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Cognitive flexibility: A distinct element of performance impairment due to sleep deprivation

Honn, K.A., Hinson, J.M., Whitney, P., Van Dongen, H.P.A.·2019·Accident Analysis & Prevention
DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2018.02.013
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Abstract

In around-the-clock operations, reduced alertness due to circadian misalignment and sleep loss causes performance impairment, which can lead to catastrophic errors and accidents. There is mounting evidence that performance on different tasks is differentially affected, but the general principles underlying this differentiation are not well understood. One factor that may be particularly relevant is the degree to which tasks require executive control, that is, control over the initiation, monitoring, and termination of actions in order to achieve goals. A key aspect of this is cognitive flexibility, i.e., the deployment of cognitive control resources to adapt to changes in events. Loss of cognitive flexibility due to sleep deprivation has been attributed to "feedback blunting," meaning that feedback on behavioral outcomes has reduced salience - and that feedback is therefore less effective at driving behavior modification under changing circumstances. The cognitive mechanisms underlying feedback blunting are as yet unknown. Here we present data from an experiment that investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on performance after an unexpected reversal of stimulus-response mappings, requiring cognitive flexibility to maintain good performance. Nineteen healthy young adults completed a 4-day in-laboratory study. Subjects were randomized to either a total sleep deprivation condition (n = 11) or a control condition (n = 8). Athree-phase reversal learning decision task was adm…

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Research works printed but not linked: 28

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Metadata

Authors
Honn, K. A., Hinson, J. M., Whitney, P., & Van Dongen, H. P. A.
Venue
Accident Analysis & Prevention
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-05
Volume
126
Pages
191-197
ISSN
0001-4575
DOI
10.1016/j.aap.2018.02.013
Cited by
105
References
7
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Funders
NIH (R21CA167691)

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Honn, K. A., Hinson, J. M., Whitney, P., & Van Dongen, H. P. A. (2019). Cognitive flexibility: A distinct element of performance impairment due to sleep deprivation. Accident Analysis & Prevention. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.02.013