A New Look at Dissonance Theory

A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

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Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state.

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Dissonance and the pill: An attribution approach to studying the arousal properties of dissonance.

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The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review

Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916 · see citing works

The case for motivated reasoning.

Kunda, Z. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.480 · Cited by 9,022 · see citing works

Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource?

Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1252 · Cited by 5,312 · see citing works

ATTITUDES AND ATTITUDE CHANGE

Petty, R. E., Wegener, D. T., & Fabrigar, L. R. (1997) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.48.1.609 · Cited by 2,290 · see citing works

A question of belonging: Race, social fit, and achievement.

Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.82 · Cited by 2,163 · see citing works

The psychology of system justification and the palliative function of ideology

Jost, J., & Hunyady, O. (2003) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463280240000046 · Cited by 833 · see citing works

Preference for consistency: The development of a valid measure and the discovery of surprising behavioral implications.

Cialdini, R. B., Trost, M. R., & Newsom, J. T. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.2.318 · Cited by 728 · see citing works

Using design thinking to improve psychological interventions: The case of the growth mindset during the transition to high school.

Yeager, D. S., Romero, C., Paunesku, D., Hulleman, C. S., Schneider, B., Hinojosa, C., Lee, H. Y., O'Brien, J., Flint, K., Roberts, A., et al. (2016) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/edu0000098 · Cited by 691 · see citing works

On the confluence of self-esteem maintenance mechanisms

Tesser, A. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0404_1 · Cited by 521 · see citing works

Why Do We Need What We Need? A Terror Management Perspective on the Roots of Human Social Motivation

Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (1997) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0801_1 · Cited by 497 · see citing works

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Chaiken, S., & Stangor, C. (1987) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.003043 · Cited by 518 · see citing works

Self-Affirmation Reduces Biased Processing of Health-Risk Information

Reed, M. B., & Aspinwall, L. G. (1998) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1023/a:1021463221281 · Cited by 374 · see citing works

Why Does Writing About Important Values Reduce Defensiveness?: Self-Affirmation and the Role of Positive Other-Directed Feelings

Crocker, J., Niiya, Y., & Mischkowski, D. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02150.x · Cited by 345 · see citing works

Willing and able to fake emotions: A closer examination of the link between emotional dissonance and employee well-being.

Pugh, S. D., Groth, M., & Hennig-Thurau, T. (2011) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021395 · Cited by 350 · see citing works

The agony of ambivalence and ways to resolve it: Introducing the MAID model

van Harreveld, F., van der Pligt, J., & de Liver, Y. N. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868308324518 · Cited by 343 · see citing works

Back to the Future of Dissonance Theory: Cognitive Consistency as a Core Motive

Gawronski, B. (2012) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2012.30.6.652 · Cited by 342 · see citing works

Attitudes in social context: A social identity perspective

Hogg, M. A., & Smith, J. R. (2007) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463280701592070 · Cited by 286 · see citing works

Efforts to overcome vegetarian-induced dissonance among meat eaters

Rothgerber, H. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.04.003 · Cited by 207 · see citing works

Comfort Zone: Model or metaphor?

Brown, M. (2008) · Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education · doi:10.1007/bf03401019 · Cited by 165 · see citing works

At a Loss From Words: Verbal Overshadowing of Perceptual Memories

Schooler, J. W., Fiore, S. M., & Brandimonte, M. A. (1997) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60505-8 · Cited by 157 · see citing works

Generalization of dissonance reduction: Decreasing prejudice through induced compliance.

Leippe, M. R., & Eisenstadt, D. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.3.395 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

When bad things happen to good feedback: Exacerbating the need for self‐justification with self‐affirmations

Blanton, H., Cooper, J., Slkurnik, I., & Aronson, J. (1997) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167297237002 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Placating the Powerless: Effects of Legitimate and Illegitimate Explanation on Affect, Memory, and Stereotyping

Haines, E. L., & Jost, J. T. (2000) · Social Justice Research · doi:10.1023/a:1026481205719 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Overconfidence as dissonance reduction

Blanton, H., Pelham, B. W., DeHart, T., & Carvallo, M. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.2000.1458 · Cited by 106 · see citing works

Neural mechanisms of dissonance: An fMRI investigation of choice justification

Kitayama, S., Chua, H. F., Tompson, S., & Han, S. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.034 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

How Public Opinion Information Changes Politicians’ Opinions and Behavior

Sevenans, J. (2021) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-021-09715-9 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Are Diversity Programs Merely Ceremonial? Evidence-Free Institutionalization

Dobbin, F., & Kalev, A. (2017) · The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism · doi:10.4135/9781446280669.n32 · Cited by 56 · see citing works

Inducing attitude change toward online gaming among adolescent players based on dissonance theory: The role of threats and justification of effort

Wan, C.-S., & Chiou, W.-B. (2010) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.07.016 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Conative Dissonance

Nanay, B. (2026) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.70258