., Viglino, D., et al. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13049-021-00912-3 · Cited by 14
Guzzon, A., Nones, G., Camedda, C., & Longobucco, Y. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12040415 · Cited by 12
Traumatization and PTSD in Rescue Workers: Prevention, Assessment, and Interventions
Setti, I., & Argentero, P. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08359-9_78 · Cited by 12
Relationship between Burnout Syndrome and Personality Characteristics in Emergency Ambulance Crew
Bergmüller, A., Zavgorodnii, I., Zavgorodnia, N. I., Kapustnik, W., & Boeckelmann, I. (2018) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-018-0578-4 · Cited by 13
Özçoban, F. A., Türkmen, H., & Dilcen, H. Y. (2021) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/138596 · Cited by 12
Arbeitsanforderungen und Ressourcen im Rettungsdienst
Hering, T., Beerlage, I., & Kleiber, D. (2011) · Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie · doi:10.1026/0943-8149/a000051 · Cited by 12
Hoff, J., Zimmerman, A., Tupetz, A., Vleet, L. V., Staton, C. A., & Joiner, A. (2022) · Prehospital Emergency Care · doi:10.1080/10903127.2022.2074178 · Cited by 11
Svensson, A., Fridlund, B., Wångmar, E., & Elmqvist, C. (2016) · Nordic journal of nursing research · doi:10.1177/2057158516637236 · Cited by 11
Puyvelde, M. V., Herck, J. V., den Bossche, J. V., Goethals, F., Gijbels, D., Detaille, F., & Pattyn, N. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1136090 · Cited by 13
Khan, K., Charters, J., Graham, T. L., Nasriani, H. R., Ndlovu, S., & Mai, J. (2017) · Safety and Health at Work · doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2017.11.002 · Cited by 10
Nurse’s experiences of the caring encounter as single responder in prehospital emergency care
Vicente, V., Bergqvist, L., Kvist, M., Wahlin, R. R., & Sjölin, H. (2021) · International Emergency Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2021.101051 · Cited by 10
Heroism and paramedic practice: A constructivist metasynthesis of qualitative research
Rees, N., Williams, J., Hogan, C., Smyth, L., & Archer, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1016841 · Cited by 9
Korpela, S., & Nordquist, H. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12967 · Cited by 9
Vis, J., Ramsbottom, K., Marcella, J., McAnulty, J., Kelley, M. L., Kortes-Miller, K., & Jones-Bonofiglio, K. (2016) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244016665888 · Cited by 9
DOĞUMHANEDE ÇALIŞAN EBELERDE MERHAMET YORGUNLUĞU ALGISI: NİTEL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Sökmen, Y., & TAŞPINAR, A. (2021) · Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.47115/jshs.775349 · Cited by 9
Kim, B. Y., Park, H., Kim, J. I., Oh, S., Moon, S. Y., Lee, J., & Kim, J. (2025) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2512680 · Cited by 11
Völker, J., & Flohr-Devaud, M. E. F. (2021) · Notfall + Rettungsmedizin · doi:10.1007/s10049-021-00930-9 · Cited by 8
Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Zhu, S., Du, C., & Zhang, W. (2016) · Asia-Pacific Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/appy.12262 · Cited by 5
Margalit, M., Abramowitz, M. Z., Jaffe, E., Herbst, R., & Knobler, H. Y. (2019) · European Journal of Special Needs Education · doi:10.1080/08856257.2019.1708640 · Cited by 5
Traumatization and PTSD in Rescue Workers: Prevention, Assessment, and Interventions
Setti, I., & Argentero, P. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08613-2_78-1 · Cited by 5
Bergmüller, A., Zavgorodnii, I., Zavgorodnia, N. I., Kapustnik, W., & Boeckelmann, I. (2016) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro201611612125-29 · Cited by 5
Compassion fatigue and psychological resilience in nurses: A mixed method study
Durgu, N., & Durmuş, H. A. (2023) · Journal of Human Sciences · doi:10.14687/jhs.v20i3.6400 · Cited by 4
Greinacher, A., Cranz, A., Jenzer, J., Nikendei, A., Kottke, R., Wiesbeck, J., Friederich, H., & Nikendei, C. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01382-7 · Cited by 4
Reffi, A. N., & Cheng, P. (2023) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsad064 · Cited by 4
An examination of forgiveness and revenge in victims of crime
Field, C. (2012) · Murdoch University Research Portal · Cited by 4
Moral Injury: Need and Development of a Measurement Scale for Firefighters
DeMoulin, D., Harris, J. I., McGovern, P. M., Beebe, T. J., Church, T. R., & Kim, H. S. (2023) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-023-00305-6 · Cited by 3
Sato, Y., Nozue, K., & Sugiyama, D. (2024) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.09.005 · Cited by 3
The psychological health of remote area medics in Iraq
Whittaker-Howe, S., Brown, G. P., Williamson, V., & Greenberg, N. L. (2017) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqx138 · Cited by 3
Beaumont, E., Galpin, A. J., & Jenkins, P. (2012) · Counselling Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpscpr.2012.27.1.31 · Cited by 3
Garratt, M. (2023) · British Paramedic Journal · doi:10.29045/14784726.2023.3.7.4.1 · Cited by 2
Bjerså, K. (2007) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 2
Lundén, K., Baigi, A., Lidell, E. A.-S., Hildingh, C. I., & Fridlund, B. (2007) · Nordic journal of nursing research · doi:10.1177/010740830702700303 · Cited by 2
Marcelino, D., Figueiras, M. J., & Claudino, A. (2012) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · Cited by 2
Nord‐Ljungquist, H., Engström, Å. H., Fridlund, B., & Elmqvist, C. (2021) · Nordic journal of nursing research · doi:10.1177/20571585211009465 · Cited by 2
Kapustnyk, V. A., Zavgorodnii, I., Boeckelmann, I., Літовченко, О. Л., & Lаlymеnко, О. S. (2018) · Ukrainian Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.33573/ujoh2018.04.058 · Cited by 2
Mental health struggles among newly qualified paramedics
Mosiane, A. R., McInerney, P. A., & Sobuwa, S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-28150-y · Cited by 1
The Moral Architecture of Healthcare Systems and Other Organisations
Williams, R., & Kemp, V. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009019330.039 · Cited by 1
Çelen, Ö., & ŞİMŞEK, Z. (2024) · Hastane Öncesi Dergisi · doi:10.54409/hod.1469745 · Cited by 1
Marcelino, D., Figueiras, M. J., & Claudino, A. (2012) · Psicologia Saúde & Doenças · doi:10.15309/12psd130109 · Cited by 3
Pastoral counselling of the paramedic in the working environment
Schröder-Groenewald, A. (2012) · Cited by 1
Stress and Mental Well‐Being in Emergency Medical Dispatchers
Coxon, A. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119609568.ch4 · Cited by 1
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AND HEALTH PERSPECTIVE: VICTIMS OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS IN JORDAN
Al-Kofahy, L. (2015) · European Scientific Journal ESJ
COPINGSTRATEGIER FÖR AMBULANSPERSONAL. STRESS OCH PTSD- RELATERADE SYMTOM
Persson, L., & Sahlberg, C. (2015) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University)
Meyer, W. T., Berth, H., Solomons, L. C., Pajonk, F., & Balck, F. B. (2009) · Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s10354-009-0681-9
Individual Responses to Stress and Burnout: Workplace Issues for Australian Nurses and Midwives
Skinner, V., Madison, J., & Humphries, J. H. (2010) · EPubDev Repository
Stefano, C. D., Akodad, H., Gauducheau, H., Reuter, P., Ricard, J.-D., Pétrovic, T., Adnet, F., Truchot, J., & Lapostolle, F. (2019) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2019.02.004 · Cited by 1
Student Identity Development and Vulnerability
Seymour-Walsh, A. E. (2019) · Springer briefs in education · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-26792-6_7
Rationale for Early Psychological Intervention Among Disaster Actors in Nairobi County, Kenya
Ndulu, E. K., Iyaya, M., & Iyaya, M. (2019) · doi:10.7176/jep/10-36-13
Jigfelt, S., & Thyrvin, M. (2013) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Hur kamratstöd hjälper ambulanspersonal att gå vidare efter starka upplevelser
Eriksson, J. (2008) · Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)
Rationale for Early Psychological Intervention Among Disaster Actors in Nairobi County, Kenya
Ndulu, E. K., Iyaya, M., & Iyaya, M. (2019) · doi:10.7176/jep/10-32-08
Mental health difficulties in paramedics: A review of the literature
Thomas, J. (2023) · Counselling Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpscpr.2023.38.2.18
Perceptions of pre-hospital emergency personnel regarding trauma patient care
Razmjoee, N., Mohebbi, Z., Kalyani, M. N., & Keshtkaran, Z. (2024) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-024-07013-1
Adolfsson, L., & Pavlovic, J. (2011) · Borås Academic Digital Archive (University of Borås)
Posttraumatisk stress bland ambulanspersonal vid en ambulansstation i mellansverige
Mäkinen, K., & Mattsson, O. (2008) · DiVA (University of Gävle)
Metadata
- Authors
- Jonsson, A., & Segesten, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Venue
- Accident and Emergency Nursing
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 215-223
- ISSN
- 0965-2302 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2064686894
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Accident and Emergency Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress, ambulance personnel, guilt, shame, self-blame, traumatic events, emotional containment, peer support, debriefing, counseling, occupational injuries, emergency medical services
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Ambulances, Attitude of Health Personnel, Burnout, Professional, Communication, Counseling, Crisis Intervention, Emergency Medical Technicians, Empathy, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Models, Psychological, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Shame, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Sweden, Nursing Methodology Research, Occupational Health
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
