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ACAT inhibition and amyloid beta reduction

Bhattacharyya, Raja, Kovacs, Dora M.·2010·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
DOI 10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.003PMC PMC2918257
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  • Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of ACAT1, which lowers CE levels, is protective in amyloid and tauopathy models through various mechanisms, including autophagy activation.

    “Importantly, genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of ACAT1, which lowers CE levels, is protective in amyloid and tauopathy models through various mechanisms, including autophagy activation”

    From TREM2 regulates microglial cholesterol metabolism upon chronic phagocytic challenge (2020) · cites this paper as Bhattacharyya and Kovacs, 2010

    Section 2.1 reports that ACAT ablation improved AD-like pathology and reduced Aβ42 in mice, while ACAT inhibitor treatment reduced amyloid plaques, brain cholesteryl esters (CE), and Aβ. The copy does not report protection in tauopathy models or identify autophagy activation as a mechanism; section 2.2 instead discusses possible effects on APP processing and says the mechanism remains uncertain. Page numbers were not available in the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Previous studies using commercial ACAT inhibitors including AVAS, and ACAT-knockout mice, show reduced AD-like pathology and APP processing in familial AD-transgenic mice.

    “Previous studies using commercial ACAT inhibitors, including avasimibe (AVAS), as well as ACAT-knock out (KO) mice, exhibit reduced AD-like pathology and amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing in familial AD (FAD)-transgenic (Tg) mice.”

    From Inhibition of ACAT as a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease Is Independent of ApoE4 Lipidation (2023) · cites this paper as [77]

    Section 2.1 reports reduced amyloid pathology and APP processing in familial AD-transgenic mice treated with the ACAT inhibitor CP-113,818, and improved pathology with reduced APP fragments in ACAT-knockout AD mice. It does not identify avasimibe (AVAS) as an inhibitor used in those mouse studies; the avasimibe-specific part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Using non-isoform-specific ACAT inhibitors like AVAS, APP processing is reduced in brains of FAD-Tg mice.

    “Using non-isoform specific ACAT inhibitors like AVAS, APP processing is reduced in brains of FAD-Tg mice ([75, 76]; reviewed in [77]).”

    From Inhibition of ACAT as a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease Is Independent of ApoE4 Lipidation (2023) · cites this paper as [77]

    Section 2.1 reports that CP-113,818 reduced APP C-terminal fragments in the brains of hAPPFAD mice, indicating reduced APP processing. Our copy does not identify AVAS as the inhibitor used in those mice or establish the claim’s non-isoform-specific description. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Cholesterol mobilization by ACAT inhibition in microglia can promote autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, leading to increased clearance of oAβ.

    “cholesterol mobilization by ACAT inhibition in microglia can promote autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, leading to an increased clearance of oAβ [69–71, 77].”

    From Inhibition of ACAT as a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease Is Independent of ApoE4 Lipidation (2023) · cites this paper as [77]

    Sections 2.1 and 2.2 report that ACAT inhibition reduces Aβ levels and affects cellular cholesterol distribution. But section 2.1 says an effect on Aβ clearance through unidentified mechanisms has not been excluded; it does not establish increased clearance. The cited passages do not support the specific mechanism involving microglial autophagy, lysosomal biogenesis, or clearance of oligomeric Aβ. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • ACAT inhibition significantly reduces palmitoylated APP in lipid rafts, thus reducing APP processing.

    “ACAT inhibition significantly reduces palmitoylated APP in lipid rafts, thus reducing APP processing [75–77, 105, 131].”

    From Inhibition of ACAT as a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease Is Independent of ApoE4 Lipidation (2023) · cites this paper as [77]

    Section 2.2 reports that ACAT inhibitors reduce APP processing, but says the cellular mechanism remains largely unknown. It does not report a significant reduction of palmitoylated APP in lipid rafts or establish that change as the cause of reduced processing; its discussion of lipid rafts is speculative. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Metadata

Authors
Bhattacharyya, R., & Kovacs, D. M.
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-08
Volume
1801
Issue
8
Pages
960-965
ISSN
1388-1981
DOI
10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.04.003
PMC
PMC2918257
Cited by
53
References
4
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

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