Appetite Suppressing Effect of Spinacia oleracea in Rats: Involvement of the Short Term Satiety Signal Cholecystokinin
Abstract
Spinacia oleracea (spinach) is a green leafy vegetable rich in antioxidant phyto-constituents such as flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins. Fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids are known to prevent weight gain by inducing satiety. The present study evaluates the appetite suppressing effect of a flavonoid rich extract of the spinach leaf (SOE) in rats. HPTLC of SOE was performed for detecting flavonoids. Rats were administered SOE (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p. o) and fluoxetine (6 mg/kg i. p) as a pre-meal for 14 days. Food intake and weight gain was observed daily during the treatment period. Serum levels of the short term satiety signals cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucose were measured on the 7th and 14thdays at different time points after start of meal to study the satiety inducing effect of SOE. HPTLC showed the presence of 14 flavonoids in SOE. SOE and fluoxetine treated rats showed a significant reduction in food intake and weight gain when compared with the normal control rats. On the 7th day of treatment, peak CCK levels were reached in 30 min after start of meal in fluoxetine treated rats and in 60 min in the remaining rats. On the 14th day, CCK peaking was observed in 30 min after start of meal in the fluoxetine as well as SOE 400 mg/kg treated rats. Peak glucose levels in all treatment groups were obtained in 60 min after start of feeding on both days of the study. It maybe concluded that SOE exhibited a promising appetite suppressing effect by inducing a quicker than normal release of CCK, thus eliciting an early onset of satiety in rats. This effect may be due to its high flavonoid content.
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Spinach extract demonstrated a promising appetite suppression effect.
“The spinach extract demonstrated promising appetite suppression effect which make it potential nutrient in appetite regulation [165].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [165]
Spinach is associated with numerous health advantages, such as antioxidant characteristics, lipid-lowering effects, appetite regulation, tissue regeneration, and protection against oxidative stress-induced damage.
“These results show that spinach is associated with numerous health advantages, such as antioxidant characteristics, lipid-lowering effects, appetite regulation, tissue regeneration, and protection against oxidative stress-induced damage [156,162,164,165,166,167,168,169,170].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [165]
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- Authors
- Panda, V., & Shinde, P.
- Corresponding author
- Panda, Vandana
- ORCID
- Panda, Vandana
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 113
- Pages
- 224-230
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2589132209
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- spinach, spinach leaf extract, appetite suppression, satiety, cholecystokinin, flavonoids, dietary intake, weight gain, fluoxetine, serum glucose, leafy vegetables
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Appetite, Appetite Depressants, Cholecystokinin, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Fluoxetine, Plant Extracts, Satiety Response, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Spinacia oleracea, Rats
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