Cited by 137Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionLower Extremity Biomechanics and PathologiesNutrition and Health in Aging

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The biomechanical mechanism of how strength and power training improves walking speed in old adults remains unknown

Beijersbergen, C.M.I., Granacher, U., Vandervoort, A.A., DeVita, P., Hortobágyi, T.·2013·Ageing Research Reviews

DOI 10.1016/j.arr.2013.03.001

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Abstract

Maintaining and increasing walking speed in old age is clinically important because this activity of daily living predicts functional and clinical state. We reviewed evidence for the biomechanical mechanisms of how strength and power training increase gait speed in old adults. A systematic search yielded only four studies that reported changes in selected gait biomechanical variables after an intervention. A secondary analysis of 20 studies revealed an association of r(2)=0.21 between the 22% and 12% increase, respectively, in quadriceps strength and gait velocity in 815 individuals age 72. In 6 studies, there was a correlation of r(2)=0.16 between the 19% and 9% gains in plantarflexion strength and gait speed in 240 old volunteers age 75. In 8 studies, there was zero association between the 35% and 13% gains in leg mechanical power and gait speed in 150 old adults age 73. To increase the efficacy of intervention studies designed to improve gait speed and other critical mobility functions in old adults, there is a need for a paradigm shift from conventional (clinical) outcome assessments to more sophisticated biomechanical analyses that examine joint kinematics, kinetics, energetics, muscle-tendon function, and musculoskeletal modeling before and after interventions.

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Authors: Beijersbergen, C. M. I., Granacher, U., Vandervoort, A. A., DeVita, P., & Hortobágyi, T.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
University of Potsdam (DE)
Western University (CA)
East Carolina University (US)
Corresponding author: Hortobágyi, T.
ORCID: Granacher, U.
DeVita, P.
Hortobágyi, T.
Venue: Ageing Research Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-03
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Pages: 618-627
ISSN: 1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.03.001
OpenAlex: W2059366099
Cited by: 136
References: 81
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 1.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
publish.UP (University of Potsdam) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords: walking speed, resistance training, power training, older adults, gait biomechanics, quadriceps strength, plantar flexion strength, mobility (physical function), joint kinematics, musculoskeletal modeling
MeSH terms: Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aging, Biomechanical Phenomena, Gait, Humans, Models, Biological, Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena, Range of Motion, Articular, Walking, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Muscle Stretching Exercises, Muscle Strength

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The biomechanical mechanism of how strength and power training improves walking speed in old adults remains unknown

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