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Cited by 47Identity, Memory, and TherapyPsychosocial Factors Impacting YouthChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Further insight into adolescent personal identity statuses: Differences based on self‐esteem, family climate, and family communication

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Albert Sznitman, Gillian, Zimmermann, Grégoire, Van Petegem, Stijn·2019·Journal of Adolescence
DOI 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.01.003
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Abstract

Introduction: During adolescence, youngsters are faced with the challenging task of forming an identity. This process can be either supported or hindered by adolescents' family context. The present study used a six‐process model of personal identity including the five identity processes described by the dual‐cycle model of identity (exploration in breadth, commitment making, exploration in depth, identification with commitment, and ruminative exploration) as well as a sixth identity process of reconsideration of commitment, commonly described in the three‐factor model of identity. In the current investigation, we sought to evaluate how adolescents in identity statuses derived from this six‐process model differed based on psychological adjustment, perceived family climate, and family communication. Method: A total of 1105 Swiss adolescents (Mage = 15.08; 51% female) completed self‐report questionnaires at one time point. Using a person‐centered approach, identity statuses were empirically derived and unique profiles for each identity status were identified. Results: We identified six identity statuses: Achievement, Foreclosure, Ruminative Moratorium, Reconsidering Achievement, Troubled Diffusion, and Carefree Diffusion. Statuses with the highest degree of commitment showed the most optimal profiles of psychological adjustment and perceived family climate, whereas those with the lowest levels of commitment demonstrated the least optimal profiles. Adolescents in the Reconsidering Achievement status, however, reported high levels of both parental support and psychological control. Conclusion: The use of the six‐process model of identity allowed for the derivation of six identity statuses and provided further insight into how adolescents in different identity statuses confront identity‐related issues in the context of their family.

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  • Higher identity consolidation, commitment, or exploration in-depth are associated with more positive family relationships (higher perceived family climate, more family cohesion, higher parental trust, lower emotional separation, more support from parents and siblings).

    “A higher degree of identity consolidation, commitment, or exploration in-depth have been associated with a higher perceived family climate [43], more family cohesion [44], higher parental trust and lower emotional separation [45], and more support from parents and siblings [46]”

    From Adolescent identity development in context. (2022) · cites this paper as [43]

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Authors
Albert Sznitman, G., Zimmermann, G., & Van Petegem, S.
Affiliations
  • FAmily and DevelOpment Research Center (FADO) Institute of Psychology University of Lausanne Switzerland
  • University of Lausanne (CH)
ORCID
Zimmermann, Grégoire
Venue
Journal of Adolescence
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-01-22
Volume
71
Issue
1
Pages
99-109
ISSN
  • 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9254
DOI
10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.01.003
OpenAlex
W2913643730
Cited by
47
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4
FWCI
11.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (10014_156155/1)
  • Swiss National Science Foundation (10014_156155/1)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords
personal identity development, self-esteem, family climate, family communication, identity commitment, psychological adjustment, parental support, psychological control, identity foreclosure, identity diffusion
MeSH terms
Emotional Adjustment, Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Self Concept, Social Identification, Self Report

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