The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Heart rate, lifespan, and mortality risk
Abstract
An increasing body of scientific research and observational evidence indicates that resting heart rate (HR) is inversely related to the lifespan among homeothermic mammals and within individual species. In numerous human studies with patients stratified by resting HR, increased HR is universally associated with greater risk of death. The correlation between HR and maximum lifespan seems to be due to both basal metabolic rate and cardiovascular-related mortality risk. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are already postulated to determine how the biological clock works, through regulating and modulating the processes such as protein oxidation, free radical production, inflammation and telomere shortening. Given the remarkable correlation between HR and lifespan, resting HR should be seriously considered as another possible cap on maximum lifespan. Future research is needed to determine whether deliberate cardiac slowing, through methods like lifestyle modification, pharmacological intervention, or medical devices, can decelerate biological clock of aging, reduce cardiovascular mortality and increase maximum lifespan in humans in general.
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In the citing paper
“Several studies have also found that high resting heart rate is associated with increased mortality risk (see Ref. 10 for review).”
From Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“The acute success rate of sinus node modification varies from 66 – 100% depending on the endpoint definition.201,202,206,207,215,225–228”
From Sinus Tachycardia: a Multidisciplinary Expert Focused Review (2022) · cites this paper as [226]
In the citing paper
“Complications vary from 0–14% but the true occurrence rate is limited by the small studies.201,202,206,207,215,225–228”
From Sinus Tachycardia: a Multidisciplinary Expert Focused Review (2022) · cites this paper as [226]
In the citing paper
“Right phrenic nerve injury with diaphragmatic paralysis206,228, pericarditis205,213,229, SVC stenosis206,226,230 and cardiac tamponade during pericardial balloon placement requiring open-chest repair212 have all been reported.”
From Sinus Tachycardia: a Multidisciplinary Expert Focused Review (2022) · cites this paper as [226]
Citations
Cites
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- Gupta, 2006, Chronic therapy with selective electric vagus nerve stimulation normalizes plasma concentration of tissue necrosis factor? Interleukin-6 and B-type natriuretic peptide in dogs with heart failure, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 47, 77A
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load
Seeman, T., Epel, E., Gruenewald, T., Karlamangla, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05341.x · Cited by 579
Telomere shortening rate predicts species life span
Whittemore, K., Vera, E., Martínez-Nevado, E., Sanpera, C., & Blasco, M. A. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1902452116 · Cited by 373
Calcific aortic valve disease: mechanisms, prevention and treatment
Moncla, L.-H. M., Briend, M., Bossé, Y., & Mathieu, P. (2023) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-023-00845-7 · Cited by 306
Antihypertensive effects and mechanisms of chlorogenic acids
Zhao, Y., Wang, J., Ballèvre, O. P., Luo, H., & Zhang, W. (2011) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/hr.2011.195 · Cited by 306
Self-citationThe Role of Nutrients in Reducing the Risk for Noncommunicable Diseases during Aging
Bruins, M. J., Dael, P. V., & Eggersdorfer, M. L. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11010085 · Cited by 244
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, G. Q., & Zhang, W.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Weiguo
- ORCID
- Zhang, Weiguo
- Venue
- Ageing Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 52-60
- ISSN
- 1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2009328775
- Semantic Scholar
- 0ba98846db474ce32a32a0feaf7580ec7842b8e3
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart rate and cardiovascular health
- Keywords
- resting heart rate, lifespan, mortality risk, maximum lifespan, basal metabolic rate, cardiovascular mortality, biological clock, aging, telomere shortening, free radicals, protein oxidation, inflammation, cardiac slowing
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Rate, Humans, Longevity, Exercise, Survival Rate, Risk Assessment
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