The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination and axonal loss eventually leading to neurodegeneration. MS exhibits many of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder including breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a complex organization of cerebral endothelial cells, pericytes and their basal lamina, which are surrounded and supported by astrocytes and perivascular macrophages. In pathological conditions, lymphocytes activated in the periphery infiltrate the central nervous system to trigger a local immune response that ultimately damages myelin and axons. Cytotoxic factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species accumulate and may contribute to myelin destruction. Dysregulation of the BBB and transendothelial migration of activated leukocytes are among the earliest cerebrovascular abnormalities seen in MS brains and parallel the release of inflammatory cytokines. In this review we establish the importance of the role of the BBB in MS. Improvements in our understanding of molecular mechanism of BBB functioning in physiological and pathological conditions could lead to improvement in the quality of life of MS patients.
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“MSis an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease (184) in which the myelin sheath surrounding axons is attacked by immune cells, including leukocytes, T cells, B cells, and peripheral macrophages that enter the brain through a disrupted BBB (456).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [456]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, disruption of the BBB due to other viral infections has already been proven to trigger long-term development of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, anxiety and multiple sclerosis [125–127].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
Citations
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,312
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Augustin, H. G., & Koh, G. Y. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal2379 · Cited by 790
The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration
Knox, E. G., Aburto, M. R., Clarke, G., Cryan, J. F., & O’Driscoll, C. M. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01511-z · Cited by 738
Identification of tissue-specific cell death using methylation patterns of circulating DNA
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ortiz, G. G., Pacheco-Moisés, F. P., Macías-Islas, M. Á., Flores-Alvarado, L. J., Mireles-Ramírez, M. A., González-Renovato, E. D., Hernández-Navarro, V. E., Sánchez-López, A. L., & Alatorre-Jiménez, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Mexican Social Security Institute (MX)
- Universidad de Guadalajara (MX)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Archives of Medical Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 687-697
- ISSN
- 0066-6769 (ISSN-L)
- 0188-4409
- OpenAlex
- W2001448765
- Cited by
- 373
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Medical Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, blood-brain barrier, demyelination, neuroinflammation, leukocyte transendothelial migration, brain endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, perivascular macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, myelin destruction, axonal loss, neurodegeneration
- MeSH terms
- Astrocytes, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Adhesion, Humans, Inflammation, Lymphocytes, Macrophages, Multiple Sclerosis, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Cytokines, Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Cells, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
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