Excessive adipose tissue infiltration in skeletal muscle in individuals with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral neuropathy: association with performance and function
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to report differences in calf intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), muscle strength (peak torque), power, and physical function in individuals with obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and peripheral neuropathy (PN) compared with those without these impairments. A secondary purpose was to assess the relationship between IMAT and muscle strength, power, and physical function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six participants with obesity, DM, and PN (2 women, 4 men; mean age=58 years, SD=10; mean body mass index=36.3, SD=5; mean modified Physical Performance Test [PPT] score=22, SD=3) and 6 age- and sex-matched control subjects without these impairments were assessed and compared in muscle strength, muscle power, physical functioning, and muscle and fat volume, including IMAT in the calf muscles. Muscle, adipose tissue, and IMAT volumes of each calf were quantified by noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging. Muscle strength and power of the plantar-flexor and dorsiflexor muscles were quantified using isokinetic dynamometry. The modified PPT was used to assess physical function. RESULTS: Leg muscle and fat volumes were similar between groups, although IMAT volumes were 2.2-fold higher in the subjects with obesity, DM, and PN (X=120 cm(3), SD=47) than in the control subjects (X=54 cm(3), SD=41). Muscle strength, muscle power, ratio of leg muscle power to leg muscle volume, and modified PPT scores were lower in subjects with obesity, DM, and PN compared with the control subjects. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The data indicate that excess fat infiltration in leg skeletal muscles is associated with low calf muscle strength, low calf muscle power, and impaired physical function in individuals who are obese with DM and PN.
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Higher muscle lipid content is associated with compromised muscle strength and power.
“a higher muscle lipid content is associated with compromised muscle strength and power (11)(12)(13).”
Studies show decreased SPPB score (or other similar tests such as the modified physical performance test) are related to increased myosteatosis in lower extremity muscles.
“Studies that show decreased SPPB score (or other similar tests such as the modified physical performance test) are related to increased myosteatosis in lower extremity muscles (Hilton et al., 2008; Tuttle et al., 2011, 2012; Anderson et al., 2016).”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Hilton et al., 2008
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- Authors
- Hilton, T. N., Tuttle, L. J., Bohnert, K. L., Mueller, M. J., & Sinacore, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hilton, Tiffany N
- Venue
- Physical Therapy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-11-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1336-1344
- ISSN
- 0031-9023 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-6724
- PMC
- PMC2579904
- OpenAlex
- W2135827283
- Cited by
- 373
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physical Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Collections - Ithaca College Library (Ithaca College) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007434)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- intermuscular adipose tissue, skeletal muscle fat infiltration, obesity, diabetes mellitus, peripheral neuropathy, triceps surae, muscle strength, muscle power, physical function, plantar flexor muscles, dorsiflexor muscles, isokinetic dynamometry
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Body Composition, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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