Role of hip abductor muscle composition and torque in protective stepping for lateral balance recovery in older adults
Open accessAbstract
Objectives To examine differences in hip abductor strength and composition between older adults who primarily use medial step versus cross-step recovery strategies to lateral balance perturbations.Design Cross-sectional.Setting University research laboratory.Participants Community-dwelling older adults (N=40) divided into medial steppers (n=14) and cross-steppers (n=26) based on the first step of balance recovery after a lateral balance perturbation.Interventions Not applicable.Main outcome measures Computed tomography scans to quantify lean tissue and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) areas in the hip abductor, hip abductor isokinetic torque, and first step length.Results Medial steppers took medial steps in 71.1% of trials versus 4.6% of trials with cross-steps. The cross-steppers when compared with medial steppers, had lower hip abductor IMAT (24.7±0.7% vs 29.9±2.8%; P<.05), greater abductor torque (63.3±3.6Nm vs 48.4±4.1Nm; P<.01), and greater normalized first step length (.75±.03 vs .43±.08; P<.001). There was no difference in hip abductor lean tissue between the groups (P>.05).Conclusions Our findings suggest that older adults who initially use a medial step to recover lateral balance have lower hip abductor torque and may be less able to execute a biomechanically more stable cross-step. This may be related to increased IMAT levels. Assessments and interventions for enhancing balance and decreasing fall risk should take the role of the hip abductor into account.
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Among individuals divided into impaired steppers and non-impaired steppers, those with impaired stepping response are more likely to suffer a fall.
“Among individuals divided into impaired steppers and non-impaired steppers, those with impaired stepping response (meaning people who cannot recover as quickly from a balance perturbation) are more likely to suffer a fall (Addison et al., 2017).”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Addison et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Addison, O., Inacio, M., Bair, W.-N., Beamer, B. A., Ryan, A. S., & Rogers, M. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, Mark W.
- Venue
- Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1223-1228
- ISSN
- 0003-9993 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5425306
- OpenAlex
- W2549712312
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 7.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IK2-RX001788)
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG029510, T32AG000219, P60AG012583, P30AG028747)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Keywords
- hip abductor strength, intramuscular fat, balance recovery, older adults, fall risk, step length, isokinetic torque, lean tissue
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Postural Balance, Female, Hip Joint, Humans, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Muscle, Skeletal
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