Modulation of PICALM Levels Perturbs Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis
Open accessAbstract
PICALM (Phosphatidyl Inositol Clathrin Assembly Lymphoid Myeloid protein) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. PICALM also affects the internalization and trafficking of SNAREs and modulates macroautophagy. Chromosomal translocations that result in the fusion of PICALM to heterologous proteins cause leukemias, and genome-wide association studies have linked PICALM Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to Alzheimer's disease. To obtain insight into the biological role of PICALM, we performed gene expression studies of PICALM-deficient and PICALM-expressing cells. Pathway analysis demonstrated that PICALM expression influences the expression of genes that encode proteins involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipoprotein uptake. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) studies indicated that loss of PICALM increases cellular cholesterol pool size. Isotopic labeling studies revealed that loss of PICALM alters increased net scavenging of cholesterol. Flow cytometry analyses confirmed that internalization of the LDL receptor is enhanced in PICALM-deficient cells as a result of higher levels of LDLR expression. These findings suggest that PICALM is required for cellular cholesterol homeostasis and point to a novel mechanism by which PICALM alterations may contribute to disease.
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PICALM has been shown to be involved in lipid/cholesterol metabolism in Drosophila glia and HEK293 cells.
“Although PICALM has been shown to be involved in lipid/cholesterol metabolism in Drosophila glia and HEK293 cells13,36”
From PICALM Alzheimer’s risk allele causes aberrant lipid droplets in microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [36]
PICALM's role in lipid/cholesterol metabolism has been reported in Drosophila glia and HEK293 cells.
“its role in lipid/cholesterol metabolism has been reported in Drosophila glia and HEK293 cells13,36”
From PICALM Alzheimer’s risk allele causes aberrant lipid droplets in microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [36]
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Porter, T., Gozt, A., Mastaglia, F. L., & Laws, S. M. (2019) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119356752.ch15 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Jorgenson, L. M., Knight, L. A., Widner, R. E., & Rucks, E. A. (2023) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1080/10985549.2023.2171695 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Heath, L. M., Earls, J. C., Magis, A. T., Kornilov, S. A., Lovejoy, J. C., Funk, C. C., Rappaport, N., Logsdon, B. A., Mangravite, L. M., Kunkle, B. W., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1108842/v2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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PICALM antibody | knockout validation | Sigma-Aldrich HPA019061
(2016) · Materials and Methods · doi:10.13070/ko.en.6.1699
PICALM :: MLLT10 translocated leukemia
Cullen, J. M., Nakatsugawa, A. C., Barton, N., Haines, H., Stein, G. S., Stein, J. L., Wechsler, D. S., & Heath, J. L. (2026) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1002/1873-3468.70279
Self-citation
- Authors
- Mercer, J. L., Argus, J. P., Crabtree, D. M., Keenan, M. M., Wilks, M. Q., Chi, J.-T. A., Bensinger, S. J., Lavau, C. P., & Wechsler, D. S.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wechsler, Daniel S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2015-06-15
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e0129776
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4467867
- OpenAlex
- W1548216896
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Sontag Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- University of California, Los Angeles
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007184, T32-GM008469, T32GM007754)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI093768, R01AI093768)
- Hyundai Hope On Wheels
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- PICALM, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, cholesterol biosynthesis, lipoprotein uptake, macroautophagy, Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Cholesterol, Homeostasis, Humans, Organ Specificity, Receptors, LDL, Gene Expression, Protein Transport, Monomeric Clathrin Assembly Proteins, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice, Biosynthetic Pathways, Gene Knockout Techniques
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