Cited by 243Ocular Oncology and TreatmentsOcular Diseases and Behçet’s SyndromeCutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management

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Population-Based Incidence of Uveal Melanoma in Various Races and Ethnic Groups

Hu, Dan-Ning, Yu, Guo-Pei, McCormick, Steven A., Schneider, Susan, Finger, Paul T.·2005·American Journal of Ophthalmology

DOI 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.05.034

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Abstract

Purpose To investigate racial/ethnic differences in the development of uveal malignant melanoma in a large population-based study.Design Observational cross-sectional study.Methods With the 1992 to 2000 data that was provided by the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we calculated age-adjusted incidence rates of uveal melanoma in various racial/ethnic groups (black, Asian and Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white). In addition, we calculated the standard incidence ratio (risk ratio) and 95% confidence interval to describe the differences within these racial/ethnic groups.Results From 1992 to 2000, there were a total of 1352 uveal melanomas that were diagnosed in 11 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries with known racial/ethnic groups. The annual age-adjusted incidence (per million population) of uveal melanoma was 0.31 (black), 0.38 (Asian), 1.67 (Hispanic), and 6.02 (non-Hispanic white). The difference in the incidence of uveal melanoma between each racial/ethnic group was highly statistically significant, with the exception of the black versus the Asian population in which there was no statistically significant difference.Conclusion The relative risk of uveal melanoma was 1.2 for Asian and Pacific Islander patients, 5.4 for Hispanic patients, and 19.2 for non-Hispanic white patients as compared with the black patients. If the non-Hispanic white population and the Hispanic population were combined, then the overall white:black ratio was 18:1.

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“Uveal melanoma as the most common primary intra-ocular tumour in adults (Singh & Topham 2003; Coupland et al. 2013; Zloto et al. 2013) has a reported incidence of 5–7 per million (Hu et al. 2005; Coupland et al. 2013).”
Background
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“Caucasians are 19 times more likely to have choroidal melanoma than African Americans and 16 times more likely than Asians (Hu et al., 2005).”
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The Trends of Uveal Melanoma Research in the Past Two Decades and Future Perspectives
Elubous, K. A., Al-Ebous, A., Abous, H. A., & Elubous, R. A. (2021) · SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1007/s42399-021-01068-y · Cited by 3
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Mishra, K., & Mruthyunjaya, P. (2025) · Seminars in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1080/08820538.2025.2480188 · Cited by 2
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“The incidence is significantly lower in Asians (0.38 per million) than in Caucasians (6.02 per million), 67,68 and Chinese patients tend to present at a younger age with larger tumors.”
Influential
Immunohistochemical and molecular profiling of uveal melanoma: clinicopathological correlations from an Italian cohort
Fortarezza, F., Zarrilli, G., Munari, G., Angerilli, V., Balistreri, M., Piccin, L., Balistreri, M., Salizzato, V., Pigozzo, J., Midena, G., et al. (2026) · Pathologica · doi:10.32074/1591-951x-1659 · Cited by 2
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“Historically, it has been observed that uveal melanoma in Asian, Black, Pacific, and Hispanic populations presented earlier 1,22,23 and we do note that case two also identifies with Asian ancestry.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Uveal and conjunctival melanomas: disease course and outcomes in Chinese patients
Chan, J. Y., Lam, S. C., & Yuen, H. K. L. (2023) · Hong Kong Medical Journal · doi:10.12809/hkmj219451 · Cited by 2
“21,24 In the present study, CM constituted a larger proportion of ocular melanoma cases than previously identified in Caucasian populations, with results similar to epidemiological findings from Korea.”
Result
CYSLTR1 antagonism displays potent anti-tumor effects in uveal melanoma
Graue, P. G. D. A., Abdouh, M., Goyeneche, A. A., Burnier, J. V., & Burnier, M. N. (2024) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2024.110120 · Cited by 2
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“Uveal melanoma (UM), which arises from the transformation of neural crest-derived melanocytes of the uveal tract, is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults with poor prognosis (1,2).”
Background
UVEAL MELANOMA: BASIC EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND RISK FACTORS
Козина, Е. В., Kozina, Y. V., Трофимович, Г. В., & Кох, И. А. (2014) · Siberian medical review · doi:10.20333/25000136-2014-4-57-64 · Cited by 2
“В целом показатель «отношения рисков» (RR) свидетельствует о в 18 раз большей вероятности заболевания УМ всего «белого населения» в сравнение с жителями Азии, островов Тихого океана и чернокожего населения [25, 26].”
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Fitzpatrick skin type and relationship to ocular melanoma
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Told, R., Kreminger, J. E., Schmidt-Erfurth, U. M., Dunavoelgyi, R., & Reumueller, A. (2023) · Ophthalmology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40123-023-00790-1 · Cited by 1
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Background
Iodine-125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma by using Ocuprosta seeds with indigenous non-collimated plaques: Our initial experience
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Comparison of MOLES and MelAInoma for Differentiating Small Choroidal Melanomas from Nevi
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Pseudomelanoma diagnosis in a tertiary ophthalmologic centre in Spain
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Estudio de la observación como alternativa terapéutica en el melanoma de coroides
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Authors: Hu, D.-N., Yu, G.-P., McCormick, S. A., Schneider, S., & Finger, P. T.
Affiliations: New York Eye and Ear Infirmary (US)
New York Medical College (US)
Corresponding author: Hu, Dan-Ning
ORCID: Hu, Dan-Ning
Yu, Guo-Pei
Finger, Paul T.
Venue: American Journal of Ophthalmology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-10
Volume: 140
Issue: 4
Pages: 612.e1-612.e8
ISSN: 0002-9394 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.05.034
OpenAlex: W2061857205
Cited by: 238
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 4.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Oncology and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
Keywords: uveal melanoma, racial and ethnic differences, cancer incidence, age-adjusted incidence, Hispanic population, Asian and Pacific Islander populations, Black population, non-Hispanic whites, SEER database, relative risk
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Male, Melanoma, Risk Factors, United States, Uveal Neoplasms, Incidence, SEER Program, Racial Groups

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Population-Based Incidence of Uveal Melanoma in Various Races and Ethnic Groups

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