The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination and axonal loss eventually leading to neurodegeneration. MS exhibits many of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune disorder including breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a complex organization of cerebral endothelial cells, pericytes and their basal lamina, which are surrounded and supported by astrocytes and perivascular macrophages. In pathological conditions, lymphocytes activated in the periphery infiltrate the central nervous system to trigger a local immune response that ultimately damages myelin and axons. Cytotoxic factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species accumulate and may contribute to myelin destruction. Dysregulation of the BBB and transendothelial migration of activated leukocytes are among the earliest cerebrovascular abnormalities seen in MS brains and parallel the release of inflammatory cytokines. In this review we establish the importance of the role of the BBB in MS. Improvements in our understanding of molecular mechanism of BBB functioning in physiological and pathological conditions could lead to improvement in the quality of life of MS patients.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“MSis an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease (184) in which the myelin sheath surrounding axons is attacked by immune cells, including leukocytes, T cells, B cells, and peripheral macrophages that enter the brain through a disrupted BBB (456).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [456]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, disruption of the BBB due to other viral infections has already been proven to trigger long-term development of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, anxiety and multiple sclerosis [125–127].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [125]
Citations
Cites
Reactive Oxygen Species and the Central Nervous System
Halliwell, B. (1992) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10990.x · Cited by 2,947
Furuse, M., Fujita, K., Hiiragi, T., Fujimoto, K., & Tsukita, S. (1998) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.141.7.1539 · Cited by 2,100
Drug Transport across the Blood–Brain Barrier
Pardridge, W. M. (2012) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2012.126 · Cited by 1,994
Mfsd2a is critical for the formation and function of the blood-brain barrier
Ben-Zvi, A., Lacoste, B., Kur, E., Andreone, B. J., Mayshar, Y., Yan, H., & Gu, C. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13324 · Cited by 1,037
The anatomical and cellular basis of immune surveillance in the central nervous system
Ransohoff, R. M., & Engelhardt, B. (2012) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3265 · Cited by 1,029
T cells in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Fletcher, J. M., Lalor, S. J., Sweeney, C. M., Tubridy, N. J., & Mills, K. H. G. (2010) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04143.x · Cited by 975
Griendling, K. K., Sorescu, D., Lassegue, B. P., & Ushio‐Fukai, M. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.10.2175 · Cited by 955
Nitric Oxide Production and Signaling in Inflammation
Korhonen, R., Lahti, A., Kankaanranta, H., & Moilanen, E. (2005) · Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy · doi:10.2174/1568010054526359 · Cited by 920
Nitric oxide and redox mechanisms in the immune response
Wink, D. A., Hines, H. B., Cheng, R. Y. S., Switzer, C. H., Flores-Santana, W., Vitek, M. P., Ridnour, L. A., & Colton, C. A. (2011) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1010550 · Cited by 765
Free Radical Pathways in CNS Injury
LEWÉN, A., MATZ, P., & CHAN, P. H. (2000) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.871 · Cited by 759
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Loch-Neckel, 2010, The blood-brain barrier and the drug delivery in the central nervous system, Rev Neurol, 51, 165
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,312
Filippi, M., Bar-Or, A., Piehl, F., Preziosa, P., Solari, A., Vukusic, S., & Rocca, M. A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-018-0041-4 · Cited by 1,562
Organotypic vasculature: From descriptive heterogeneity to functional pathophysiology
Augustin, H. G., & Koh, G. Y. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal2379 · Cited by 790
The blood-brain barrier in aging and neurodegeneration
Knox, E. G., Aburto, M. R., Clarke, G., Cryan, J. F., & O’Driscoll, C. M. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01511-z · Cited by 738
Identification of tissue-specific cell death using methylation patterns of circulating DNA
Lehmann‐Werman, R., Neiman, D., Zemmour, H., Moss, J., Magenheim, J., Vaknin‐Dembinsky, A., Rubertsson, S., Nellgård, B., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1519286113 · Cited by 613
Macrophage polarization: an important role in inflammatory diseases
Luo, M., Zhao, F., Cheng, H., Su, M., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352946 · Cited by 531
Microglia–blood vessel interactions: a double-edged sword in brain pathologies
Dudvarski Stankovic, N., Teodorczyk, M., Ploen, R., Zipp, F., & Schmidt, M. H. H. (2016) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1524-y · Cited by 301
Sey, N. Y. A., Hu, B., Mah, W., Fauni, H., McAfee, J. C., Rajarajan, P., Brennand, K. J., Akbarian, S., & Won, H. (2020) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-020-0603-0 · Cited by 297
Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases
Cardoso, B. R., Roberts, B. R., Bush, A. I., & Hare, D. J. (2015) · Metallomics · doi:10.1039/c5mt00075k · Cited by 300
Dalgas, U., Langeskov‐Christensen, M., Stenager, E., Riemenschneider, M., & Hvid, L. G. (2019) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-019-1002-3 · Cited by 307
Obrenovich, M. E. (2018) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms6040107 · Cited by 277
Brain and Retinal Pericytes: Origin, Function and Role
Trost, A., Lange, S., Schroedl, F., Bruckner, D., Motloch, K. A., Bogner, B., Kaser-Eichberger, A., Strohmaier, C., Runge, C., Aigner, L., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00020 · Cited by 244
Ramakrishna, K., Nalla, L. V., Dumala, N., Venkateswarlu, K., Viswanadh, M. K., Nalluri, B. N., Chakravarthy, G., Duguluri, S., Singh, P., Nand, S., et al. (2023) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases11030089 · Cited by 206
The intestinal barrier in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathophysiology and therapeutics
Camara-Lemarroy, C. R., Metz, L. M., Meddings, J. B., Sharkey, K. A., & Yong, V. W. (2018) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awy131 · Cited by 188
Vascular Endothelial Cells: Heterogeneity and Targeting Approaches
Hennigs, J. K., Matuszcak, C., Trepel, M., & Körbelin, J. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10102712 · Cited by 200
Pericytes regulate vascular immune homeostasis in the CNS
Török, O., Schreiner, B., Schaffenrath, J., Tsai, H.-C., Maheshwari, U., Stifter, S. A., Welsh, C., Amorim, A., Sridhar, S., Utz, S. G., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2016587118 · Cited by 166
Bălașa, R., Bărcuţean, L., Mosora, O., & Manu, D. R. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22168370 · Cited by 169
Dysfunction of ABC transporters at the blood-brain barrier: Role in neurological disorders
Gil-Martins, E., Barbosa, D. J., Silva, V., Remião, F., & Silva, R. (2020) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107554 · Cited by 152
Inflammatory Role of TLR-MyD88 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis
Zheng, C., Chen, J., Chu, F., Zhu, J., & Jin, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00314 · Cited by 150
Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology
Ribeiro, D. E., Oliveira-Giacomelli, Á., Glaser, T., Arnaud-Sampaio, V. F., Andrejew, R., Dieckmann, L., Baranova, J., Lameu, C., Ratajczak, M. Z., & Ulrich, H. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00965-3 · Cited by 145
Blood brain barrier: A review of its anatomy and physiology in health and disease
Sharif, Y., Jumah, F., Coplan, L., Krosser, A., Sharif, Κ., & Tubbs, R. S. (2018) · Clinical Anatomy · doi:10.1002/ca.23083 · Cited by 151
Extracellular vesicles: mediators and biomarkers of pathology along CNS barriers
Ramirez, S. H., Andrews, A. M., Paul, D., & Pachter, J. S. (2018) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-018-0104-7 · Cited by 128
Alajangi, H. K., Kaur, M., Sharma, A., Rana, S., Thakur, S., Chatterjee, M., Singla, N., Jaiswal, P. K., Singh, G., & Barnwal, R. P. (2022) · Molecular Brain · doi:10.1186/s13041-022-00937-4 · Cited by 137
Breaking the Barrier: The Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines in BBB Dysfunction
Gryka-Marton, M., Grabowska, A. D., & Szukiewicz, D. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26083532 · Cited by 144
Kooij, G., Troletti, C. D., Leuti, A., Norris, P. C., Riley, I. R., Albanese, M., Ruggieri, S., Libreros, S., van der Pol, S. M. A., Hof, B. V. H., et al. (2019) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2019.219519 · Cited by 123
Shigemoto‐Mogami, Y., Hoshikawa, K., & Sato, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00494 · Cited by 118
Xiao, M., Xiao, Z. J., Yang, B., Lan, Z., & Fang, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00764 · Cited by 119
Therapeutic potential of curcumin for multiple sclerosis
Qureshi, M., Al-Suhaimi, E. A., Wahid, F., Shehzad, O., & Shehzad, A. (2017) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-017-3149-5 · Cited by 118
Bălașa, R., Bărcuţean, L., Bălașa, A. F., Moțățăianu, A., Roman-Filip, C., & Manu, D. R. (2020) · Human Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2020.02.009 · Cited by 121
Blood–brain barrier and its function during inflammation and autoimmunity
Sonar, S. A., & Lal, G. (2018) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.1ru1117-428r · Cited by 114
Mayer-Pröschel, M., Hogestyn, J. M., & Mock, D. J. (2018) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.226380 · Cited by 106
Sánchez-López, A. L., Ortíz, G. G., Pacheco-Moisés, F. P., Mireles-Ramírez, M. A., Bitzer-Quintero, O. K., Delgado-Lara, D. L. C., Ramírez-Jirano, L. J., & Velázquez-Brizuela, I. E. (2018) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.12.004 · Cited by 100
Self-citationTang, J., Kang, Y., Huang, L., Wu, L., & Peng, Y. (2020) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.015 · Cited by 100
Wang, X., Li, G., Guo, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, S., Zhu, Y., Cheng, J., Yu, L., Ji, Y., & Tao, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01393 · Cited by 95
Neuroinflammation: A Signature or a Cause of Epilepsy?
Pracucci, E., Pillai, V., Lamers, D., Parra, R., & Landi, S. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22136981 · Cited by 99
Bashinskaya, V. V., Кулакова, О. Г., Boyko, A. N., Favorov, A. V., & Favorova, O. O. (2015) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-015-1601-2 · Cited by 102
Sex differences in the blood–brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases
Weber, C. M., & Clyne, A. M. (2021) · APL Bioengineering · doi:10.1063/5.0035610 · Cited by 95
Pinto, M., Silva, V., Barreiro, S., Silva, R. V. D. S., Remião, F., Borges, F., & Fernandes, C. (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101658 · Cited by 97
Spampinato, S. F., Merlo, S., Sano, Y., Kanda, T., & Sortino, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14068 · Cited by 90
S100B as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis
Barateiro, A. P., Afonso, V., Santos, G., Cerqueira, J., Brites, D. M. T. O., van Horssen, J., & Fernandes, A. M. A. (2015) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9336-6 · Cited by 92
From Neurodevelopmental to Neurodegenerative Disorders: The Vascular Continuum
Ouellette, J., & Lacoste, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.749026 · Cited by 91
Babazadeh, A., Vahed, F. M., & Jafari, S. M. (2020) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.02.015 · Cited by 90
Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models
Brandl, S., & Reindl, M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241612699 · Cited by 97
Sarvari, S., Moakedi, F., Hone, E., Simpkins, J. W., & Ren, X. S. (2020) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-020-00573-8 · Cited by 86
Lee, M. J., Jang, M., Choi, J., Chang, B. S., Kim, D. Y., Kim, S., Kwak, Y.-S., Oh, S., Lee, J., Chang, B., et al. (2015) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9131-4 · Cited by 83
Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Health and Disease
Seo, D.-Y., Heo, J.-W., Ko, J. R., & Kwak, H.-B. (2019) · International Neurourology Journal · doi:10.5213/inj.1938214.107 · Cited by 88
Methylglyoxal-Derived Advanced Glycation Endproducts in Multiple Sclerosis
Wetzels, S., Wouters, K., Schalkwijk, C. G., Vanmierlo, T., & Hendriks, J. J. A. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18020421 · Cited by 80
Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption in Neuroimmunological Disease
Shimizu, F., & Nakamori, M. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms251910625 · Cited by 88
Uher, T., McComb, M., Galkin, S., Srpova, B., Oechtering, J., Barro, C., Tyblova, M., Bergsland, N., Krasensky, J., Dwyer, M., et al. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458520912379 · Cited by 86
Lipid nanocapsules to enhance drug bioavailability to the central nervous system
Moura, R. P., Pacheco, C., Pêgo, A. P., Rieux, A. D., & Sarmento, B. F. C. C. (2020) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.042 · Cited by 74
Promising Nanotechnology Approaches in Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases of Central Nervous System
Chountoulesi, M., & Demetzos, C. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10060338 · Cited by 76
Meier, U., Cipian, R. C., Karimi, A., Ramasamy, R., & Middeldorp, J. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.757302 · Cited by 82
The restorative role of annexin A1 at the blood–brain barrier
McArthur, S., Loiola, R. A., Maggioli, E., Errede, M., Virgintino, D., & Solito, E. (2016) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-016-0043-0 · Cited by 73
Hensel, N., Rademacher, S., & Claus, P. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00198 · Cited by 71
Protective associations of HDL with blood-brain barrier injury in multiple sclerosis patients
Fellows, K., Uher, T., Browne, R. W., Weinstock‐Guttman, B., Horáková, D., Posová, H., Vaněčková, M., Seidl, Z., Krásenský, J., Týblová, M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m060970 · Cited by 68
Mir, M., Palma-Florez, S., Lagunas, A., Lopez-Martinez, M. J., & Samitier, J. (2022) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.2c00333 · Cited by 67
Heterogeneous astrocytes: Active players in CNS
Hu, X., Yuan, Y., Wang, D., & Su, Z. (2016) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.017 · Cited by 73
Lee, M. J., Bing, S. J., Choi, J., Jang, M., Lee, G., Lee, H., Chang, B. S., Jee, Y., Lee, S. J., & Cho, I. (2016) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-016-0116-1 · Cited by 67
Mokhtarzade, M., Motl, R., Negaresh, R., Zimmer, P., Khodadoost, M., Baker, J., Patel, D. I., Majdinasab, N., & Ranjbar, R. (2018) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2018.05.010 · Cited by 25
Rituximab in Multiple Sclerosis: Are We Ready for Regulatory Approval?
Brancati, S. B., Gozzo, L., Longo, L., Vitale, D. C., & Drago, F. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.661882 · Cited by 67
Immune Regulation of Antibody Access to Neuronal Tissues
Iwasaki, A. (2017) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2017.01.004 · Cited by 68
A Comprehensive View on MRI Techniques for Imaging Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity.
Elschot, E. P., Backes, W., Postma, A., van Oostenbrugge, R. V., Staals, J., Rouhl, R., & Jansen, J. (2020) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/rli.0000000000000723 · Cited by 54
Blood-brain barrier models: Rationale for selection
Hanafy, A. S., Dietrich, D., Fricker, G., & Lamprecht, A. (2021) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.113859 · Cited by 59
The potential therapeutic effect of statins in multiple sclerosis: beneficial or detrimental effects
Al-Kuraishy, H. M., Al-Gareeb, A. I., Saad, . M., & Batiha, G. E. (2023) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-023-01240-x · Cited by 54
Eilam, R., Segal, M., Malach, R., Sela, M., Arnon, R., & Aharoni, R. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23304 · Cited by 55
The interplay between T helper cells and brain barriers in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Angelini, G., Bani, A., Constantin, G., & Rossi, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2023.1101379 · Cited by 57
Ghalamfarsa, G., Hojjat‐Farsangi, M., Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi, M., Anvari, E., Farhadi, S., Yousefi, M., & Jadidi‐Niaragh, F. (2016) · Journal of Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/1547691x.2016.1159264 · Cited by 53
Regulatory T cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: Breaching (blood-brain) barriers
Verreycken, J., Baeten, P., & Broux, B. (2022) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2022.2153534 · Cited by 61
Altered astrocytic function in experimental neuroinflammation and multiple sclerosis
das Neves, S. P., Sousa, J. C., Sousa, N., Cerqueira, J., & Marques, F. (2020) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23940 · Cited by 49
Rosenstein, I., Axelsson, M., Novakova, L., Malmeström, C., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., & Lycke, J. (2023) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-023-11817-9 · Cited by 55
A human-on-a-chip approach to tackling rare diseases
de Mello, C. P. P., Rumsey, J. W., Slaughter, V. L., & Hickman, J. J. (2019) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.001 · Cited by 49
Pericytes Across the Lifetime in the Central Nervous System
Bennett, H. C., & Kim, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.627291 · Cited by 49
Zoio, P., Lopes‐Ventura, S., & Oliva, A. (2021) · Micromachines · doi:10.3390/mi12070816 · Cited by 48
Deh, K., Ponath, G. D., Molvi, Z., Parel, S. T., Gillen, K. M., Zhang, S., Nguyen, T. D., Spincemaille, P., Ma, Y., Gupta, A. K., et al. (2018) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.25997 · Cited by 48
Naomi, R., Yazid, M. D., Teoh, S. H., Balan, S. S., Halim, S., Kumar, J., Bahari, H., & Embong, H. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12051054 · Cited by 48
Blossom, V., Ullal, S. D., D’Souza, M. M., Ranade, A. V., Kumar, N. A., & Rai, R. (2025) · 3 Biotech · doi:10.1007/s13205-025-04468-2 · Cited by 57
Bayat, P., Farshchi, M., Yousefian, M., Mahmoudi, M., & Robati, R. Y. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107562 · Cited by 47
Harati, R., Hammad, S., Tlili, A., Mahfood, M., Mabondzo, A. M., & Hamoudi, R. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262152 · Cited by 50
IL-21 and IL-21 receptor in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Ghalamfarsa, G., Mahmoudi, M., Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi, M., Yazdani, Y., Anvari, E., Hadinia, A., Ghanbari, A., Setayesh, M., Yousefi, M., & Jadidi‐Niaragh, F. (2015) · Journal of Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/1547691x.2015.1089343 · Cited by 48
Mfsd2a-based pharmacological strategies for drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier
Wang, J.-Z., Xiao, N., Zhang, Y.-Z., Zhao, C., Guo, X., & Lu, L.-M. (2015) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2015.12.024 · Cited by 45
BDNF and Tau as Biomarkers of Severity in Multiple Sclerosis
Islas‐Hernández, A., Aguilar-Talamantes, H., Bertado-Cortés, B., Mejia-delCastillo, G. D. J., Carrera-Pineda, R., Cuevas-García, C., & Torre, P. (2018) · Biomarkers in Medicine · doi:10.2217/bmm-2017-0374 · Cited by 44
siRNA Therapeutics: Future Promise for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Amiri, A., Barreto, G. E., Sathyapalan, T., & Sahebkar, A. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210402104054 · Cited by 46
Correale, J. D., Halfón, M. J., Jack, D. L., Rubstein, A., & Villa, A. M. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103264 · Cited by 48
Yadav, H., Jaldhi, Bhardwaj, R., Anamika, A., Bakshi, A., Gupta, S., & Maurya, S. K. (2023) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122022 · Cited by 47
Fan, L., Yang, J., Liu, R.-Y., Kong, Y., Guo, G., & Xu, Y. (2023) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-023-04516-6 · Cited by 46
Imaging B Cells in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis Using 64Cu-Rituximab PET
James, M. L., Höhne, A., Mayer, A. T., Lechtenberg, K. J., Moreno, M. A., Gowrishankar, G., Ilovich, O., Natarajan, A., Johnson, E. M., Nguyen, J., et al. (2017) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.117.189597 · Cited by 44
Mazzucco, M. R., Mannheim, W., Shetty, S. V., & Linden, J. R. (2022) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-021-00299-4 · Cited by 44
From pathology to MRI and back: Clinically relevant biomarkers of multiple sclerosis lesions
Kolb, H., Al‐Louzi, O., Beck, E., Sati, P., Absinta, M., & Reich, D. S. (2022) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103194 · Cited by 44
MicroRNA-155 contributes to shear-resistant leukocyte adhesion to human brain endothelium in vitro
Cerutti, C., Soblechero‐Martín, P., Wu, D., Lopez‐Ramirez, M. A., de Vries, H. E., Sharrack, B., Male, D. K., & Romero, I. A. (2016) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-016-0032-3 · Cited by 42
Oh, J., Kwon, T. W., Choi, J. H., Kim, Y., Moon, S., Nah, S.-Y., & Cho, I. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155065 · Cited by 42
Broos, J. Y., van der Burgt, R. T. M., Konings, J., Rijnsburger, M., Werz, O., de Vries, H. E., Giera, M., & Kooij, G. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02981-w · Cited by 41
Shamul, J. G., Wang, Z., Gong, H., Ou, W., White, A. M., Garcia, D. P. M., Gu, S., Clyne, A. M., Quiñones‐Hinojosa, A., & He, X. (2024) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-024-01250-2 · Cited by 43
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation
Roggeri, A., Schepers, M., Tiane, A., Rombaut, B., van Veggel, L., Hellings, N., Prickaerts, J., Pittaluga, A., & Vanmierlo, T. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21207537 · Cited by 40
Voltage-gated potassium channel 1.3: A promising molecular target in multiple disease therapy
Cheng, S., Jiang, D., Lan, X., Liu, K., & Fan, C. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116651 · Cited by 42
Overcoming Barriers in Glioblastoma—Advances in Drug Delivery Strategies
ter Linden, E., Abels, E. R., van Solinge, T. S., Neefjes, J., & Broekman, M. L. D. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13120998 · Cited by 45
Aarts, S. A. B. M., Seijkens, T. T. P., Kusters, P. J. H., van der Pol, S. M. A., Zarzycka, B. A., Heijnen, P. D. A. M., Beckers, L., den Toom, M., Gijbels, M. J., Boon, L., et al. (2017) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0875-9 · Cited by 40
Brain incoming call from glia during neuroinflammation: Roles of extracellular vesicles
D’Egidio, F., Castelli, V., d’Angelo, M., Ammannito, F., Quintiliani, M., & Cimini, A. (2024) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106663 · Cited by 41
Jonas, S. N., Izbudak, I., Frazier, A. A., & Harrison, D. M. (2018) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a5796 · Cited by 39
Astrocytes and Inflammatory T Helper Cells: A Dangerous Liaison in Multiple Sclerosis
Kunkl, M., Amormino, C., Tedeschi, V., Fiorillo, M. T., & Tuosto, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.824411 · Cited by 49
ZO-1 expression is suppressed by GM-CSF via miR-96/ERG in brain microvascular endothelial cells
Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Liu, D., Wei, J., Fang, W., Zhao, W., Chen, Y., & Shang, D. (2017) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x17702668 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Ortiz, G. G., Pacheco-Moisés, F. P., Macías-Islas, M. Á., Flores-Alvarado, L. J., Mireles-Ramírez, M. A., González-Renovato, E. D., Hernández-Navarro, V. E., Sánchez-López, A. L., & Alatorre-Jiménez, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Mexican Social Security Institute (MX)
- Universidad de Guadalajara (MX)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Archives of Medical Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 687-697
- ISSN
- 0066-6769 (ISSN-L)
- 0188-4409
- OpenAlex
- W2001448765
- Cited by
- 373
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Medical Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, blood-brain barrier, demyelination, neuroinflammation, leukocyte transendothelial migration, brain endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, perivascular macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, myelin destruction, axonal loss, neurodegeneration
- MeSH terms
- Astrocytes, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Adhesion, Humans, Inflammation, Lymphocytes, Macrophages, Multiple Sclerosis, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Cytokines, Oxidative Stress, Endothelial Cells, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review