Replacing urea with nitrate as a non-protein nitrogen source increases lambs' growth and reduces methane production, whereas acacia tannin has no effect

Adejoro, Festus Adeyemi; Hassen, Abubeker; Akanmu, Abiodun Mayowa; Morgavi, Diego P.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114360

Cited by 43Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and Health

Replacing urea with nitrate as a non-protein nitrogen source increases lambs' growth and reduces methane production, whereas acacia tannin has no effect

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Adejoro, Festus Adeyemi, Hassen, Abubeker, Akanmu, Abiodun Mayowa, Morgavi, Diego P.·2020·Animal Feed Science and Technology

DOI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114360

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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of urea or calcium nitrate with or without the inclusion of Acacia tannin extract on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and methane emission in growing lambs. Forty South African Mutton Merino lambs (95 days old, average body weight of 34.7 kg) were blocked by weight and sex and randomly allocated to four groups and fed diets supplemented with: urea (control); nitrate; urea + tannin; and nitrate + tannin. The concentration of urea and nitrate source in the diet was 10 g/kg and 32 g/kg, respectively, while the tannin was an extract of Acacia mearnsii added at 42 g/kg DM. Lambs were gradually adapted to the diets for 21 days after which growth performance was monitored for 60 days. At the end of the experimental period, methane was measured in open-circuit respiratory chambers, and digestibility was carried out inside metabolic cages. Dry matter and other nutrient intakes of lambs were not influenced by NPN source or the inclusion of tannin extract in the diet with the exception of the crude protein intake, which was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in lambs receiving urea-containing diets. Tannin inclusion reduced (P < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre of diets but did not affect methane emission of lambs. Tannin inclusion shifted N-excretion from urinary-N to faecal-N although overall N-retention was not affected. Tannin inclusion reduced acetate and increased propionate proportion in the urea-containing diet (P < 0.01), whereas, it had no such effect in the nitrate-containing diet. Higher (P ≤ 0.05) average daily gain and lower methane emission (P < 0.01) were recorded in lambs fed the nitrate-containing diets. In contrast, the inclusion of tannin reduced (P < 0.05) the average daily gain without any reduction in methane production. This study demonstrated that nitrate could be used as a source of non-protein nitrogen with the additional benefit of reducing enteric methane emission and improving the average daily gain of lambs. In contrast, tannin extract did not show any positive effect to justify its use under the dietary conditions of this study.

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Supplementation of 42 g acacia tannin/kg feed DM does not reduce CH4 production in lambs fed nitrate or urea as a non-protein nitrogen source.
“More recently, Adejoro et al. (188) reported that supplementation of 42 g acacia tannin /kg feed DM did not reduce CH4 production in lamb fed nitrate or urea as an NPN source.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [188]

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Authors: Adejoro, F. A., Hassen, A., Akanmu, A. M., & Morgavi, D. P.
Affiliations: University of Pretoria (ZA)
Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
Corresponding author: Hassen, Abubeker
ORCID: Adejoro, Festus Adeyemi
Hassen, Abubeker
Akanmu, Abiodun Mayowa
Morgavi, Diego P.
Venue: Animal Feed Science and Technology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-01
Volume: 259
Pages: 114360
ISSN: 0377-8401 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114360
OpenAlex: W3017666670
Cited by: 43
References: 51
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3
FWCI: 6.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Animal Feed Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Research Foundation (118518)
Carnegie Corporation of New York
University of Pretoria
Department of Science and Technology, Government of Kerala
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Animal Nutrition and Health
Keywords: non-protein nitrogen, urea, calcium nitrate, enteric methane, lamb growth performance, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, volatile fatty acids, dietary nitrogen source

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Replacing urea with nitrate as a non-protein nitrogen source increases lambs' growth and reduces methane production, whereas acacia tannin has no effect

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