Paramedics’ Experiences and Coping Strategies When Encountering Critical Incidents
Open accessAbstract
Paramedics frequently encounter critical incidents (CIs). Their emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to these encounters present them with a variety of difficulties on the way to, during, and after events. The aim of our study was to examine how paramedics working in a large emergency service organization in Israel experienced CIs and the coping strategies they used to deal with these experiences. We interviewed 15 paramedics from this organization. Through data analysis, we revealed two main themes: (1) between connection and detachment and (2) between control and lack of control of the situation. Paramedics, who connected with their feelings regarding the patient and/or the family in different CIs, as well as those who sensed a lack of control, experienced difficult and negative emotions. To achieve detachment, they used a variety of coping strategies. Those who experienced cognitive and functional control of the situation reported a positive and empowering experience.
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Exposure to critical incidents has an overwhelming deleterious effect on paramedic mental health.
“Avraham, Goldblatt, and Yafe (2014) highlighted through interviews the overwhelming deleterious effect that exposure to critical incidents has on paramedic mental health (Avraham et al., 2014).”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Avraham et al., 2014
Paramedics who connected their feelings to the patient and/or family along with those who sensed a loss of control experienced difficult and negative emotions.
“Those that connected their feelings to the patient and/ or family along with those who sensed a loss of control experienced difficult and negative emotions.”
From Understanding the Occupational Factors that Influence Paramedic Health and Wellbeing (2024) · cites this paper as Avraham, N., Goldblatt, H. & Yafe, E. 2014
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Exploring locus of control and vicarious trauma in therapeutic service providers
Stahnke, B., Cooley, M. E., Tuttle, B. S., & Thompson, H. (2025) · Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice · doi:10.1016/j.xjep.2025.100755 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in police personnel exposed to sexual trauma
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Posttraumatic growth in firefighters
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Paramedicine as a (K)NUTS profession: Rethinking knowledge, stress and professional becoming
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ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTÃO EMOCIONAL DOS ENFERMEIROS NO PRÉ-HOSPITALAR: PROTOCOLO DE SCOPING REVIEW
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- Authors
- Avraham, N., Goldblatt, H., & Yafe, E.
- Affiliations
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- University of Haifa (IL)
- Magen David Adom, Tel Aviv, Israel
- ORCID
- Goldblatt, Hadass
- Venue
- Qualitative Health Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 194-208
- ISSN
- 1049-7323 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7557
- OpenAlex
- W2103911460
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Qualitative Health Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Keywords
- paramedics, critical incidents, coping strategies, emotional responses, detachment, perceived control, emergency medical services, occupational stress, paramedic experience
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Allied Health Personnel, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interviews as Topic, Israel, Male, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological, Workplace, Qualitative Research
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