The DOI matches its Crossref record; 304 of the 308 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pathophysiology of circulating xanthine oxidoreductase: New emerging roles for a multi-tasking enzyme
Open accessAbstract
The enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the last step of purine degradation in the highest uricotelic primates as a rate-limiting enzyme in nucleic acid catabolism. Although XOR has been studied for more than a century, this enzyme continues to arouse interest because its involvement in many pathological conditions is not completely known. XOR is highly evolutionarily conserved; moreover, its activity is very versatile and tuneable at multiple-levels and generates both oxidant and anti-oxidant products. This review covers the basic information on XOR biology that is essential to understand its enzymatic role in human pathophysiology and provides a comprehensive catalogue of the experimental and human pathologies associated with increased serum XOR levels. The production of radical species by XOR oxidase activity has been intensively studied and evaluated in recent decades in conjunction with the cytotoxic consequences and tissue injuries of various pathological conditions. More recently, a role has emerged for the activity of endothelium-bound enzymes in inducing the vascular response to oxidative stress, which includes the regulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activities of endothelial cells. The possible physiological functions of circulating XOR and the products of its enzyme activity are presented here together with their implications in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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“The binding of plasma XO to ECs can lead to vascular dysfunction (45, 71, 562, 612, 1010).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [71]
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“Hepatocellular damage caused by hypoxia, toxic agents and viral infection induces XOR release in blood.(7)”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Battelli, M. G., Bolognesi, A., & Polito, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Bolognesi, Andrea
- Polito, Letizia
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 1842
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1502-1517
- ISSN
- 0925-4439 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2073007450
- Cited by
- 256
- References
- 308
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Alma Mater Studiorum‐University of Bologna
- Pallotti Legacies for Cancer Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Keywords
- xanthine oxidoreductase, purine degradation, uric acid, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, endothelial cells, vascular response, inflammation, thrombosis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, serum enzyme levels
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Xanthine Dehydrogenase, Metabolic Syndrome
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