High Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Emergency Department Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Frazee, Bradley W.; Lynn, Jeremy; Charlebois, Edwin D.; Lambert, Larry; Lowery, Derrick; Perdreau-Remington, Francoise

doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.011

Cited by 496Antimicrobial Resistance in StaphylococcusDermatological diseases and infestationsOtolaryngology and Infectious Diseases

High Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Emergency Department Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Frazee, Bradley W., Lynn, Jeremy, Charlebois, Edwin D., Lambert, Larry, Lowery, Derrick, Perdreau-Remington, Francoise·2005·Annals of Emergency Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.011

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Abstract

Study objective We sought to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among emergency department (ED) patients with skin and soft tissue infections, identify demographic and clinical variables associated with MRSA, and characterize MRSA by antimicrobial susceptibility and genotype. Methods This was a prospective observational study involving a convenience sample of patients who presented with skin and soft tissue infections to a single urban public hospital ED in California. Nares and infection site cultures were obtained. A health and lifestyle questionnaire was administered, and predictor variables independently associated with MRSA were determined by multivariate logistic regression. All S aureus isolates underwent antibiotic susceptibility testing. Eighty-five MRSA isolates underwent genotyping by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCC mec ) typing, and testing for Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes. Results Of 137 subjects, 18% were homeless, 28% injected illicit drugs, 63% presented with a deep or superficial abscess, and 26% required admission for the infection. MRSA was present in 51% of infection site cultures. Of 119 S aureus isolates (from infection site and nares), 89 (75%) were MRSA. Antimicrobial susceptibility among MRSA isolates was trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 100%, clindamycin 94%, tetracycline 86%, and levofloxacin 57%. Among predictor variables independently associated with MRSA…

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Many patients who have risk factors for hospital-associated MRSA will have a community-associated strain, based on microbiologic testing.
“However, other research has determined that many patients who have risk factors for hospital-associated MRSA, will have a community-associated strain, based on microbiologic testing. 8”
From Prevalence of and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in a Canadian emergency department (2009) · cites this paper as [8]
MRSA most frequently causes skin and soft tissue infection, such as cutaneous abscesses, furuncles and cellulitis.
“MRSA causes many infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis, 4 pneumonia, 5 meningitis 6 and endocarditis, 7 but most frequently it causes skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), such as cutaneous abscesses, furuncles and cellulitis. 8”
From Prevalence of and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in a Canadian emergency department (2009) · cites this paper as [8]
A study in a San Francisco area ED isolated MRSA from 51% of 137 infection site cultures.
“A similar study conducted in a San Francisco area ED 8 isolated MRSA from 51% of 137 infection site cultures.”
From Prevalence of and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in a Canadian emergency department (2009) · cites this paper as [8]
Other studies have reported a strong association between MRSA and presence of an abscess, or furuncle or 'spider bite.'
“Other studies have reported a strong association between MRSA and presence of an abscess, or furuncle 8 or 'spider bite.' 14”
From Prevalence of and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection in a Canadian emergency department (2009) · cites this paper as [8]

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Miller, L. G., Perdreau‐Remington, F., Bayer, A. S., Diep, B. A., Tan, N., Bharadwa, K., Tsui, J. F., Perlroth, J., Shay, A. C., Tagudar, G., et al. (2007) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/511033 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citation
Community‐Associated Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus
Weber, J. T. (2005) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/430788 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Animals
Weese, J. S. (2010) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar.51.3.233 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Integrated Analysis of CANVAS 1 and 2: Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blind Studies to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ceftaroline versus Vancomycin plus Aztreonam in Complicated Skin and Skin‐Structure Infection
Corey, G. R., Wilcox, M. H., Talbot, G. H., Friedland, H. D., Baculik, T., Witherell, G. W., Critchley, I. A., Das, A., & Thye, D. A. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/655827 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Strategies for Clinical Management of MRSA in the Community: Summary of an Experts' Meeting Convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gorwitz, R. J., Jernigan, D. B., Powers, J. H., & Jernigan, J. A. (2006) · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Guidelines for UK practice for the diagnosis and management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections presenting in the community
Nathwani, D., Morgan, M. S., Masterton, R. G., Dryden, M., Cookson, B., French, G. L., & Lewis, D. (2008) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkn096 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cephalexin for Treatment of Uncomplicated Skin Abscesses in a Population at Risk for Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Rajendran, P. M., Young, D., Maurer, T., Chambers, H., Perdreau-Remington, F., Ro, P., & Harris, H. (2007) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00377-07 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Self-citation
Randomized, Controlled Trial of Antibiotics in the Management of Community-Acquired Skin Abscesses in the Pediatric Patient
Duong, M., Markwell, S. J., Peter, J. R., & Barenkamp, S. J. (2009) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.03.014 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
A Population‐Based Study of the Incidence and Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureusDisease in San Francisco, 2004–2005
Liu, C., Graber, C. J., Karr, M., Diep, B. A., Basuino, L., Schwartz, B. S., Enright, M. C., O’Hanlon, S. J., Thomas, J. C., Perdreau‐Remington, F., et al. (2008) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/587893 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Self-citation
Musculoskeletal Infection: Role of CT in the Emergency Department
Fayad, L. M., Carrino, J. A., & Fishman, E. K. (2007) · Radiographics · doi:10.1148/rg.276075033 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Epidemiology and microbiology of skin and soft tissue infections
Esposito, S., Noviello, S., & Leone, S. (2016) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000239 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Comparison of Both Clinical Features and Mortality Risk Associated with Bacteremia due to Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Susceptible S. aureus
Wang, J., Chen, S., Wang, J., Wu, G., Chiang, W., Hsueh, P., Chen, Y., & Chang, S. (2008) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/527389 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Staphylococcus aureus (Including Staphylococcal Toxic Shock)
Que, Y., & Moreillon, P. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06839-3.00195-8 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
A Review of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Gorwitz, R. J. (2008) · Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31815819bb · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Randomized Controlled Trial of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Uncomplicated Skin Abscesses in Patients at Risk for Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Schmitz, G., Bruner, D. I., Pitotti, R. L., Olderog, C. K., Livengood, T. A., Williams, J., Huebner, K. D., Lightfoot, J., Ritz, B., Bates, C. J., et al. (2010) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.03.002 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Polyamine Effects on Antibiotic Susceptibility in Bacteria
Kwon, D.-H., & Lu, C. (2007) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01472-06 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Population Dynamics of Nasal Strains of Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus—and Their Relation to Community‐Associated Disease Activity
Pan, E., Diep, B. A., Charlebois, E. D., Auerswald, C. L., Carleton, H. A., Sensabaugh, G. F., & Perdreau‐Remington, F. (2005) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/432072 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citation
Household Versus Individual Approaches to Eradication of Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus in Children: A Randomized Trial
Fritz, S. A., Hogan, P. G., Hayek, G., Eisenstein, K. A., Rodriguez, M., Epplin, E. K., Garbutt, J. M., & Fraser, V. J. (2011) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cir919 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Treatment of Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
May, A. K., Stafford, R. E., Bulger, E. M., Heffernan, D. S., Guillamondegui, O. D., Bochicchio, G. V., & Eachempati, S. R. (2009) · Surgical Infections · doi:10.1089/sur.2009.012 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections of the eye and orbit (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).
Blomquist, P. H. (2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 140 · see citing works
MRSA in Conventional and Alternative Retail Pork Products
O'Brien, A. M., Hanson, B., Farina, S. A., Wu, J. Y., Simmering, J. E., Wardyn, S. E., Forshey, B. M., Kulick, M. E., Wallinga, D. B., & Smith, T. C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030092 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Staphylococcus aureus: A Community Pathogen
Miller, L. G., & Kaplan, S. L. (2009) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.002 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Emerging Options for Treatment of Invasive, Multidrug‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections
Drew, R. H. (2007) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.27.2.227 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Life-Threatening Infections of the Peripharyngeal and Deep Fascial Spaces of the Head and Neck
Reynolds, S., & Chow, A. W. (2007) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.03.002 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among US prisoners and military personnel: review and recommendations for future studies
Aiello, A. E., Lowy, F. D., Wright, L. N., & Larson, E. (2006) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(06)70491-1 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
High diversity of Panton–Valentine leukocidin-positive, methicillin-susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and implications for the evolution of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus
Monecke, S., Slickers, P., Ellington, M. J., Kearns, A., & Ehricht, R. (2007) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01833.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Bacterial skin and soft tissue infections: review of the epidemiology, microbiology, aetiopathogenesis and treatment
Tognetti, L., Martinelli, C. V., Berti, S., Hercogova, J. T., Lotti, T., Leoncini, F., & Moretti, S. (2012) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04416.x · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Summary of Ceftaroline Fosamil Clinical Trial Studies and Clinical Safety
File, T. M., Wilcox, M. H., & Stein, G. E. (2012) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cis559 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 4-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazole-Coumarin Derivatives
López-Rojas, P., Janeczko, M., Kubiński, K., Amesty, Á., Masłyk, M., & Estévez‐Braun, A. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23010199 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Policies and Incentives for Promoting Innovation in Antibiotic Research
Mossialos, E. A., Morel, C. M., Edwards, S., Berenson, J. A., Gemmill-Toyama, M., & Brogan, D. M. (2010) · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Breast Abscess Bacteriologic Features in the Era of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Epidemics
Moazzez, A. (2007) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.142.9.881 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Development of a Triplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Toxin Genes in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
McDonald, R. R., Antonishyn, N. A., Hansen, T., Snook, L. A., Nagle, E., Mulvey, M. R., Levett, P. N., & Horsman, G. B. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.43.12.6147-6149.2005 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Microbiology of skin and soft tissue infections in the age of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Ray, G. T., Suaya, J. A., & Baxter, R. P. (2013) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.02.020 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections
Creech, C. B., Al-Zubeidi, D. N., & Fritz, S. A. (2015) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2015.05.007 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a novel series of synthetic phenylthiazole compounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Mohammad, H., Reddy, P. V., Monteleone, D., Mayhoub, A. S., Cushman, M., & Seleem, M. N. (2015) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.015 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Emergence of MRSA infections in horses in a veterinary hospital: strain characterisation and comparison with MRSA from humans
Cuny, C., Kuemmerle, J. M., Stanek, C. G., Willey, B. M., Strommenger, B., & Witte, W. (2006) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/esm.11.01.00595-en · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Management of sepsis during the early “golden hours”
Raghavan, M., & Marik, P. E. (2006) · Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2006.05.008 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Empirical Combination of Vancomycin and a -Lactam for Staphylococcal Bacteremia
McConeghy, K. W., Bleasdale, S. C., & Rodvold, K. A. (2013) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cit560 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Fatal Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Young Adult
Frazee, B. W., Salz, T. O., Lambert, L., & Perdreau-Remington, F. (2005) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.05.023 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citation
Community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: a review of epidemiology, clinical features, management, and prevention
Cohen, P. R. (2007) · International Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03215.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
MR imaging of urgent inflammatory and infectious conditions affecting the soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system
Yu, J. S., & Habib, P. A. (2009) · Emergency Radiology · doi:10.1007/s10140-008-0786-2 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: what do we need to know?
Witte, W. (2009) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03097.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Staphylococcus aureus:Methicillin‐SusceptibleS. aureusto Methicillin‐ResistantS. aureusand Vancomycin‐ResistantS. aureus
Rehm, S. J., & Tice, A. D. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/653518 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
How Common is MRSA in Adult Septic Arthritis?
Frazee, B. W., Fee, C. R., & Lambert, L. (2009) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.06.511 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citation
Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Wallin, T. R., Hern, H. G., & Frazee, B. W. (2008) · Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.emc.2008.01.010 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prevalence and Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Colonization among Healthcare Professionals in an Urban Teaching Hospital
Elie-Turenne, M.-C., Fernandes, H., Mediavilla, J. R., Rosenthal, M. E., Mathema, B., Singh, A., Cohen, T. R., Pawar, K. A., Shahidi, H., Kreiswirth, B. N., et al. (2010) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1086/652525 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
The top 100 cited articles published in emergency medicine journals
Shuaib, W., Acevedo, J. N., Khan, M. S., Santiago, L. J., & Gaeta, T. J. (2015) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2015.04.047 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
In patients presenting to the emergency department with skin and soft tissue infections what is the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasonography for the diagnosis of abscess compared to the current standard of care? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Barbic, D., Chenkin, J., Cho, D. D., Jelic, T. M., & Scheuermeyer, F. X. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013688 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in the Era of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Elliott, D. J., Zaoutis, T. E., Troxel, A. B., Loh, A., & Keren, R. (2009) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-2428 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Antibiotic Overuse: The Influence of Social Norms
McDonnell Norms Group (2008) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.02.035 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Recurrent furunculosis: a review of the literature
Demos, M., McLeod, M. P., & Nouri, K. (2012) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11151.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Injecting-related injury and disease among clients of a supervised injecting facility
Salmon, A. M., Dwyer, R., JAUNCEY, M. E., van Beek, I., Topp, L., & Maher, L. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.002 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Infections in the Elderly
Liang, S. Y., & Mackowiak, P. A. (2007) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2007.01.010 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Analysis of the Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Staphylococcal Virulence Phenotypes
McEachern, E. K., Hwang, J. H., Sladewski, K. M., Nicatia, S., Dewitz, C., Mathew, D. P., Nizet, V., & Alexander, L. E. C. (2015) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00303-15 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Increasing incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft-tissue infections: reconsideration of empiric antimicrobial therapy
Awad, S. S., Elhabash, S. I., Lee, L., Farrow, B., & Berger, D. H. (2007) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.07.016 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Synthesis, structures, spectroscopy and antimicrobial properties of complexes of copper(II) with salicylaldehyde N-substituted thiosemicarbazones and 2,2′-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline
Lobana, T. S., Indoria, S., Jassal, A. K., Kaur, H., Arora, D. S., & Jasinski, J. P. (2014) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.009 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in Preoperative Orthopaedic Outpatients
Price, C. S., Williams, A. E., Philips, G. C., Dayton, M. R., Smith, W., & Morgan, S. J. (2008) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1007/s11999-008-0337-x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
In Vitro Activities of Dalbavancin and 12 Other Agents against 329 Aerobic and Anaerobic Gram-Positive Isolates Recovered from Diabetic Foot Infections
Goldstein, E. J. C., Citron, D. M., Warren, Y. A., Tyrrell, K. L., Merriam, C. V., & Fernandez, H. T. (2006) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00286-06 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Production of the Bsa Lantibiotic by Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Strains
Daly, K. M., Upton, M., Sandiford, S. K., Draper, L. A., Wescombe, P. A., Jack, R. W., O’Connor, P. M., Rossney, A. S., Götz, F., Hill, C., et al. (2009) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.01375-09 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity, synergism with oxacillin and molecular docking studies of metronidazole-triazole hybrids
Negi, B., Kumar, D., Kumbukgolla, W., Jayaweera, J. A. A. S., Ponnan, P., Singh, R., Agarwal, S., & Rawat, D. S. (2016) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.041 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Severe Soft Tissue Infections
Napolitano, L. M. (2009) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.006 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Topical retapamulin ointment (1%, wt/wt) twice daily for 5 days versus oral cephalexin twice daily for 10 days in the treatment of secondarily infected dermatitis: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Parish, L. C., Jorizzo, J. L., Breton, J., Hirman, J. W., Scangarella, N., Shawar, R. M., & White, S. M. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2006.08.058 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Skin Diseases
Zinder, S. M., Basler, R. S. W., Foley, J., Scarlata, C., & Vasily, D. B. (2010) · Journal of Athletic Training · doi:10.4085/1062-6050-45.4.411 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Mertens, R., Seyler, L., Lacor, P., & Denis, O. (2012) · PubMed · doi:10.2143/acb.67.4.2062665 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contamination of retail pork.
Weese, J. S., Reid‐Smith, R. J., Rousseau, J. D., & Avery, B. P. (2010) · PubMed Central · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Health Care–Associated Infection (HAI): A Critical Appraisal of the Emerging Threat—Proceedings of the HAI Summit
Kollef, M. H., Napolitano, L. M., Solomkin, J. S., Wunderink, R. G., Bae, I., Fowler, V. G., BALK, R. A., Stevens, D. L., Rahal, J. J., Shorr, A. F., et al. (2008) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/590937 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Antimicrobial Peptides and Peptidomimetics - Potent Therapeutic Allies for Staphylococcal Infections
Mohammad, H. T., Thangamani, S., & Seleem, M. N. (2015) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612821666150310102702 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Treatment approaches for community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections
Ellis, M. W., & Lewis, J. S. (2005) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000186850.54040.fc · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Management of Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in the Emergency Department
Abrahamian, F. M., Talan, D. A., & Moran, G. J. (2008) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.12.001 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Bacteriological profiling of diphenylureas as a novel class of antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Mohammad, H. T., Younis, W., Ezzat, H. G., Peters, C. E., AbdelKhalek, A., Cooper, B. R., Pogliano, K., Pogliano, J., Mayhoub, A. S., & Seleem, M. N. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182821 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
A comparison of necrotising fasciitis in diabetics and non-diabetics
Tan, J. H., Koh, B. H. J., Hong, C. C., Lim, S. H., Liang, S., Chan, G. W. H., Wang, W., & Nather, A. (2016) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.98b11.37526 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections
Giudice, P. D., Blanc, V., Durupt, F., Bes, M., Martinez, J.-P., Counillon, E., Lina, G., Vandenesch, F., & Étienne, J. (2005) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06910.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
A Population Based Study of Seasonality of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Implications for the Spread of CA-MRSA
Wang, X., Towers, S., Panchanathan, S., & Chowell, G. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060872 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Longitudinal Investigation of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Piglets
Weese, J. S., Zwambag, A., Rosendal, T., Reid‐Smith, R. J., & Friendship, R. M. (2010) · Zoonoses and Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01340.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Imaging of Musculoskeletal Soft-Tissue Infections in Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Updated Review
Spinnato, P., Patel, D. B., Carlo, M. D., Bartoloni, A., Cevolani, L., Matcuk, G. R., & Crombé, A. (2022) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms10122329 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Etiology of septic arthritis in children: an update for the new millennium
Young, T. P., Maas, L., Thorp, A. W., & Brown, L. (2010) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2010.04.008 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Abscess Incision and Drainage
Fitch, M. T., Manthey, D. E., McGinnis, H. D., Nicks, B. A., & Pariyadath, M. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmvcm071319 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Second-Generation Phenylthiazole Antibiotics with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Properties
Seleem, M. A., Disouky, A., Mohammad, H. T., Abdelghany, T. M., Mancy, A. S., Bayoumi, S. A., Elshafeey, A. H., El-morsy, A., Seleem, M. N., & Mayhoub, A. S. (2016) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00233 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
From Phenylthiazoles to Phenylpyrazoles: Broadening the Antibacterial Spectrum toward Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria
Hammad, A., Abutaleb, N. S., Elsebaei, M. M., Norvil, A. B., Alswah, M., Ali, A. O., Abdel-Aleem, J. A., Alattar, A., Bayoumi, S. A., Gowher, H., et al. (2019) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00720 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Inappropriate Antibiotic Use in Soft Tissue Infections
Paydar, K. Z. (2006) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.141.9.850 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hand Infections in an Urban Setting
Bach, H. G., Steffin, B., Chhadia, A. M., Kovachevich, R., & Gonzalez, M. H. (2007) · The Journal Of Hand Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.01.006 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Trends and Characteristics of Culture-Confirmed Staphylococcus aureus Infections in a Large U.S. Integrated Health Care Organization
Ray, G. T., Suaya, J. A., & Baxter, R. P. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00134-12 · Cited by 57 · see citing works

INFECTIOUS DISEASE/ORIGINAL RESEARCH n a i
Phd, A. P.-R. (2014)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in skin and soft tissue infections presenting to the Emergency Department of a Canadian Academic Health Care Center
Achiam, C. C., Fernandes, C. M. B., McLeod, S. L., Salvadori, M. I., John, M., Seabrook, J. A., Theakston, K. D., Milburn, S., & Hussain, Z. (2010) · European Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1097/mej.0b013e328337901a · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency Department
Moran, G. J., Krishnadasan, A., Gorwitz, R. J., Fosheim, G. E., McDougal, L. K., Carey, R. B., & Talan, D. A. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055356 · Cited by 2,285 · see citing works
Prevalence and demographics of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureusin culturable skin and soft tissue infections in an urban emergency department
Jacobus, C. H., Lindsell, C. J., Leach, S., Fermann, G. J., Kressel, A. B., & Rue, L. E. (2007) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/1471-227x-7-19 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Retrospective analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) skin and Soft-Tissue Infections (SSTI) in a university hospital emergency department (ED)
Gunterman, S. E. (2012) · Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)

Authors: Frazee, B. W., Lynn, J., Charlebois, E. D., Lambert, L., Lowery, D., & Perdreau-Remington, F.
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author: Frazee, Bradley W.
ORCID: Frazee, Bradley W.
Charlebois, Edwin D.
Venue: Annals of Emergency Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 45
Issue: 3
Pages: 311-320
ISSN: 0196-0644 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.011
OpenAlex: W2148133809
Cited by: 494
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 21.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Annals of Emergency Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Dermatological diseases and infestations
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
Keywords: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, skin and soft tissue infections, emergency department patients, community-acquired MRSA, antimicrobial susceptibility, Panton-Valentine leukocidin, furunculosis, risk factors, homeless patients, intravenous drug use, empirical antibiotic therapy, abscess
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, California, Carrier State, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Furunculosis, Genotype, Humans, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Nose, Prospective Studies, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcal Skin Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Urban Health, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Methicillin Resistance, Community-Acquired Infections, Soft Tissue Infections

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High Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Emergency Department Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

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