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Positive life orientation predicts good survival prognosis in old age
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of life orientation as a screening tool and survival indicator in old age. A postal questionnaire answered by 2490 random older people (>75 years) included six questions concerning satisfaction with life, feeling needed, plans for future, zest for life, lack of feelings of depression and loneliness. The vital status was followed for 57 months. All-cause mortality rate was 19.1% and 30.3% among elderly with (22%) and without (78%) positive life orientation, respectively (p<0.001). The difference in mortality increased over time. After controlling for age, gender, and subjective health, the protective value of positive life orientation remained significant (hazard ratio, HR=0.78, 95%CI=0.63-0.98, p<0.03). Feeling needed was the strongest independent predictor (HR=0.72, p<0.001). A six-question life orientation identifies old people at risk. Positive life orientation predicts good survival prognosis independently of subjective health.
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People who are socially isolated are more likely to be depressed or suicidal.
“Second, in terms of psychological factors, studies have shown that people who are socially isolated are more likely to be depressed or suicidal 89 .”
From A systematic review and meta-analysis of 90 cohort studies of social isolation, loneliness and mortality (2023) · cites this paper as [89]
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Cited by
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tilvis, R. S., Laitala, V., Routasalo, P., Strandberg, T. E., & Pitkala, K. H.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- Oulu University Hospital (FI)
- ORCID
- Strandberg, Timo E.
- Venue
- Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 133-137
- ISSN
- 0167-4943 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135039119
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- all-cause mortality, survival prediction, older adults, life satisfaction, loneliness, depression, future planning, self-rated health, screening tool
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attitude, Cause of Death, Depression, Female, Finland, Humans, Loneliness, Male, Personal Satisfaction, Prognosis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Survival, Value of Life
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