Comparison of mechanistic transport cycle models of ABC exporters
Open accessAbstract
ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporters, ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life, carry out essential substrate transport reactions across cell membranes. Their transmembrane domains bind and translocate substrates and are connected to a pair of nucleotide binding domains, which bind and hydrolyze ATP to energize import or export of substrates. Over four decades of investigations into ABC transporters have revealed numerous details from atomic-level structural insights to their functional and physiological roles. Despite all these advances, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic principles of ABC transporter function remains elusive. The human multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1, also referred to as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is one of the most intensively studied ABC exporters. Using ABCB1 as the reference point, we aim to compare the dominating mechanistic models of substrate transport and ATP hydrolysis for ABC exporters and to highlight the experimental and computational evidence in their support. In particular, we point out in silico studies that enhance and complement available biochemical data. "This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Beyond the Structure-Function Horizon of Membrane Proteins edited by Ute Hellmich, Rupak Doshi and Benjamin McIlwain."
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Gene 397 of L. johnsonii encoded an ABC-F family ATP-binding cassette domain-containing protein, crucial for transmembrane transport.
“Gene 397 of L. johnsonii encoded an ABC-F family ATP-binding cassette domain-containing protein, crucial for transmembrane transport.30”
From Gut microbiota drives structural variation of exogenous probiotics to enhance colonization (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
The Introduction to ABC transporter function and architecture (page unavailable) says ABC-F proteins consist only of nucleotide-binding domains, lack transmembrane domains, and participate in DNA repair and translation—not transmembrane transport. The paper does not identify gene 397 of L. johnsonii; that detail is unsupported rather than contradicted. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Comparative Protein Modelling by Satisfaction of Spatial Restraints
Šali, A., & Blundell, T. L. (1993) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.1993.1626 · Cited by 12,977 · see citing works
The MARTINI Force Field: Coarse Grained Model for Biomolecular Simulations
Marrink, . J., Risselada, H. J., Yefimov, S., Tieleman, D. P., & de Vries, A. H. (2007) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp071097f · Cited by 5,527 · see citing works
Walker, J. E., Saraste, M., Runswick, M. J., & Gay, N. J. (1982) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01276.x · Cited by 5,312 · see citing works
ABC Transporters: From Microorganisms to Man
Higgins, C. F. (1992) · Annual Review of Cell Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cb.08.110192.000435 · Cited by 3,985 · see citing works
Targeting multidrug resistance in cancer
Szakács, G., Paterson, J. K., Ludwig, J. A., Booth-Genthe, C., & Gottesman, M. M. (2006) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1984 · Cited by 3,609 · see citing works
The MARTINI Coarse-Grained Force Field: Extension to Proteins
Monticelli, L., Kandasamy, S. K., Périole, X., Larson, R. G., Tieleman, D. P., & Marrink, . J. (2008) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct700324x · Cited by 2,491 · see citing works
Hoffmeyer, S., Burk, O., von Richter, O., Arnold, H., Brockmöller, J., Johne, A., Cascorbi, I., Gerloff, T., Roots, I., Eichelbaum, M. F., et al. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3473 · Cited by 2,366 · see citing works
Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science
Fersht, A. (2017) · WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · doi:10.1142/10574 · Cited by 2,078 · see citing works
Structure of P-Glycoprotein Reveals a Molecular Basis for Poly-Specific Drug Binding
Aller, S. G., Yu, J., Ward, A., Weng, Y., Chittaboina, S., Zhuo, R., Harrell, P. M., Trinh, Y. T., Zhang, Q., Urbatsch, I. L., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1168750 · Cited by 1,929 · see citing works
Chen, C.-J., Chin, J. E., Ueda, K., Clark, D. P., Pastan, I., Gottesman, M. M., & Roninson, I. B. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90595-7 · Cited by 1,898 · see citing works
Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science. A guide to Enzyme Catalysis and Protein Folding
Howland, J. L. (2001) · Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education · Cited by 1,823 · see citing works
Cordon‐Cardo, C., O’Brien, J. P., Casals, D., Rittmann-Grauer, L., Biedler, J. L., Melamed, M. R., & Bertino, J. R. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.695 · Cited by 1,750 · see citing works
ABC transporters: the power to change
Rees, D. C., Johnson, E., & Lewinson, O. (2009) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2646 · Cited by 1,454 · see citing works
Identification of cells initiating human melanomas
Schatton, T., Murphy, G. F., Frank, N. Y., Yamaura, K., Waaga-Gasser, A. M., Gasser, M., Zhan, Q., Jordan, S., Duncan, L. M., Weishaupt, C., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06489 · Cited by 1,408 · see citing works
Leslie, E. M., Deeley, R. G., & Cole, S. P. C. (2004) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.10.012 · Cited by 1,407 · see citing works
Simple Allosteric Model for Membrane Pumps
Jardetzky, O. (1966) · Nature · doi:10.1038/211969a0 · Cited by 1,293 · see citing works
Structure of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter
Dawson, R. J. P., & Locher, K. P. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05155 · Cited by 1,280 · see citing works
Wassenaar, T. A., Ingólfsson, H. I., Böckmann, R. A., Tieleman, D. P., & Marrink, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00209 · Cited by 1,174 · see citing works
Cordon‐Cardo, C., O’Brien, J. P., Boccia, J. P., Casals, D., Bertino, J. R., & Melamed, M. R. (1990) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/38.9.1974900 · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
The Sister of P-glycoprotein Represents the Canalicular Bile Salt Export Pump of Mammalian Liver
Gerloff, T., Stieger, B., Hagenbuch, B., Madon, J., Landmann, L., Roth, J., Hofmann, A. F., & Meier, P. J. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.16.10046 · Cited by 938 · see citing works
Flexibility in the ABC transporter MsbA: Alternating access with a twist
Ward, A. B., Reyes, C. L., Yu, J., Roth, C., & Chang, G. A. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0709388104 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Smith, P. C., Karpowich, N., Millen, L., Moody, J. E., Rosen, J., Thomas, P. J., & Hunt, J. F. (2002) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00576-2 · Cited by 773 · see citing works
The ATP switch model for ABC transporters
Higgins, C. F., & Linton, K. J. (2004) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb836 · Cited by 752 · see citing works
Is the multidrug transporter a flippase?
Higgins, C. F., & Gottesman, M. M. (1992) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(92)90419-a · Cited by 726 · see citing works
Thiebaut, F., TSURUO, T., Hamada, H., Gottesman, M. M., Pastan, I. H., & Willingham, M. C. (1989) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/37.2.2463300 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
ABCB5-Mediated Doxorubicin Transport and Chemoresistance in Human Malignant Melanoma
Frank, N. Y., Margaryan, A., Huang, Y. S., Schatton, T., Waaga-Gasser, A. M., Gasser, M., Sayegh, M. H., Sadée, W., & Frank, M. H. (2005) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3327 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Selective and ATP-Dependent Translocation of Peptides by the MHC-Encoded Transporter
Neefjes, J., Momburg, F., & Hämmerling, G. J. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8342042 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Schneider, E., & Hunke, S. (1998) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1998.tb00358.x · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Molecular Structure of the Human CFTR Ion Channel
Liu, F., Zhang, Z., Csanády, L., Gadsby, D. C., & Chen, J. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.024 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
A Tweezers-like Motion of the ATP-Binding Cassette Dimer in an ABC Transport Cycle
Chen, J., Lu, G., Lin, J. S., Davidson, A. L., & Quiocho, F. A. (2003) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2003.08.004 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Beis, I., & Newsholme, E. A. (1975) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj1520023 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Positively Cooperative Sites for Drug Transport by P‐Glycoprotein with Distinct Drug Specificities
Shapiro, A. B., & Ling, V. W. T. (1997) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00130.x · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Crystal structure of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein from Caenorhabditis elegans
Jin, M. S., Oldham, M. L., Zhang, Q., & Chen, J. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11448 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
The Lateral Pressure Profile in Membranes: A Physical Mechanism of General Anesthesia
Cantor, R. S. (1997) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi9627323 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
The catalytic cycle of P‐glycoprotein
Senior, A. E., Al‐Shawi, M. K., & Urbatsch, I. L. (1995) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)01345-8 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Equilibrium Free Energies from Nonequilibrium Metadynamics
Bussi, G., Laio, A., & Parrinello, M. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.090601 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Structure of the human multidrug transporter ABCG2
Taylor, N. M. I., Manolaridis, I., Jackson, S. M., Kowal, J., Stahlberg, H., & Locher, K. P. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature22345 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Dawson, R. J. P., & Locher, K. P. (2007) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.073 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Allikmets, R. L., Raskind, W. H., Hutchinson, A. A., Schueck, N. D., Dean, M. C., & Koeller, D. M. (1999) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/8.5.743 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Schlitter, J., Engels, M., Krüger, P., Jacoby, E., & Wollmer, A. (1993) · Molecular Simulation · doi:10.1080/08927029308022170 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Ambudkar, S. V., Lelong-Rebel, I. H., Zhang, J., CARDARELLI, C. O., Gottesman, M. M., & PASTAN, I. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.18.8472 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter
Krishnamurthy, P. C., Du, G., Fukuda, Y., Sun, D., Sampath, J., Mercer, K. E., Wang, J., Sosa‐Pineda, B., Murti, K. G., & Schuetz, J. D. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05125 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Refined structures of mouse P‐glycoprotein
Li, J., Jaimes, K. F., & Aller, S. G. (2013) · Protein Science · doi:10.1002/pro.2387 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
H662 is the linchpin of ATP hydrolysis in the nucleotide‐binding domain of the ABC transporter HlyB
Zaitseva, J., Jenewein, S., Jumpertz, T., Holland, I. B., & Schmitt, L. (2005) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600657 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Stimulation of P‐glycoprotein‐mediated drug transport by prazosin and progesterone
Shapiro, A. B., Fox, K., Lam, P., et al. (1999) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00098.x · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Deleuze, J., Jacquemin, E., Dubuisson, C., et al. (1996) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510230435 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Sharom, F. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2014.00041 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Bekri, S., Kispál, G., Lange, H., Fitzsimons, E. J., Tolmie, J., Lill, R., & Bishop, D. F. (2000) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v96.9.3256 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Asymmetry in the Structure of the ABC Transporter-Binding Protein Complex BtuCD-BtuF
Hvorup, R. N., Goetz, B. A., Niederer, M., Hollenstein, K., Perozo, E., & Locher, K. P. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1145950 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Dry Martini, a Coarse-Grained Force Field for Lipid Membrane Simulations with Implicit Solvent
Arnarez, C., Uusitalo, J. J., Masman, M. F., Ingólfsson, H. I., de Jong, D. H., Melo, M. N., Périole, X., de Vries, A. H., & Marrink, . J. (2014) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct500477k · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Structure of the Human Lipid Exporter ABCA1
Qian, H., Zhao, X., Cao, P., Lei, J., Yan, N., & Gong, X. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.020 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Crystal structure of the human sterol transporter ABCG5/ABCG8
Lee, J., Kinch, L. N., Borek, D., Wang, J., Wang, J., Urbatsch, I. L., Xie, X., Grishin, N. V., Cohen, J. C., Otwinowski, Z., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17666 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Structural basis of MsbA-mediated lipopolysaccharide transport
Mi, W., Li, Y., Yoon, S. H., Ernst, R. K., Walz, T., & Liao, M. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature23649 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Energy transduction and alternating access of the mammalian ABC transporter P-glycoprotein
Verhalen, B., Dastvan, R., Thangapandian, S., Peskova, Y. B., Koteiche, H. A., Nakamoto, R. K., Tajkhorshid, E., & Mchaourab, H. S. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21414 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Crystal structure of a heterodimeric ABC transporter in its inward-facing conformation
Hohl, M., Briand, C., Grütter, M. G., & Seeger, M. A. (2012) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb.2267 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Structures of ABCB10, a human ATP-binding cassette transporter in apo- and nucleotide-bound states
Shintre, C. A., Pike, A. C. W., Li, Q., Kim, J.-I., Barr, A., Goubin, S., Shrestha, L., Yang, J., Berridge, G., Ross, J. E., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1217042110 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Both P-glycoprotein Nucleotide-binding Sites Are Catalytically Active
Urbatsch, I. L., Sankaran, B., Bhagat, S., et al. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.45.26956 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Sharom, F. J., Yu, X., Chu, J. W. K., & Doige, C. A. (1995) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3080381 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
The power of the pump: Mechanisms of action of P-glycoprotein (ABCB1)
Ambudkar, S. V., Kim, I., & Sauna, Z. E. (2005) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2005.10.010 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Role of the ABC Transporter Mdl1 in Peptide Export from Mitochondria
Young, L. L., Leonhard, K., Tatsuta, T., Trowsdale, J., & Langer, T. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1056957 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Structure and mechanism of an active lipid-linked oligosaccharide flippase
Pérez, C., Gerber, S., Boilevin, J., Bucher, M., Darbre, T., Aebi, M., Reymond, J., & Locher, K. P. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14953 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Crystal Structure of the Maltose Transporter in a Pretranslocation Intermediate State
Oldham, M. L., & Chen, J. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1200767 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Characterization of the ATPase Activity of Purified Chinese Hamster P-glycoprotein
Urbatsch, I. L., Al‐Shawi, M. K., & Senior, A. E. (1994) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00189a008 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
An ABC transporter in the mitochondrial inner membrane is required for normal growth of yeast.
Leighton, J. A., & Schatz, G. (1995) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb06989.x · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Choudhury, H. G., Tong, Z., Mathavan, I., Li, Y., Iwata, S., Zirah, S., Rebuffat, S., van Veen, H. W., & Beis, K. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1320506111 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Orelle, C., Dalmas, O., Gros, P., Pietro, A. D., & Jault, J. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m308268200 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Esser, L., Zhou, F., Pluchino, K. M., Shiloach, J., Ma, J., Tang, W.-K., Gutierrez, C., Zhang, A., Shukla, S., Madigan, J. P., et al. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.755884 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
The Role of Passive Transbilayer Drug Movement in Multidrug Resistance and Its Modulation
Eytan, G. D., Regev, R., Oren, G., et al. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12897 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
ABC transporters: a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma
Jones, P. M., O’Mara, M. L., & George, A. M. (2009) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.06.004 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Barthelme, D., Dinkelaker, S., Albers, S., Londei, P., Ermler, U., & Tampé, R. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1015953108 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Ambudkar, S. V., Kim, I., Xia, D., & Sauna, Z. E. (2005) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.12.051 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Janas, E., Hofacker, M., Chen, M., et al. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m301227200 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Structural Basis of Energy Transduction in the Transport Cycle of MsbA
Dong, J., Yang, G., & Mchaourab, H. S. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1106592 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
ABCC8 and ABCC9: ABC transporters that regulate K+ channels
Bryan, J., Muñoz, A., Zhang, X., Düfer, M., Drews, G., Krippeit‐Drews, P., & Aguilar‐Bryan, L. (2006) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-006-0116-z · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Mechanistic picture for conformational transition of a membrane transporter at atomic resolution
Moradi, M., & Tajkhorshid, E. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1313202110 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Binding pathway of retinal to bacterio-opsin: a prediction by molecular dynamics simulations
Isralewitz, B., Izrailev, S., & Schulten, K. J. (1997) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(97)78326-7 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
ABC‐me: a novel mitochondrial transporter induced by GATA‐1 during erythroid differentiation
Shirihai, O. S., Gregory, T., Yu, C., Orkin, S. H., & Weiss, M. J. (2000) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/19.11.2492 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Tissue distribution of the human MDR3 P-glycoprotein.
Smit, J., Schinkel, A. H., Mol, C. A. A. M., Majoor, D. M., Mooi, W. J., Jongsma, A. P. M., Lincke, C. R., & Borst, P. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Diverse relations between ABC transporters and lipids: An overview
Neumann, J., Rose-Sperling, D., & Hellmich, U. A. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.09.023 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationDistinct Structural and Functional Properties of the ATPase Sites in an Asymmetric ABC Transporter
Procko, E., Carter-O’Connell, I., Ng, S., et al. (2006) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.07.034 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
The effect of charge and cholesterol on the size and thickness of sonicated phospholipid vesicles
Johnson, S. M. (1973) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/0005-2736(73)90022-9 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Understanding polyspecificity of multidrug ABC transporters: closing in on the gaps in ABCB1
Gutmann, D. A. P., Ward, A. B., Urbatsch, I. L., et al. (2009) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.07.009 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Zou, P., Bortolus, M., & Mchaourab, H. S. (2009) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2009.08.050 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Sauna, Z. E., & Ambudkar, S. V. (2007) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0155 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
HLA class I deficiencies due to mutations in subunit 1 of the peptide transporter TAP1
de la Salle, H., Zimmer, J., Fricker, D., et al. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci5687 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Molecular Basis of the Polyspecificity of P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1)
Chufán, E. E., Sim, H., & Ambudkar, S. V. (2015) · Advances in cancer research · doi:10.1016/bs.acr.2014.10.003 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
ATP-binding sites in the membrane components of histidine permease, a periplasmic transport system.
Hobson, A. C., Weatherwax, R. S., & Ames, G. F.-L. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.23.7333 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Role of the bile salt export pump, BSEP, in acquired forms of cholestasis
Stieger, B. (2009) · Drug Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.3109/03602530903492004 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
The ABC-F protein EttA gates ribosome entry into the translation elongation cycle
Boël, G., Smith, P., Ning, W., Englander, M. T., Chen, B., Hashem, Y., Testa, A. J., Fischer, J. J., Wieden, H., Frank, J., et al. (2014) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb.2740 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
On the Origin of Large Flexibility of P-glycoprotein in the Inward-facing State
Wen, P., 溫, 博., Verhalen, B., Wilkens, S., Mchaourab, H. S., & Tajkhorshid, E. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.450114 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Mishra, S., Verhalen, B., Stein, R. A., Wen, P., Tajkhorshid, E., & Mchaourab, H. S. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.02740 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Distinct Conformational Spectrum of Homologous Multidrug ABC Transporters
Moeller, A., Lee, S. C., Tao, H., Speir, J. A., Chang, G. A., Urbatsch, I. L., Potter, C. S., Carragher, B. O., & Zhang, Q. (2015) · Structure · doi:10.1016/j.str.2014.12.013 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Evidence for a Sav1866‐like architecture for the human multidrug transporter P‐glycoprotein
Zolnerciks, J. K., Wooding, C., & Linton, K. J. (2007) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.07-8610com · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Characterization of an Asymmetric Occluded State of P-glycoprotein with Two Bound Nucleotides
Siarheyeva, A., Liu, R., & Sharom, F. J. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.047290 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Grossmann, N., Vakkasoglu, A. S., Hulpke, S., et al. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6419 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Jones, P. M., & George, A. M. (2008) · Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.22250 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Interaction of the P-glycoprotein Multidrug Transporter with Peptides and Ionophores
Sharom, F. J., DiDiodato, G., Yu, X., et al. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.17.10334 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
The Maltose Transport System of Escherichia coli Displays Positive Cooperativity in ATP Hydrolysis
Davidson, A. L., Laghaeian, S. S., & Mannering, D. E. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.9.4858 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Mutations in ABCB6 Cause Dyschromatosis Universalis Hereditaria
Zhang, C., Li, D., Zhang, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2013.145 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Loo, T. W., & Clarke, D. M. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.34.20986 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
High-Throughput Simulations of Dimer and Trimer Assembly of Membrane Proteins. The DAFT Approach
Wassenaar, T. A., Pluháčková, K., Moussatova, A., Sengupta, D., Marrink, . J., Tieleman, D. P., & Böckmann, R. A. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct5010092 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Sauna, Z. E., Kim, I., Nandigama, K., Kopp, S., Chiba, P., & Ambudkar, S. V. (2007) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi701385t · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Martin, C., Higgins, C. F., & Callaghan, R. (2001) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi011211z · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The translocation mechanism of P‐glycoprotein
Callaghan, R., Ford, R. C., & Kerr, I. D. (2005) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.11.083 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Zaitseva, J., Jenewein, S., Wiedenmann, A., et al. (2005) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi0506122 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Dynamic Cholesterol-Conditioned Dimerization of the G Protein Coupled Chemokine Receptor Type 4
Pluháčková, K., Gahbauer, S., Kranz, F., Wassenaar, T. A., & Böckmann, R. A. (2016) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005169 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Catalytic Transitions in the Human MDR1 P-Glycoprotein Drug Binding Sites
Wise, J. G. (2012) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi300299z · Cited by 94 · see citing works
P-glycoprotein Catalytic Mechanism
Urbatsch, I. L., Tyndall, G. A., Tombline, G., & Senior, A. E. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m301957200 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Chen, K. G., Szakács, G., Annereau, J., Rouzaud, F., Liang, X., Valencia, J. C., Nagineni, C. N., Hooks, J. J., Hearing, V. J., & Gottesman, M. M. (2005) · Pigment Cell Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00214.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Kiss, K., Brózik, A., Kucsma, N., Toth, A., Gera, M., Berry, L., Vallentin, A., Vial, H. J., Vidal, M., & Szakács, G. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037378 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Interaction of bioactive hydrophobic peptides with the human multidrug transporter
Sarkadi, B., Müller, M., Homolya, L., et al. (1994) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.8.10.7914178 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
A common mechanism for ATP hydrolysis in ABC transporter and helicase superfamilies
Geourjon, C., Orelle, C., Steinfels, E., Blanchet, C., Deléage, G., Pietro, A. D., & Jault, J. (2001) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(01)01907-7 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The ATPase and ATP‐binding functions of P‐glycoprotein
Romsicki, Y., & Sharom, F. J. (1998) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2560170.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Tombline, G., Bartholomew, L. A., Urbatsch, I. L., & Senior, A. E. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m404689200 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Mutational analysis of ABC proteins
Loo, T. W., & Clarke, D. M. (2008) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.025 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Qu, Q., & Sharom, F. J. (2001) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi002035h · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Frank, G. A., Shukla, S., Rao, P., et al. (2016) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.116.104190 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Membrane-Mediated Effect on Ion Channels Induced by the Anesthetic Drug Ketamine
Jerabek, H., Pabst, G., Rappolt, M., & Stockner, T. (2010) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja910843d · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationObradovic, T., Dobson, G. G., Shingaki, T., Kungu, T., & Hidalgo, I. J. (2006) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-006-9149-4 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
How do ABC transporters drive transport?
van der Does, C., & Tampé, R. (2004) · Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1515/bc.2004.121 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Payen, L. F., Gao, M., Westlake, C. J., et al. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m305786200 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Multiple Drug Transport Pathways through Human P-Glycoprotein
McCormick, J. W., Vogel, P. D., & Wise, J. G. (2015) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00018 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Exploring conformational equilibria of a heterodimeric ABC transporter
Timachi, M. H., Hutter, C. A., Hohl, M., Assafa, T. E., Böhm, S., Mittal, A., Seeger, M. A., & Bordignon, E. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.20236 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Dimer Opening of the Nucleotide Binding Domains of ABC Transporters after ATP Hydrolysis
Wen, P., & Tajkhorshid, E. (2008) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1529/biophysj.108.139444 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Clay, A. T., & Sharom, F. J. (2012) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi301532c · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Moradi, M., & Tajkhorshid, E. (2014) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct5002285 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Hogue, D. L., Liu, L., & Ling, V. W. T. (1999) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2259 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
ATP hydrolysis by multidrug-resistance protein from Chinese hamster ovary cells
Senior, A. E., Al‐Shawi, M. K., & Urbatsch, I. L. (1995) · Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes · doi:10.1007/bf02110328 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The Lipid Bilayer Modulates the Structure and Function of an ATP-binding Cassette Exporter
Zoghbi, M. E., Cooper, R. S., & Altenberg, G. A. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.698498 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Wolters, J. C., Abele, R., & Tampé, R. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m503231200 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Oliveira, A. S. F., Baptista, A. M., & Soares, C. M. (2011) · Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.23023 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Szabó, K., Bakos, É., Welker, E., Müller, M., Goodfellow, H. R., Higgins, C. F., Váradi, A., & Sarkadi, B. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.37.23165 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Human P-glycoprotein is active when the two halves are clamped together in the closed conformation
Loo, T. W., Bartlett, M. C., & Clarke, D. M. (2010) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.057 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Probing the ATP Hydrolysis Cycle of the ABC Multidrug Transporter LmrA by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy
Hellmich, U. A., Lyubenova, S., Kaltenborn, E., et al. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja211007t · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular Dissection of Dual Pseudosymmetric Solute Translocation Pathways in Human P-Glycoprotein
Parveen, Z., Stockner, T., Bentele, C., Pferschy, S., Kraupp, M., Freissmuth, M., Ecker, G. F., & Chiba, P. (2010) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.110.067611 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationSolid‐state NMR and EPR Spectroscopy of Mn2+‐Substituted ATP‐Fueled Protein Engines
Wiegand, T., Lacabanne, D., Keller, K., et al. (2017) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201610551 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The Occluded Nucleotide Conformation of P-Glycoprotein
Tombline, G., & Senior, A. E. (2005) · Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes · doi:10.1007/s10863-005-9498-4 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
P-Glycoprotein and Bilirubin Disposition
Watchko, J. F., Daood, M. J., Mahmood, B., et al. (2001) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7210633 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
A New Structural Model for P-Glycoprotein
Jones, P. M., & George, A. M. (1998) · The Journal of Membrane Biology · doi:10.1007/s002329900455 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Zolnerciks, J. K., Akkaya, B. G., Snippe, M., et al. (2014) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.13-245639 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
O’Mara, M. L., & Mark, A. E. (2012) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct300254y · Cited by 48 · see citing works
P-Glycoprotein-ATPase Modulation: The Molecular Mechanisms
Li‐Blatter, X., Beck, A., & Seelig, A. (2012) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2012.02.018 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Functional role of the linker region in purified human P‐glycoprotein
Sato, T., Kodan, A., Kimura, Y., et al. (2009) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07072.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Jones, P. M., & George, A. M. (2011) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2011.05.028 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Dynamics and Structural Changes Induced by ATP Binding in SAV1866, a Bacterial ABC Exporter
Becker, J., Françoise Van Bambeke, A., Tulkens, P. M., & Prévost, M. (2010) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/jp1038392 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
A single active catalytic site is sufficient to promote transport in P-glycoprotein
Bársony, O., Szalóki, G., Türk, D., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep24810 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Identification of a Lysosomal Peptide Transport System Induced during Dendritic Cell Development
Demirel, Ö., Waibler, Z., Kalinke, U., et al. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m708139200 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Pan, L., & Aller, S. G. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep07880 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gyimesi, G., Ramachandran, S., Kota, P. B., Dokholyan, N. V., Sarkadi, B., & Hegedűs, T. (2011) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.07.038 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Smriti, S., Zou, P., & Mchaourab, H. S. (2009) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m900837200 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Molecular Disruption of the Power Stroke in the ATP-binding Cassette Transport Protein MsbA
Doshi, R., Ali, A., Shi, W., et al. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.430074 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Direct Spectroscopic Detection of ATP Turnover Reveals Mechanistic Divergence of ABC Exporters
Collauto, A., Mishra, S., Litvinov, A., et al. (2017) · Structure · doi:10.1016/j.str.2017.06.014 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Storm, J., O’Mara, M. L., Crowley, E. H., et al. (2007) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi700447p · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Improved Energy Coupling of Human P-glycoprotein by the Glycine 185 to Valine Mutation
Omote, H., Figler, R. A., Polar, M. K., et al. (2004) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi035365l · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Dama, J. F., Hocky, G. M., Sun, R., & Voth, G. A. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00907 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
An ABC transporter homologous to TAP proteins
Yamaguchi, Y., Kasano, M., Terada, T., et al. (1999) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01042-x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Providing a molecular mechanism for P-glycoprotein; why would I bother?
Callaghan, R. (2015) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20150131 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Subramanian, N., Čondić‐Jurkić, K., Mark, A. E., et al. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci5007382 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Kluth, M., Stindt, J., Dröge, C., et al. (2014) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m114.588566 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The peptide-loading complex – antigen translocation and MHC class I loading
Scholz, C. W., & Tampé, R. (2009) · Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1515/bc.2009.069 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Pore-Exposed Tyrosine Residues of P-Glycoprotein Are Important Hydrogen-Bonding Partners for Drugs
Çakıl, Y. D., Khunweeraphong, N., Parveen, Z., Schmid, D., Artaker, M., Ecker, G. F., Sitte, H. H., Pusch, O., Stockner, T., & Chiba, P. (2013) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.113.088526 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationATP binding to two sites is necessary for dimerization of nucleotide-binding domains of ABC proteins
Zoghbi, M. E., & Altenberg, G. A. (2013) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.050 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Engineering ATPase Activity in the Isolated ABC Cassette of Human TAP1
Ernst, R., Koch, J., Horn, C., et al. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m601131200 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Structural Characterization of Two Metastable ATP-Bound States of P-Glycoprotein
O’Mara, M. L., & Mark, A. E. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091916 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Fluidity and Phase Transitions of Cell Membranes
Chapman, D. (1975) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7668-2_1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Siarheyeva, A., Lopez, J. J., Lehner, I., et al. (2007) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi062109a · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Zoghbi, M. E., & Altenberg, G. A. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.500371 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Effects of nucleotide binding to LmrA: A combined MAS-NMR and solution NMR study
Hellmich, U. A., Mönkemeyer, L., Velamakanni, S., et al. (2015) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.10.003 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationReaction Dynamics of ATP Hydrolysis Catalyzed by P-Glycoprotein
Scian, M., Acchione, M., Li, M., et al. (2014) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi401280v · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Unidirectional Transport Mechanism in an ATP Dependent Exporter
Xu, Y., Seelig, A., & Bernèche, S. (2017) · ACS Central Science · doi:10.1021/acscentsci.7b00068 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
ATP Hydrolysis Mechanism in a Maltose Transporter Explored by QM/MM Metadynamics Simulation
Hsu, W., Furuta, T., & Sakurai, M. (2016) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b07332 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Loo, T. W., & Clarke, D. M. (2016) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.137 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pan, C., Weng, J., & Wang, W. (2016) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00386 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Furuta, T., Sato, Y., & Sakurai, M. (2016) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00947 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Stockner, T., Mullen, A., & MacMillan, F. (2015) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20150138 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationMembrane Protein Dynamics from Femtoseconds to Seconds
Kandt, C., & Monticelli, L. (2010) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-762-4_22 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Toward Determining ATPase Mechanism in ABC Transporters
Zhou, Y., Ojeda-May, P., Nagaraju, M., et al. (2016) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2016.05.054 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [1]ABC Proteins: From Bacteria to Man Academic Press 2015
- [2]ABC Transporters - 40 Years on Springer International Publishing 2016
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gut microbiota drives structural variation of exogenous probiotics to enhance colonization
Jiang, S., Huang, S., Zhang, Z., Ma, W., Han, Z., Song, Y., Huo, D., Cui, W., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2025.2503371 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“30 Additionally, gene 1465 of Bacteroides ovatus encoded HsdR family type I site-specific deoxyribonuclease, which can digest DNA to produce monodeoxynucleotides.”
- Authors
- Szöllősi, D., Rose-Sperling, D., Hellmich, U. A., & Stockner, T.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Stockner, Thomas
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 1860
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 818-832
- ISSN
- 0005-2736 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7610611
- OpenAlex
- W2766922062
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 177
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12
- FWCI
- 5.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Austrian Science Fund (P23319, F3524)
- state of Hesse
- German-American Fulbright commission
- Research Corporation for Science Advancement
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Hans Böckler Stiftung
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Keywords
- ABC transporters, P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance, substrate transport mechanism, ATP hydrolysis, nucleotide-binding domain, transmembrane domain
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Biological Transport, Humans, Models, Biological, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1, Molecular Dynamics Simulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
