Factors associated with age of onset and type of menopause in a cohort of UK women
Abstract
Objective We sought to describe the pattern of age at menopause and factors associated with type of menopause. Study design This was a prospective cohort study of 5113 postmenopausal health survey respondents in the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between sociodemographics, lifestyle, and medical history and menopause type. Results Median age at natural menopause (n = 3650) was 49.0 years (interquartile range, 45.0-51.0), and at surgical menopause (n = 1463) was 42.4 years (38.0-46.4). Early natural menopause was associated with smoking, ever-use of oral contraception, sterilization, and history of endometriosis (all increased odds ratios) and ever-use of hormone replacement therapy (decreased). Surgical menopause was associated with manual social class, sterilization, and having a history of endometriosis, menorrhagia, or painful menstruation (all increased), and ever-use of hormone replacement therapy (decreased). Conclusion Age at natural menopause was younger in this cohort than in other studies. More associations were found for surgical menopause than early natural menopause.
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Women with endometriosis reach menopause at significantly earlier ages than unaffected women.
“Women with endometriosis reach menopause at significantly earlier ages than unaffected women (Pokoradi et al., 2011; Yasui et al., 2011),”
From Endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome are diametric disorders (2021) · cites this paper as Pokoradi et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Pokoradi, A. J., Iversen, L., & Hannaford, P. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-07
- Volume
- 205
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 34.e1-34.e13
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999213897
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Aberdeen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- age at menopause, natural menopause, surgical menopause, early menopause, smoking, oral contraception, sterilization, endometriosis, hormone replacement therapy, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, social class, postmenopausal women
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Contraceptives, Oral, Endometriosis, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Menopause, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Smoking, Social Class, Cohort Studies, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Age of Onset
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