The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Interpreting Laboratory Results in Transgender Patients on Hormone Therapy
Abstract
Background Clinical guidelines recommend laboratory monitoring of transgender persons on cross-sex hormone therapy, but gender-specific reference intervals leave clinicians with the dilemma of deciding what is "normal" for each patient. The goal of this study was to identify consistent changes in measurands with hormone therapy and determine which reference interval is appropriate.Methods Laboratory data were abstracted from the medical records of 55 male-to-female patients on hormone therapy and compared with 20 male and 20 female nontransgender subjects.Results Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and low-density lipoprotein resembled female values (P < .005), while alkaline phosphatase, potassium, and creatinine resembled male values (P < .05). Triglycerides were higher (P < .005) than either the male or female groups. The remainder of the measurands showed no differences.Conclusions Use of correct reference intervals in interpreting laboratory results reduces the risk of testing-related diagnostic error. Preliminary data suggest that new reference intervals need to be established for transgender patients.
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“Two studies found that transwomen on GAHT for 6 or 48 months had lower (10%) HCT than cisgender men53 54 (p<0.005)”
In the citing paper
“while two studies found no difference between transwomen after 6 and 12 months of GAHT and cisgender women.18 53”
Citations
Cites
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Self-citationDiagnostic Error in Medicine: Analysis of 583 Physician-Reported Errors
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Reference intervals: an update
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Body composition, volumetric and areal bone parameters in male-to-female transsexual persons
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Hembree, W. C., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., Gooren, L., Hannema, S. E., Meyer, W. J., Murad, M. H., Rosenthal, S. M., Safer, J. D., Tangpricha, V., & T’Sjoen, G. G. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01658 · Cited by 2,328
Self-citationBarriers to quality health care for the transgender population
Roberts, T. K., & Fantz, C. R. (2014) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.02.009 · Cited by 298
Self-citationHormone therapy for transgender patients
Unger, C. A. (2016) · Translational Andrology and Urology · doi:10.21037/tau.2016.09.04 · Cited by 246
Oestrogen and anti-androgen therapy for transgender women
Tangpricha, V., & den Heijer, M. (2016) · The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(16)30319-9 · Cited by 170
Self-citationWeinand, J. D., & Safer, J. D. (2015) · Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.jcte.2015.02.003 · Cited by 175
Metadata
- Authors
- Roberts, T. K., Kraft, C. S., French, D., Ji, W., Wu, A. H. B., Tangpricha, V., & Fantz, C. R.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- San Francisco General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roberts, Tiffany K.
- Venue
- The American Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 127
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 159-162
- ISSN
- 0002-9343 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002613869
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Medical Laboratory Technology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- transgender patients, gender-affirming hormone therapy, laboratory reference intervals, laboratory monitoring, hemoglobin, hematocrit, low-density lipoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, diagnostic errors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Alkaline Phosphatase, Creatinine, Diagnostic Errors, Female, Hematocrit, Hemoglobins, Humans, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Potassium, Reference Values, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Triglycerides, Biomarkers, Gender-Affirming Procedures, Transgender Persons
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