Cited by 257Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsMultiple Sclerosis Research StudiesFatty Acid Research and Health

Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism in Microglia

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Loving, Bailey A., Bruce, Kimberley D.·2020·Frontiers in Physiology

Abstract

Microglia, once viewed as static bystanders with limited homeostatic functions, are now considered key players in the development of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Microglial activation is a salient feature of neuroinflammation involving a dynamic process that generates multitudinous microglial phenotypes that can respond to a variety of situational cues in the central nervous system. Recently, a flurry of single cell RNA-sequencing studies have defined microglial phenotypes in unprecedented detail, and have highlighted robust changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Increased expression of genes such as Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) and Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) in microglia during development, damage, and disease, suggest that increased lipid metabolism is needed to fuel protective cellular functions such as phagocytosis. This review describes our current understanding of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in microglia, and highlights microglial lipid metabolism as a modifiable target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.

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  1. Morell Q. R. (1999). “ Characteristic composition of myelin,” in Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects eds Albers A.B. Siegel R. W. (Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven).

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Authors
Loving, B. A., & Bruce, K. D.
Affiliations
University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
Corresponding author
Bruce, Kimberley D.
Venue
Frontiers in Physiology
Published
2020-04-28
Volume
11
Pages
393-393
ISSN
1664-042X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3021410383
Cited by
255
References
242
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 6
FWCI
3.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (KL2TR002534)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Keywords
microglia, lipid metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, microglial activation, microglial phenotype, neuroinflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, apolipoprotein E, TREM2, lipoprotein lipase, phagocytosis, therapeutic target

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