Is there a perfectionist in each of us? An experimental study on perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms
Abstract
Previous studies have shown consistent associations between perfectionism and eating disorder (ED) symptoms. However, to date, only one study (Shafran et al., 2006) used an experimental design to examine in a non-clinical sample the causal relationship between perfectionism and ED symptoms. The current experimental study aimed to build on that study by examining the role of trait perfectionism in the effects of an experimental induction of perfectionism and by adopting a multidimensional approach to perfectionism. University students (N=100; Mage=20.6 years; SD=2.24) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions, that is, a high Personal Standards condition, a condition combining Personal Standards perfectionism and Evaluative Concerns perfectionism, and a non-perfectionist condition. Compared to the non-perfectionist condition, participants in the two perfectionist conditions reported higher levels of state perfectionism during the next 24 h and this effect occurred irrespective of trait perfectionism levels. Further, participants in the perfectionist conditions, compared to those in the non-perfectionist condition, reported significantly higher levels of restraint and binging during the 24 h after manipulation. Together, the results suggest that perfectionism can be induced in people irrespective of their levels of trait perfectionism and that perfectionism represents a causal risk factor for ED pathology.
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Efforts to experimentally induce perfectionism indicate that inducing perfectionism increases symptoms of anxiety, depression and eating disorders.
“efforts to do so indicate that inducing perfectionism increases symptoms of anxiety, depression and eating disorders (Boone et al., 2012; Yiend et al., 2011).”
From Coming of age: A reflection of the first 21 years of cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism (2023) · cites this paper as Boone et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Boone, L., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Braet, C.
- Affiliations
- Ghent University (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Boone, Liesbet
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 531-540
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1986439426
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Keywords
- perfectionism, eating disorder symptoms, trait perfectionism, personal standards, evaluative concerns, dietary restraint, binge eating, eating disorder risk, university students
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Personality, Personality Assessment, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Self Concept, Young Adult
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