The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Healthy and unhealthy social norms and food selection. Findings from a field-experiment
Open accessAbstract
The behavior of others in people's social environment (i.e., descriptive norms), as well as their opinions regarding appropriate actions (i.e., injunctive norms) strongly influence people's decisions and actions. The goal of this study was to extend prior laboratory research on the influence of social norms on food choices, by conducting a field-experiment in an on-campus food court. One of three different messages was posted on a given day: a healthy descriptive norm, healthy injunctive norm, or an unhealthy descriptive norm. Effects of these social norms messages on food choice were compared against each other and a no-message control condition. In total, 687 students reported their food choice through a questionnaire provided to them. Food choices were analyzed for participants who reported being exposed to one of the social norms signs and those in the control condition (N=220). Findings showed that the healthy descriptive norm resulted in more healthy food choices, compared to an unhealthy descriptive norm, as well as the control condition. The difference between the injunctive healthy norm and the control condition was not significant, though those in the injunctive norm condition did make more healthy decisions, than those in the unhealthy descriptive norm condition. Implications with regard to theory and practice are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Moreover, there are various other studies on descriptive norms specifically venturing outside the laboratory, reporting the same kind of overall findings from a wide range of different domains (see, for example, Cialdini et al. [1990]; Mollen et al. [2013]).”
From Science Communication and the Problematic Impact of Descriptive Norms (2023) · cites this paper as Mollen et al. [2013]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Rogers, E. M., Singhal, A., & Quinlan, M. M. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203710753-35 · Cited by 37,670
(1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,252
Stanton, B. F., & Rogers, E. M. (1963) · Journal of Farm Economics · doi:10.2307/1235767 · Cited by 6,726
Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings
Shrout, P. E. (1980) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(80)90063-4 · Cited by 6,091
Social Influence: Compliance and Conformity
Cialdini, R. B., & Goldstein, N. J. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015 · Cited by 6,077
Cialdini, R. B., Reno, R. R., & Kallgren, C. A. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015 · Cited by 5,965
The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years
Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa066082 · Cited by 5,007
A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment.
Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0046408 · Cited by 4,819
A Theory of Psychological Reactance
Torrance, E. P., & Brehm, J. W. (1968) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420824 · Cited by 4,758
Levesque, R. J. R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_447-2 · Cited by 4,060
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- McGuire, 1985, Vol. 2
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Social modeling of eating: A review of when and why social influence affects food intake and choice
Cruwys, T., Bevelander, K. E., & Hermans, R. C. J. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.08.035 · Cited by 756
Which Healthy Eating Nudges Work Best? A Meta-Analysis of Field Experiments
Cadario, R., & Chandon, P. (2019) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.2018.1128 · Cited by 520
Chung, A. H., & Rimal, R. N. (2016) · Review of Communication Research · doi:10.12840/issn.2255-4165.2016.04.01.008 · Cited by 575
Self-citationHiggs, S., & Ruddock, H. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03228-7_27 · Cited by 513
A Re-Explication of Social Norms, Ten Years Later
Rimal, R. N., & Lapinski, M. K. (2015) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/comt.12080 · Cited by 456
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Mollen, S., Rimal, R. N., Ruiter, R. A. C., & Kok, G.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- George Washington University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mollen, Saar
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 65
- Pages
- 83-89
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2125219736
- Cited by
- 210
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- social norms, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, food choice, healthy eating, food court, university students, field experiments
- MeSH terms
- Attitude to Health, Diet, Female, Food Preferences, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Conformity, Social Environment, Social Values, Students, Health Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
