Cited by 207Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental ImpactSocial and Intergroup PsychologyAnimal Law and Welfare

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Efforts to overcome vegetarian-induced dissonance among meat eaters

Rothgerber, Hank·2014·Appetite

DOI 10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.003

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Abstract

Meat eaters face dissonance whether it results from inconsistency ("I eat meat; I don't like to hurt animals"), aversive consequences ("I eat meat; eating meat harms animals"), or threats to self image ("I eat meat; compassionate people don't hurt animals"). The present work proposes that there are a number of strategies that omnivores adopt to reduce this dissonance including avoidance, dissociation, perceived behavioral change, denial of animal pain, denial of animal mind, pro-meat justifications, reducing perceived choice, and actual behavioral change. The presence of vegetarians was speculated to cause meat eating to be a scrutinized behavior, remind meat eaters of their discomfort, and undermine the effectiveness of these strategies. It was therefore hypothesized that exposure to a description of a vegetarian would lead omnivores to embrace dissonance-reducing strategies. Supporting this hypothesis, participants who read a vignette about a vegetarian denied animal mind more than participants who read about a gluten-free individual. It was also hypothesized that omnivores would be sensitive to individual differences between vegetarians and would demonstrate using dissonance-reducing strategies more when the situation failed to provide cognitions consonant with eating meat or to reduce dissonant cognitions. Four experiments supported this prediction and found that authentic vegetarians, vegetarians freely making the decision to abandon meat, consistent vegetarians, and ant…

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Authors: Rothgerber, H.
Affiliations: Bellarmine University (US)
Corresponding author: Rothgerber, Hank
ORCID: Rothgerber, Hank
Venue: Appetite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-08
Volume: 79
Pages: 32-41
ISSN: 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.003
OpenAlex: W2122646351
Cited by: 207
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2
FWCI: 9.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Appetite (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Law › Animal Law and Welfare
Keywords: cognitive dissonance, vegetarian diet, meat consumption, omnivores, self-image, moral inconsistency
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Cognitive Dissonance, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Meat, Middle Aged, Morals, Diet, Vegetarian, Young Adult

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Efforts to overcome vegetarian-induced dissonance among meat eaters

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