Cited by 3,839Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionRedox biology and oxidative stress

Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress

Cai, Hua, Harrison, David G.·2000·Circulation Research

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidant stress alters many functions of the endothelium, including modulation of vasomotor tone. Inactivation of nitric oxide (NO(.)) by superoxide and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) seems to occur in conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and cigarette smoking. Loss of NO(.) associated with these traditional risk factors may in part explain why they predispose to atherosclerosis. Among many enzymatic systems that are capable of producing ROS, xanthine oxidase, NADH/NADPH oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase have been extensively studied in vascular cells. As the role of these various enzyme sources of ROS become clear, it will perhaps be possible to use more specific therapies to prevent their production and ultimately correct endothelial dysfunction.

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  1. Herbst U, Toborek M, Kaiser S, Mattson MP, Hennig B. 4-Hydroxynonenal induces dysfunction and apoptosis of cultured endo- thelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 1999;181:295-303.

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Authors
Cai, H., & Harrison, D. G.
Affiliations
Emory University (US)
Venue
Circulation Research
Published
2000-11-10
Volume
87
Issue
10
Pages
840-844
ISSN
  • 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4571
OpenAlex
W2148637873
Cited by
3,839
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 61 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 125 · 2019: 136 · 2018: 143 · 2017: 167 · 2016: 163 · 2015: 171 · 2014: 197 · 2013: 195 · 2012: 208
FWCI
13.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (HL39006, HL58000)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL59243, HL 58000, R01HL039006, R01HL39006, P01HL058000)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, superoxide, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase, uncoupled nitric oxide synthase, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, atherosclerosis, vascular tone
MeSH terms
Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases, Nitric Oxide, Xanthine Oxidase, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

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