Effect of lipid-encapsulated acacia tannin extract on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and methane emission in sheep
Open accessAbstract
Tannins have become important phytochemicals in ruminant production, due to their wide range of biological activities. The use of a crude extract often comes with limitations, such as reduced feed intake and fibre digestibility, which could be overcome by the use of encapsulated tannin extract. In this study, four rumen-cannulated Merino wethers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to determine the effect of encapsulating Acacia mearnsii tannin extract on intake, nutrient digestibility, and methane emission. The animals were placed on one of the following diets: control diet only, diet + silvafeed (Silvafeed ByPro, 10 g/kg feed), diet + Acacia tannin extract (ATE), 40 g/kg feed), and, diet + lipid-encapsulated-ATE (palm oil encapsulated ATE, 50 g/kg feed) in 4 cycles. Wethers were offered an Eragrotis and Lucerne hay-based total mixed ration diet above maintenance requirement with forage: concentrate ratio 50:50. Silvafeed, a commercial tannin additive, was used as a positive control. Nutrient intake was not different across the treatments, but nutrient digestibility was affected by dietary additives (p < 0.05). Compared to the control, and unlike the crude extract, encapsulated-ATE and silvafeed did not reduce dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fibre digestibility. While the overall N-retention and total N-excretion (g/d) were not affected by dietary additives, ATE and encapsulated-ATE diets reduced urine-N excretion (g/d) and only a slight reduction was observed in silvafeed diet. The faecal-N proportion was highest in the ATE diet (388 g/kg N-intake), followed by encapsulated-ATE (317 g/kg), and silvafeed (267 g/kg), with the control diet having the lowest proportion (230 g/kg). The acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio reduced as a result of the inclusion of dietary additives with crude ATE and silvafeed having lower A:P ratio compared to the control diet. Methane production expressed in g/kg dry matter (DM) intake was reduced by 12%, 30% and 19% in the silvafeed, crude ATE and encapsulated-ATE diets, respectively (p < 0.05). The reduced methane production with higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility in the encapsulated-ATE, compared to the crude-ATE, confirms that encapsulated-tannin can be used as an additive in ruminant diets.
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Crude acacia tannin at 40 g/kg feed reduces CH4 production (g/kg DM) by 30% in sheep fed total mixed ration.
“They reported a 30% and 19% reduction in CH4 production (g/kg DM) with crude and encapsulated-acacia tannin, respectively.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [189]
Lipid encapsulated-acacia tannin at 50 g/kg feed reduces CH4 production (g/kg DM) by 19% in sheep fed total mixed ration.
“They reported a 30% and 19% reduction in CH4 production (g/kg DM) with crude and encapsulated-acacia tannin, respectively.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [189]
Crude tannin has an adverse effect on NDF digestibility compared to encapsulated-acacia tannin in sheep.
“However, crude tannin also imparted an adverse effect on NDF digestibility compared to encapsulated-acacia tannin.”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [189]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Adejoro, F. A., Hassen, A., & Akanmu, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pretoria (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Hassen, Abubeker
- Venue
- Animals
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-10-25
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 863
- ISSN
- 2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6912666
- OpenAlex
- W2982157363
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 8.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation, South Africa (118518)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- lipid encapsulation, rumen fermentation, methane emissions, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen excretion, acetate to propionate ratio, Merino sheep, feed intake, fiber digestibility, nitrogen retention, ruminant nutrition
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